Since the reform and opening up，my country's social and economic development has achieved world -renowned achievements，But the resource is short of shortage、Environmental pollution、Soil and soil loss and other problems are becoming increasingly obvious。In recent years，my country's continuous deepening of the connotation of ecological civilization and implementation。The Yangtze River Delta (hereinafter referred to as the "Yangtze River Delta") is my country's highest openness、One of the most active areas of the economy，According to the national strategic deployment，The area will further commit to integrated development，The first to form a new development pattern。Taking the Tahu Plain and Huaibei Plain as examples，From the history of water management。

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The Yangtze River Delta originally refers to the Yangtze River flowing into the East China Sea、Gradually sedimentation、The plane formed in the estuary area is a triangular accumulation body。From the partition of natural geography，The Yangtze River Delta is located in the east of Yangzhou and Zhenjiang，Northern Follow the Yangtze River to Xiaoyangkou，The south includes Taihu Plain to Hangzhou Bay，About 40,000 square kilometers。The early 1980s，The State Council decided to establish a Shanghai Economic Zone in the Yangtze River Delta，It is not an administrative division，Different from the past big collaboration zone。1990，Some scholars propose the concept of "regional economic integration"。After 2000，Formed a containing Jiang、Zhejiang、The Yangtze River Delta area of ​​the two provinces and cities of Shanghai，The area is about 220,000 square kilometers。In recent years, it has increased Anhui Province，Form the large and long triangle area of ​​the three provinces and one city，an area of ​​358,000 square kilometers，accounting for about 3.7%of my country's total land area。As of 2018，The resident population of the Yangtze River Delta is 220 million，GDP reaches Bet365 lotto review 21 trillion yuan (accounting for 23.5%of the country's total)，Has a pivotal role in my country's economic construction。

According to research，There are more than 300 myths in the world about floods，Among them, the narrative poem of King Gilgamesh, King of Babylon, is one of the earliest legends，The story of Noah's Ark in the Bible comes from this。The record of the origin of Chinese civilization is no exception，Like other civilizations，It also describes a period when the world is flooded。Dayu successfully cure water，thus becoming the ancestor and saint of China，Its water treatment skills are also recorded in China's earliest geography work、In the "Yugong" in the Warring States Period。According to "Yugong" record，The area where the Taihu Plain is located today belongs to Yangzhou，"Jue Caowei，Juemu Weiqiao，Jue Tuwei apply mud，Jue Tian Wei below，Juefu goes up and wrong "。Low dampness，In Kyushu，This field can only be ranked ninth，Gongfu Ending 7。but，This situation has changed since the Tang Dynasty。According to the record of Qiu Jun in the Ming Dynasty，The Tang Dynasty Han Yu said, "Pay the world，and Jiangnan Ju 19。To the present view，East Zhejiang、West Zhejiang lives in Jiangnan nineteen，and Su、Song、Frequently、Jia、Lake Five Mansion，Living in Liangzhe Nineteen "。

The reason why the Taihu Plain has quickly become the national economic center of focus，There are two main reasons。First, the local population increases。Three important immigrants south in Chinese history，The Yongjia Rebellion caused by the civil chaos of the first clan of the first clan of the Western Jin Dynasty (the first year of Yongjia，307)、The Anshi Rebellion in the 14th year of Tianbao (755) in the Tang Dynasty and the population of the first year of Jingbing (1126) in Jingkang (1126) in the Northern Song Dynasty，Every time it takes decades or even a century or even a century，Taihu Plain becomes the first choice for the above immigration。Second, the local people dredge the river，Set the weir gates，Construction of water conservancy project，Create fields around the lake，Reform environment。In the early Northern Song Dynasty to the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty，Warm climate warmth has bet365 Play online games led to rising sea plane，The highest sea surface is about one meter higher than the modern sea.，As a result of the frequent water affected by the Taihu area in the Taihu area of ​​the Song Dynasty, it is still。To resist water，Local residents built sea ponds and seaside (such as Fan Gongdi)、Frequent dredging river channel。When the sea plane tends to stabilize，These water conservancy facilities continue to play a role。Another，The development of the Sui and Tang Dynasties has also promoted the prosperity of the economy of the district。

