Children's philosophy is an emerging quality education practice with children and adolescents。Different from the teaching of traditional philosophy theory，Children's philosophy emphasizes the core of Socrates' anti -quotation method，Carefully organize the topic through teachers，Promote the conversation and discussion of teachers and students，The purpose is to cultivate and improve students' thinking skills and expression ability，and allow students to have a certain philosophical literacy。This special quality education gate category rose in the United States in the 1970s，Subsequently promoted to Europe、Oceania、Latin America and other areas。Current，Children's philosophy also shows a prosperous situation in China，Gradually there are some philosophical stories that aimed at the audience with children、picture book, etc.，Some primary and secondary schools have also opened philosophical courses in the form of interest class。

But，The voice of questioning of children's philosophy has never stopped。Where，A very critical question is: Is it possible for children to receive philosophical training? Very true，Before the birth of children'Bet365 app download s philosophy，Traditional philosophical education is mainly started at the university stage (although some countries or regions will offer a small amount of philosophy courses at high school education，But it is rare in the education stage of elementary and junior high school)。It is not difficult to find，In the past philosophy is generally considered a "academic knowledge of adults"，It is a type of thinking activity that will only be carried out after the mind is completely mature and has been educated.。Some scholars think，Children are in the early stages of cognitive development，Insufficient rational thinking，Do not receive philosophical education; some scholars advocate，Premature philosophical education is actually a rational instilling，Will weaken children's aesthetics or imagination ... Such doubts point to whether children (and early youth) have the ability to receive philosophical education。That is to say，If children do not actually have a cognitive basis for philosophical thinking，Then the legitimacy of children's philosophy will no longer exist。Therefore，Clarify the cognitive basis of children's philosophy，legitimacy of children's philosophy、Development and specific practice are very important。

In fact，The above argument depends to a large extent on the development of psychology on the inquiry of children's cognitive bet365 Play online games ability。The main theoretical basis of the opponent is Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory。Piajie thinks，In the process of children's growth and development into adults，The cognitive development of ordinary people needs to go through four stages: perception exercise stage、Pre -computing stage、Specific operational stage、Formation of the operation stage。Children in different stages have obvious different cognitive methods and thinking ability。According to this theory，Children cannot think about philosophy before entering the form of the form computing (about 11-12 years).。This is because of，Children before this will not think about thinking themselves -this "meta -thinking" ability is considered the core of philosophical thinking，And this is the cognitive ability that has only only had the formal operation stage。Therefore，Children who can be considered as not yet entered this stage，Do not have a cognitive basis for thinking about philosophical thinking。

But，In the past two or three decades，Many psychological studies indicate，Piajie obviously underestimated children's cognitive ability。For example，Alison Gopnik combined with many empirical research pointed out，Preschool children and even 18 -month -old children，It has gradually formed some specific philosophical perspectives，Think and bet365 best casino games explore these views。For example，When children find that the small toys in front of them will occasionally make their base turn on the light，It will be interested in determining the relationship between the placement and lighting by constantly adjusting the position of the small toys。can be found，Children will notice the reason for the placement of toys to be lighting or not，and will actively verify -this means that children have basic judgments of causality between physical events，How to verify the thinking and attempts of this relationship。On ethical issues，Even children who just go to kindergarten can already distinguish non -moral norms and moral norms。other，In self -cognition、Logical reasoning、Related issues such as physical and mental relationships，Children can reflect some unique philosophical tendencies and philosophical thinking。

Researchers and supporters of children's philosophy often point out，Piajie also underestimated children's attention and depth of thinking about philosophical issues。Gareth Matthews indicates a large number of cases，Children often ask philosophical problems in life，For example, "How can we know that everything now is not a dream" "Why is most people's selfishness better than a few people's selfishness" and so on，And will also be keen to discuss these issues、Thinking and questioning。Maybe，Parents or adults Bet365 lotto review will think that these are just children's curiosity about the world，It is based on the improvisation question that I currently see。Thus may cause an objection: children care about the semantics and words of only a specific concept，or I feel confused about a specific situation and ask for improvisation，It does not involve abstraction、Universal concepts and ideological exploration。but，Philosophy originated from humans' surprise and curiosity of various phenomena，Children's all about existence、Self、Moral、Law、Ceremony and other issues and related thinking，It is just a philosophical activity。

This involves a common misunderstanding about children's philosophy -some people think，Children's philosophy is to teach classic philosophical thoughts or theories with the superficial language that children can understand。Actually，There is no mainstream children's philosophy theory agreed with this statement。Although it is said，Children's philosophy is generally considered to be a philosophical education for children，But its ideas and forms emphasize practical interaction rather than theoretical teaching。Educators of children's philosophy are companions for children's philosophical thinking、Organizer and leader，Not a lecturer。It can be said，An important meaning of children's philosophy，It is under the appropriate guidance of the educator，Make children's doubts about specific concepts Bet365 lotto review and situations can transition to abstraction、philosophical thinking of universal problems，and gradually shape good thinking habits and communication skills。

Overall，The cognitive foundation of children's philosophy is based on the criticism of Piajie's cognitive development theory，and observe from scientific empirical research and educational practice，Pointing properly philosophical interaction with children is a activity that conforms to child nature and cognitive development。Very true，Related arguments are not invisible，The debate is still continuing，But the current empirical evidence does question Piajie’s theory to a large extent，and support the basic proposition of children's philosophy。other，Children's philosophy is not a theoretical teaching or rational instilling，"Children's acceptance of logic、Reasonable、The training of demonstration will damage the imagination and aesthetic ability "itself lacks evidence support，and more likely to be a prejudice。In fact，Imagination is considered an important ability for philosophical thinking，Aesthetics is an important issue that philosophy cares about，Good children's philosophical practice should be promoted rather than hindering the development of these important cognitive capabilities or virtues。

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