Liu Feng Lu Naiji: The Internet centralization and decentralization dispute
May 21, 2019 08:32 Source: "China Social Sciences" May 21, 2019 Total 1696 Author: Liu Feng Lu Naiji

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Current,Academic and industry circles have different development in the future of the Internet。With Google、Amazon、Facebook、Tencent、Baidu、Alibaba and other Internet giants are constantly strong,That is, when "centralization" is getting stronger,Some people expressed concerns about the centralization trend of the Internet,The sound of rebound is getting louder,People of insight in human society hope to solve this problem,Even the father of Wanwei.com, Tim Berners-Lee,He wants to overthrow the technology he invented,Rebelling the future of the Internet。Blockchain develops with Bitcoin,The characteristics of its "decentralization" are with the above rebound sound.。Which method is more suitable for the future of the Internet? Centralization or decentralization has become a question,How to choose in the future?

  Look at centralization and decentralization from a technical perspective

There are 5 important nodes in the development history of the Internet: the birth of the Internet、TCP/IP invention、Launches of Wanwei.com、The rise of social networks、Large -scale application of mobile communication technology。Among them, Wanwei.com is a very important invention,Not only does the genealogy of cloud computing 20 years later related to its B/S structure,The rise of big data also has a direct relationship with its hyperlinks and super -text technologies,Even blockchain technology that even triggers huge controversy,Also because it is possible to fight the influence of the Wanwei.com in one aspect,So I bet365 live casino games am followed by the world。

Miwei.com was launched by Bernas Lee in the European Nuclear Physics Laboratory (CERN) in the 1990s。In the 1980s,The Internet has begun to grow into world technology、Military、The huge network of information sharing in government agencies,But due to the problem of technical architecture,The information of the Internet is like babies locked in boxes one by one,Passwords and keys need to be required when obtaining,Baby between the boxes cannot get each other。To solve this problem,Bernas Lee proposed the Architecture of the Wanwei Network on the basis of his predecessors,This architecture has two important features: the first is hyperwen and hyperlinks,Its birth has laid the foundation for the formation of later Internet big data; the second is B/S,That is the central architecture,Including Google、Facebook、Tencent、Alibaba、Amazon and other world technology giants and tens of millions of websites are adopting this architecture。to the 21st century,B/S gradually evolved into cloud computing with the emergence of Internet technology giants,The representative and core of becoming the monopoly of the Internet oligarch。

This change is an accident for Bernas Lee,It is also a situation that he cannot tolerate。March 2018,During the 29th anniversary of the birth of Wanwei.com,Bernas Lee writes a public letter,For Facebook、Google and other large Internet companies have criticized,He pointed out that these companies use people's personal data while,Stalling false information。He said,I am more and more worried about the control and more and more information and personal data of a few companies。

The status of monopoly data resources for Internet giants,Bernas Lee tried to reverse this situation bet365 best casino games in person,Solid project founded in 2017,I hope that users can manage their own personal data,instead of stored the data in the data center of each company like the past。Through this software,Users can exist their data in the personal "solid pod",Unless the user allows,Otherwise, other companies cannot get the user's personal data。This is not a problem that the father of Wanwei.com, Bernes Lee, aware of it,The larger group is trying to fight the monopoly position of the Internet giant through blockchain technology,This is a new technical framework formed by combining the combination of per network and password technology in the 1990s,Also want to solve the problems facing the Internet in a decentralized way。centralization and decentralization,It is related to the future of the Internet。

  Look at the centralization and decentralization from a historical perspective

If we review the history of Internet development in the past 50 years,I will find it in surprise,The Internet and many cutting -edge technology are not messy、The competition and disorderly development of your life and my life。Various signs indicate,They can all be regarded as part of a continuous development and mature Internet brain architecture (as shown in the figure)。where,Cloud computing corresponds to the development of central nervous system; the Internet of Things corresponds to the development of sensory nervous system; Industry 4.0、Cloud Machine Robot、Smart Driving、3D printing corresponds to the development of motor nervous system; edge calculation of the development of the corresponding nerve endings; large social network、Mixed Smart、Cloud group intelligence and cloud machine intelligent corresponding to the development of brain neuron network; mobile communication and optical fiber technology corresponding to the development of neurofiber。

