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How to be legal、Reasonably and effective standardized textbook management，Dynamic balance between realizing the right of national education and the right to educate citizens，It has become an important issue for the construction of the teaching materials system and the study of the rule of law in the rule of law。2017，Establishment of the National Teaching Materials Committee。Its main responsibility is，Guidance and overall planning national teaching materials，Implement the major policies and policies of the party and the state on teaching materials，Research and reviewing textbook construction plan and annual work plan，Research and solve major problems in the construction of textbooks，Guidance、Organization、Coordinate the work of relevant textbooks in various regions，Examine national curriculum settings and curriculum standards，State planning textbooks with strong ideological attributes。At the same time，Construction of textbooks for large and middle schools、Management and review work several times has become the key point of the year's work of the Ministry of Education。Pay attention to strengthening national textbook construction functions that focus on quality assessment and monitoring，It is becoming an important trend of my country's standardized textbook management。State's public power on educational matters，The inherent requirements of the realization of the purpose of ensuring education。

　Exercise the State Education Power Establishment Teaching Materials Committee

Textbooks as the most direct text carrier of the course implementation，Pass "legal culture or legal knowledge"，inevitable publicity。The right to educate the state as the public power exercises in accordance with the law，Including the right of education and the rule of education、Management bet365 best casino games Right，It is often specific to the specific authority of the state agency (government)。If school education reflects the right to host the country，The establishment of the National Teaching Materials Committee requires the state to exercise the management right of education。Its original intention is based on national coercion and national will，Test and screen the ideology and values ​​transmitted by the textbook，Whether the content is in line with the mainstream culture of the current society or the interests of the class。Specific performance as，By strengthening authoritative knowledge、The release and dissemination of information，Strengthen the regulations on the standard of education platforms and restrictions on the education qualification review and recognition system，To ensure the effectiveness and legality of the exercise of national education rights。

Article 15 of the Education Law of my country Article 1, "The Education Administrative Department of the State Council is in charge of national education work，Coordinated plan、Coordination and Management of Education of Education "Standards，To a certain extent, it means that the state should do something in management textbooks。The "Compulsory Education Law" revised in 2006 even clearly states that "the state implements the textbook approval system。The approval method of textbooks shall be stipulated by the Education Administrative Department of the State Council。Unbuttoned textbooks，Do not publish、Select "。This method not only directly stipulates the power of the national review of textbooks，Established the nature of the administrative legal relationship of the teaching material management system，and highlight the dominance and control of the country in the process of regulating teaching materials。In order to implement the above laws and regulations，The Ministry of Education has issued the "Articles of Association of the Expert Working Committee of the Department of Education Course Teaching Materials Bet365 app download of the Ministry of Education" in recent years "、"Administrative Measures for the State Teaching Materials Construction of Key Research Base" (Textbook [2020] No. 1)、"Substitute of National Security Education Guidance of Da, Middle School" (Textbook [2020] No. 5) and other policy documents，It even shows that the country is not only the owner of the power of the textbook supervision，It is also the only subject of power supervision。The main manifestation is: according to the country's economy、requirements for political and cultural development，Establish a different level and category textbook evaluation criteria and institutional system，To meet the actual requirements of national talent training。In this sense，The National Establishment Teaching Material Committee is written as a supervisory teaching material、Publication、Distribution of specialized organizations，Establish an effective and transparent regulatory system，Ensure that the content of education does not deviate from education purposes，Not only in line with the principle of legal reservation，It is also a positive manifestation of various new challenges faced in the management of teaching materials。

National education power actively involved in teaching materials management

Teaching Material Management System as an educational system and legal system in my country，closely related to the education administrative management system，It is also closely linked to the distribution of interests between different subjects and power constraints。With the marketization of education and diversified development，Whether it is precise positioning for the value target of teaching materials，Still macro grasp of teaching materials、Details of important content，All should ensure the timely and moderate intervention of national education power。The exercise of this law is not only inevitable，And also monopoly in a specific education stage。

