The particularity of a robot as an autonomous subject is that it is neither alive，Not inanimate either。Humans can elicit social cognitive responses from contact with robots。Research shows，The behavior shown by some people towards robots，Similar to behavior exhibited toward pet dogs。Humans are considered a social species，A large part of his intelligence is rooted in sociality。Brentano characterizes the social motivations in bet365 champions league activities as the lower-level intentional characteristics of the mind。This lays the foundation for a special bet365 champions league psychological tendency - anthropomorphism。

Anthropomorphism is when we attribute bet365 champions league forms or attributes to objects in the environment，includes animals、Plants and other physics objects。Psychological research findings，By giving objects bet365 champions league characteristics and motivations，Anthropomorphism can reduce bet365 champions league movement towards interactive objects、Change、The uncertainty of development and the purpose of increasing forecast confidence。In the absence of social contact，Individuals tend to use personification，Creating bet365 champions league autonomy from non-bet365 champions league entities，Meeting the need for social connection。For example，Some people name their cars、Kiss the dice for good luck、Apologizing to childhood toys before throwing them away, etc.。From the story of "Yanshi created man" in "Liezi·Tangwen"，Rumors about Descartes’ doll “Francine”，The hot discussion caused by today’s robot “Sofia”——on the issue of treating robots，Anthropomorphism may have unique value。

Perception of other people’s minds。Either to humans or artifacts，will have an important impact on the subject’s social behavior。Distinguishing these processes at the brain level，Critical to understanding its functional significance and consequences。Then，In the interaction between humans and robots，How the process of anthropomorphism occurs in the brain？Research using functional magnetic resonance imaging technology found that，Brain regions activated when humans engage in anthropomorphism include bilateral temporoparietal junction areas、Parts of the precuneus and medial prefrontal lobe，And involves how we understand and predict the mental states (intentions) of other subjects、Desire、Beliefs, etc.)。For example，Bilateral temporoparietal junction areas are activated when bet365 champions league subjects observe non-bet365 champions league social animations，These animations can trigger autonomy、Attribution of intentions and other mental states。For individuals who report that animated characters' movements are due to increased biological tendencies，The activity in the left temporoparietal junction area and precuneus is relatively high。Compared to predictable gadgets，Unpredictable gadgets increase activity in lateral prefrontal lobe，The former will also lead to more attributions of bet365 champions league psychological states。Exploratory results indicate，The tendency to attribute bet365 champions league states to non-bet365 champions league animals is associated with left temporoparietal junction gray matter volume。

There are at least two forms of personification。The first form relates to the perceived ability of an autonomous agent to act independently (also known as autonomy、bet365 champions league uniqueness or ability)，The second form relates to the ability to feel the object being perceived (also known as experience、Humanity or warmth)。Therefore，Psychologists distinguish between weak and strong forms of anthropomorphism。The difference between the two is，Do people really believe (strong anthropomorphism) or pretend to believe (weak anthropomorphism)，Non-bet365 champions league autonomous subjects have the characteristics of attributed mental states。

Inferring and understanding the behavior of the agent，is a complex mixture of interactive prediction processes，Need to move from perceptual processes (such as action observation and prediction) to mentalization-like processes。Anthropomorphic Observation、Perceiving and predicting the internal state of non-bet365 champions league agents and objects，Belongs to a low-order social perception process，These processes are different from social cognitive processing when encountering bet365 champions league agents。Two-stage processing of anthropomorphism suggests，These early low-order perceptual processes are later supplemented by the use of mentalizing language such as causal reasoning。This will further raise ethical issues in bet365 champions league-computer interaction。

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The artificial intelligence philosophy community is divided into two groups in explaining the ethical issues of bet365 champions league caused by anthropomorphism: "ethical behaviorism" and "ethical appearanceism"。The dispute between the two is，Is it based on the similarity in behavior or appearance between bet365 champions league and humans，To give bet365 champions league ethical status。However，Anthropomorphic neuroscientific research challenges the clear-cut debate above。For example，When an incident occurred in a hotel where a guest kicked the robot and threw it out of the elevator，Public reactions include: “This is so cruel，The robot is so cute” “Sympathize with this robot” “Why bully it”。The appearance and behavior of hotel bet365 champions league are extremely different from humans，But the public can use anthropomorphic low-order perception and high-order mentalization to empathize with bet365 champions league。This forces AI philosophers and scientists to reflect: questions raised by AI，Not a challenge to the universal way of thinking of mankind，But the optimal simulation。

On the surface，If a robot looked like a bet365 champions league，Or act like a bet365 champions league being，So ethically，It may be appropriate to treat robots with some level of respect。For example，This is how "Sofia" obtained Saudi Arabian citizenship。However，From the perspective of anthropomorphism，If it is appropriate to treat a robot that resembles a bet365 champions league in appearance or behavior with some degree of respect and consideration，So is this really for the benefit of the robot?？It’s still just a way to show respect for humans？Or it’s just the projection of some kind of anthropocentrism on the robot？And what consequences will this ethical commitment bring？

At the end of the story "Yanshi Creates Man", "Wang is furious，I want to kill Master Yan”；"Francine" was eventually smashed by the crew and thrown into the sea；“Sofia” is ridiculed as “the Potemkin Village of artificial intelligence”。Obviously，Anthropocentrism is not really conducive to the formation of a good social relationship between humans and robots。Discoveries in neuroscience remind us，There are differences in brain division between low-order perception and high-order mentalization of anthropomorphism，Perceiving a robot as a bet365 champions league being and truly giving it bet365 champions league characteristics are two stages of one cognitive event。Recognize the shortcomings of anthropomorphic artificial intelligence，Helps us rethink in the era of bet365 champions league-computer interaction - out of respect for bet365 champions league nature，Always treat “people” (or robots) as an end in themselves，Contact any "bet365 champions league" (or robot) obvious、Concrete "bet365 champions league nature"，Instead of just using it as a means。As moral philosopher Sven Nyholm pointed out，“The inner life of a robot is essentially robotic。It should not be confused with the inner life of humans or any non-bet365 champions league animal”。

　　(This article is a phased result of the National bet365 champions league Science Fund general project “Research on the Neurophilosophical Approach to Direct Perception of Others” (21BZX005)