Looking back at the evolutionary history of the biological bet365 live casino games brain over the past hundreds of millions of years,We can see,Early early in the biological brain,The shape of the brain is a diffuse neural network,The current jellyfish and anemone are still like this,If the concept of IT technology is used to express the brain structure of this period,It can be regarded as a decentralized similar blockchain mode。But with the evolution of biology,The structure of the brain is becoming more and more complicated,Continue to evolve to fish brain、amphibious animal brain、Capture animal brain、mammalian brain,Finally to the human brain,The central nervous system of the brain is getting more and more complicated,Smart is getting higher and higher,The ability to deal with natural challenges is getting stronger。

Whether it is the evolution of the biological brain from hundreds of millions of years,Still evolved from the Internet for 50 years,We seem to see centralization、The emergence of the central nervous structure is inevitable for the development of the Internet。Use decentralized technology and structure,Lix and overthrow the centralized central nervous technology structure,It is likely that it does not meet the future trend。The biological re -acting law of Hekel in the biological world,The evolution of technology (artificial nature) reproduced the footprint of biological evolution,This is the whole of the creature,Local nervous system is also like the nervous system from the network to centralization。

  The possibility of coexisting centralization and decentralization

Different from technology giants in the industrial era,Google、Amazon、Facebook and other Internet giants because of its cross -regional、Cross -industry、Features of cross -country,It is difficult to be split,This is an enterprise form that has never appeared in human history。In short,,We can draw three conclusions: bet365 Play online games 1. The neuromodization of the Internet conforms to the historical trend; 2. Human beings are gradually realizing that they cannot be controlled by a few people and companies; 3. The Internet giant is difficult to be split。These three conclusions seem to be a dead knot。In the case of assuming that the foundation that is not applied to decentralization is completely subverted to the Internet architecture,A possible way is,The equity of these Internet giants is gradually owned by users or human society in the future。

centralization,means Google、Amazon、Facebook and other world Internet giants enter a certain monopoly state。Data from all human beings、Information、Service、whereabouts、Emotion、Privacy、Knowledge Wealth is controlled by a few companies,The central nervous system of the entire human society is controlled by such a tissue form,Obviously it will cause a bigger and bigger rebound。We should create conditions,Promote artificial intelligence to decentralize around the world、Democratic way development。Like other resources,We cannot let artificial intelligence be concentrated in the hands of a small number of people (or country)。Decentralized blockchain technology may play real value at that time,Monitor and monitor and supervise the common Internet giant of human society,That is to say, you need to deal with social networks、Search Engine、E -commerce and other giants to vote for a vote decision,Blockchain technology is one of the best choices at present,Blockchain technology is one of the best choices at present。

From the technical characteristics of blockchain and cloud computing,In the scientific and technological pattern of future human society,centralized technology and technology giants in providing specific bet365 Play online games services for humans,will dominate; but how to develop、How to allocate profits and other questions,Human beings can vote for decision -making through out -of -central technologies such as blockchain,Therefore, effective control of centralized technology and technology giants。Their complementarity will make the Internet develop more stable and flexibly to the future,Clarifying their relationship may avoid major losses caused by misjudgment。,The current world Internet giants may also constitute a multi -center that restricts each other。

A fundamental problem is,The difference between the law of the biological rearrassment and the technical repeat law。In the case of the former,The object of "repeat" is a biological individual as a complete and unified biological individual。All organ of the individual、Cells and components,Completely "listening to" the overall needs,This is the foundation of the centralized biological brain,It is also a centralized purpose。In the case of the latter,Now Internet,Interest and value pursuit,Each has its own privacy、Interest and value pursuit,even centrifugal separation from each other,Whether these individuals listen to the whole、"cells" without self -consciousness? even so,After the "repeat" is close to the highest stages and consciousness,No "reproducible" mother version,The development of technology may take a different approach。centralization and decentralization,The game or cooperation between the two,It will be a main line for the development of the Internet and artificial intelligence in the future。

  (Author Unit: the School of Virtual Economy and Data Science Research at the Chinese Academy of Sciences; School of Literature, Southeast University)

Editor in charge: Zhang Jing
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