to the Ming and Qing Dynasties，The Yangtze River Delta region has become a wealthy area due to its superior natural environment and geographical location、Cai Fu and Humanities。Taking the number of Jinshi as an example，From the four years of Ming Hongwu (1371) to the 30th year of the Qing Dynasty (1904)，The core area of ​​the Yangtze River Delta is admitted to 7877 people，15%of the country，Occupy the leader。Jiangnan Jinshi not only has a large number，And its subject test is also the most prominent in the country。Ming Dynasty No. 1，There are as many as 21 people from the Jiangnan area，Nearly a quarter。Qing Dynasty No. 1，There are as many as 58 people in Jiangnan.，account for more than half。

This can be seen，Although the two Song Dynasty was affected by the rise of the sea in the Song Dynasty，The environment of Taihu Plain once deteriorated，But active intervention through human activities，Economy in this area、Social and cultural development is not greatly affected。The history of the water treatment of Taihu Plain tells us about a story that is active in relationships。

　　Huaibei Plain Water Treatment has been limited for a long time

Comparison of comparison，Huaibei General is not as lucky as Taihu Plain。Because of the long -term affected by the Bet365 lotto review lower reaches of the Yellow River, it is influenced by Huai Huai，Local Local Land、A region where economic and culture is relatively prosperous has become a hometown of poverty。1128，The Northern Song Tokyo stays in Du Chong to prevent the golden people from going south，Donate with the water with the water，Decons of River in the area around Jixian County, Henan Province today，As a result, another big revision in the history of the Yellow River。The lower reaches of the Yellow River is changed from the Hebei Plain to Huaibei Plain，Converge with the Huaihe River，Flowing to the Yellow Sea east。During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty，Pan Jizhao proposed the theory of "beam water attack sand"，Hongze Lake，Perform the ride of riverside by "storing and clearing yellow"。Since then，The lower reaches of the river in the Yellow River has been fixed for a long time in Zhengzhou -Xuzhou -Huai'an front line。until 1855，The Yellow River is returned to the north of Tongwa Chamber of Henan Province today，Under artificial intervention，Only the river channel is gradually formed。

With the change of the river management strategy，The area influenced by the lower part of the Yellow River also occurred in space.。In the early days of winning Huai，The Yellow River is mainly in the form of diversion，Remove the Huaihe River in the Huaihe River with a tributary of Huaihe River，Due to the tributary of the Laohe River north of the Huaihe River due to the western south of the Yellow River，Therefore, the Huaibei Plain, which mainly affects the east of the River。Most towns in this area are located in the flooding plain and river lake depression，Low terrain，It is easy to occur in disasters。People in order to resist the frequent Yellow River flood，or move the city，or shrinking city，or build a moat。After Pan Jiman used the embankment to fix the Bet365 lotto review lower reaches of the Yellow River,，Located in yellow、Huai、Hongze Lake at the intersection of Yun Sanhe became the Yellow River in the Ming and Qing Dynasties、Maintain the weight of the normal operation of the canal。Hongze Lake West、North、Three sides of the south are natural lake shores，It is maintained by the east side of the artificial embankment。In order to wash the downstream river beds that are constantly being stained by the Yellow River,，It can only continue to raise the water level of Hongze Lake with the rise of the lower reaches of the Yellow River。From this，Hongze Lake embankment from low to high、from short to long，Hongze Lake also from childhood to big，The water level is constantly raising。During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty，Hongze Lake is blocked by the rivers that are raised in the lower reaches of bet365 best casino games the Huaihe River，Lakes have to find Sanhekou in the southeast，Passing Gaoyou、Baoying and other places rivers and lakes，flowing to Yangzhou into the Yangtze River。So far，Most lakes still take this road。Hongze Lake at the bottom of the northern Jiangsu Plain 4-8 meters，Become a "hanging lake"。