First，The publicity of the textbook requires positive intervention of national education power。Publicity is the bet365 Play online games basic attribute of modern education，It refers to education involving the public、Use of public finance and social resources，The necessary interests that affect members of society，The possibility of joint consumption and utilization is open to all members，The nature of its results shared by members of all society。As an important carrier that carries the will of the country and the implementation of public education，Textbooks obviously have publicity。So，Different from general books，The publicity of textbooks requires national education power to actively and actively intervene，Establish a special organization and formulate management specifications，Maintaining the fairness and public welfare of education，The risk of avoiding the market's greater impact on the publicity of the market。From the perspective of value attributes and functional positioning，Maintenance and guarantee the publicity of the textbook，It constitutes a reason for the state's adopting positive measures to intervene in teaching materials，It is also a direct reason for the establishment of the National Teaching Materials Committee。Specifically，To adhere to the party's education policy，Grasp the correct direction and value orientation，Strengthen the core values ​​of socialism and excellent traditional culture、National Spiritual Education，Ensure that the national mainstream ideology is implemented and inherited in school education。

Second，Ensure that the quality of teaching materials is required to actively intervene in national education power。Should recognize，Due to the incomplete system itself，There are a series of contradictions and problems in the review of Chinese textbooks for review。Either separate benefits，Insufficient inspection of the quality of textbooks，As a result of the "name" of the approval, there is no "real" that is not approved;，and the corresponding lack of scientific and standardized approval tables or tools，As a result, the results Bet365 app download of the review are not objective enough，Textbook management thus falling into disorder、Dilemma of weakness and invalidity。This obviously ignores the standardization of the textbook、Demonstration and public characteristics，and put forward urgent requirements for strict regulatory textbook management。Out of the need to protect the sovereignty of national education and respond to the purpose of educational purposes，The state should strictly supervise and manage the textbooks in accordance with the prescribed curriculum standards and outline plans，to ensure that the content of educational content is in line with the public interests of the country and society。

third，The state's supervision power of the textbook of the compulsory education stage is monopoly。This is determined by the essential characteristics of compulsory education。The publicity of compulsory education not only requires schools established or approved by the state to carry out education and teaching activities，and the textbooks used in the compulsory education stage can maximize the country's will and demands; the basic nature of compulsory education requires that the content of the textbook must be consistent with all children who receive compulsory education。In fact，At present, most countries in the world have increased the trend of teaching materials management and monitoring of compulsory education schools。Whether it is the textbook used by the school，Still specific textbook content，All are closely related to the country’s specific needs。Consider from the perspective of diversifiedism，Although local textbooks and school -based textbooks are allowed to exist to a certain extent，But still needs to be accepted the corresponding management of the state in accordance with the law、Supervision and evaluation。Here，The intervention method of national education power shows micro、Audit and explicit features。

　　Abide by the principle of "legitimacy" and "best"

　　Textbook construction is a strategic engineering related to the future、Basic Engineering。As a typical public power，The country's intervention of teaching materials management behavior does not mean that being able to deny citizens' right to educate，Not to mention the basic laws of education。From the long run，The characteristics and legal relationship characteristics of the management of teaching materials should be managed，Incorporate the organization and procedures of national supervision into the institutionalized track，Internal requirements of "legality" and "best" of supervision，To respond to the practical needs of my country's education development。

On the one hand，Establishing the Rules of Teaching Material Management System，Both need to consider the compulsory and prescribed national education power，You need to consider the special nature and publicity of the textbook as the carrier of the national will，It also needs to focus on the border between national education power and the right to educate citizens。Construction of the management of the rule of law for teaching materials，Need to effectively prevent the country's abuse of power、Excessive rights and other behaviors。When exercising the regulatory function of teaching materials，The right to protect the education of citizens should be returned as its ultimate value，At the same time, fully recognize the important position and unique value of the basic laws of education in the construction of teaching materials。Any course standard or outline of the textbook，Should not just be stubbornly achieved the implementation of standardized management goals，and ignore the nature and purpose of education and teaching。To respect the laws of education and student growth，Strengthen and improve the management of the textbooks，Specify the construction specifications of teaching materials。

On the other hand，Pay attention to the establishment of teaching materials standards and directions by the state，Building a textbook writing and management system，Interactive cooperation between the State and local education Bet365 lotto review administrative departments should be strengthened，System support for improving textbook management。To deal with the relationship between state management power and local and school independent rights，The autonomy space of local and schools in specific content and category by appropriately gives local and schools，Organic interaction that forms national standards and local rules，To maximize the richness and diversity of teaching materials。

(Author Unit: Department of Education, Beijing Normal University)