With the rise of the water level of Hongze Lake，tributaries are blocked，The water outstream of the Huaihe River is not smooth，Drainage along the town along Huai Huai is generally blocked。Facing flood disasters that occur frequently，The local people have taken a series of measures，Including dredging the river、Build a moat、Human -raised ground in the city, etc.。Except for the construction of water conservancy，They also adjust the planting method and the way of making a living。Facing the harsh natural environment of this area，Most local officials are positive attitudes，It is believed that the natural disaster is inevitable，But human intervention can play a role in reducing disasters。They actively deal with，or transformation，or adaptive。but but，Some people can only pass another relatively convenient way to make a living.，The generation of Fengyang Beggar Group is an example。Fengyang has the division of Da Fengyang and Xiao Fengyang，"Xiao Fengyang" is today's Fengyang County，"Dafengyang" indicates the Fengyang Mansion set by the dynasty。"Xiao Fengyang" was originally Zhongli County，It is the hometown of the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty。Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the next year，Order ordered to be built in Fengyang，and set up Fengyang Mansion with it as the center。This is a special administrative division on both sides of the Huaihe River，Jurisdiction over 9 states and 18 counties。In order to quickly change the poverty of your hometown，Zhu Yuanzhang In addition to upgrading through the political district、Improve the political status of my hometown，It also adopts the method of forcibly immigration from the Taihu Plain and other places。Although the court implemented preferential policies in politics and economy，But the district finally fell into a famous hometown of beggars，This is closely related to the continuous deterioration of the natural bet365 best casino games environment caused by the Yellow River.。Water sufferings will also drag down the original wealthy area，For example，Due to the end of the water，Shouzhou, located south of Huaihe River, has fallen from a wealthy countryside to poverty -stricken and backward areas，"Shouzhou used to be called Fujiang，Lost of the country's country，Military Queen，Cultural affairs are not open，Wu Bei also gradually relaxed，This is not him，From the end of the water, "。Huaiyuan's original reading atmosphere，But the frequent and long -lasting water not only drags down the local economy，and lowered its cultural development level。

Since the Bet365 lotto review lower reaches of the Yellow River in 1128, it will start Huai Huai for a long time，The history of water treatment of Huaibei Plain is limited by the level of social development and national governance capabilities，It is difficult to improve。After the founding of New China，Huaihe River becomes the first big river to be governed。Through Tongjiang River through dredging、Digging new measures to enter the sea，The Huaibei Plain has really achieved sustainable development。

　　Take corresponding prevention measures

We can see the history of water control through the two regions of the Yangtze River Delta in history，The history of water treatment of Taihu Plain is a process that is gradually good，But the water treatment effect of the Huaibei Plain is very small，The reason is that the water level of Hongze Lake is continuously raised。From this reminding us of global warming environmental problems，Global warming will lead to rising sea level。Temporary reports based on the World Meteorological Organization on global climate status in 2020，Climate change is still continuing，The global average temperature from January to October 2020 is about 1.2 ℃ higher than before industrialization，It may be one of the three warmest three years since the record。Although the water level of Hongze Lake cannot be raised on the same day as the rise of the sea level，But in the historical period of Hongze Lake, the water level that has always been high in Hongze Lake is equivalent to providing us with a historical experience of the seas of seas in the small area。Historical encounters on the Huaibei Plain and Huaihe River，Provided us with a warning。bet365 Play online games The construction of ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Delt，and take corresponding prevention measures，To better achieve sustainable development。

Although the Yangtze River Delta is an artificial area，But the water system in this area has been excavated from spring and autumn、Build a canal，Achieve interconnection。During the Xianfeng period，The lower reaches of the Huaihe River will be changed from the Yangzhou Sanjiang Camp to the Yangtze River，It has become a tributary of the Yangtze River since then。Therefore，The water system in the Yangtze River Delta has long been integrated through artificial and natural effects。For the comprehensive remediation of the regional water system，We can also consider establishing a river length system based on the Yangtze River Delta region，and strengthen the Yangtze River、The water and water conservation work in the Huaihe River and Qiantang River and the upstream areas。

(The author is a professor at History and Geography Research Center of Fudan University)