The outstanding feature of global bet365 new user promo (the term "world bet365 new user promo" in this article is synonymous with it) is the use of a broad spatial perspective in research，No more emphasis on individual nations or civilizations，Focus instead on immigration、Conquest、Nation caused by trade、Product、Cross-regional interaction of ideas。Just like William H, the founder of global bet365 new user promo research. McNeil thinks，"What we call world bet365 new user promo，Emphasis on movements across eras and spaces、Interaction and transformation”。American "World bet365 new user promo Association" (World bet365 new user promo Association)，Former WHA Chairman Alfred J. Andre also thinks so，“World historians focus on large-scale historical ‘connections and interactions’；World bet365 new user promo is ‘not’ a simple superposition of national or regional bet365 new user promo，In short，World bet365 new user promo is the study of transnational countries、Cross-region、bet365 new user promo across cultural boundaries”。

　　The rise and development of early global bet365 new user promo

　1963，William H. McNeil publishes "The Rise of the West"，Historical circles generally regard this as a sign of the birth of global bet365 new user promo。1970s，World bet365 new user promo as one of the core courses of general education，Beginning to appear in 2-year and 4-year colleges and universities in the United States，To replace or supplement the "bet365 new user promo of Western Civilization" or "Area Studies" courses that have been popular for decades。For example，1974，Five teachers from the University of California, San Diego formed a two-semester "Introduction to World bet365 new user promo" teaching team。Since the 1980s，More and more American middle schools offer world bet365 new user promo courses。This prompted public and community colleges to offer world bet365 new user promo，Cultivating middle school world bet365 new user promo teachers。To promote the teaching of world bet365 new user promo in universities and secondary schools，1982，The American "World bet365 new user promo Association" was established。The charter of the society，In the 9-member Executive Committee，At least 2 people are middle school bet365 new user promo educators，The purpose is to bring "university professor、College and community college teachers、Middle school teacher、Graduate student、Independent scholars gather，Form a society that is more academically and professionally focused”。Mid-1980s，Following Philip D. After Curtin enrolled a graduate student in world bet365 new user promo at the University of Wisconsin，Jerry H. Bentley and others are recruiting graduate students in world bet365 new user promo at the University of Hawaii and other universities。

　1987，The California State Board of Education calls for all junior high schools and high schools to study world bet365 new user promo for three years。This helped activate world bet365 new user promo curriculum reform in several other states。1992-1994，With funding from the U.S. federal government，A large number of teachers and citizen organizations participated in the development of national standards for teaching world bet365 new user promo in the United States for grades 1-12，Had an important influence on world bet365 new user promo teaching in several states。1994，The "World Online" (H-World) world bet365 new user promo academic and educational online discussion funded by Michigan State University is launched，Promote humanities、Art、Exchange among social science professionals。1994，The Founding Center for bet365 new user promo and New Media at George Mason University，“Digital media and technologies for preserving and presenting bet365 new user promo online、Changing scholarship in the humanities、Promote historical education and understanding”，The center also provides a large number of original historical materials on world bet365 new user promo。

　　"World bet365 new user promo" as a Teaching Course

Global bet365 new user promo as a course taught in universities and secondary schools，Is an important prerequisite for its rapid development。Since entering the 21st century，The rapid development of global bet365 new user promo courses in American middle schools is mainly reflected in the following aspects。

First，2001，Funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities，A group of teachers founded the World bet365 new user promo for Us All project at UC San Diego，For junior high school、High schools provide world bet365 new user promo teaching model courses。Later，The project evolved into UCLA’s National Center for Teaching bet365 new user promo in Schools。

Second，2002，The American “College Board” introduces the “AP World bet365 new user promo” course and exam into high schools。In order to obtain the qualification to be exempted from taking world bet365 new user promo courses at the university level in the future，The number of high school students taking the exam has increased dramatically。The first exam in 2002，20995 candidates。By 2015，265308 candidates，Grown about 12 times。The number of European bet365 new user promo and American bet365 new user promo preparatory courses candidates during the same period，Only increased by 55 respectively.7% and 106.2%。

　Third，2003，The free and open electronic version of "World bet365 new user promo Connected" is online。It is based on the University of Illinois，Edited by Hawaii Pacific University，The goal is to "connect middle school teachers and university teachers who have been separated for a long time，Introducing effective teaching methods of world bet365 new user promo”，Provide readers with "the latest information on world bet365 new user promo research and debate"。2012-2013，World bet365 new user promo scholars and teachers initiated the establishment of the "World bet365 new user promo Learning Alliance"。

　Fourth，World bet365 new user promo textbooks with a global perspective are constantly emerging。Some traditional world bet365 new user promo textbooks continue to add non-Western bet365 new user promo，World bet365 new user promo textbooks with a global perspective are very popular，Like Jerry H. "New Global bet365 new user promo" edited by Bentley、"The Joining and Dividing of the World" by Robert Tagero, etc.。What these world bet365 new user promo textbooks with a global perspective have in common is that they break through the traditional Western “rule of thirds” (ancient times) of dividing world bet365 new user promo into periods.、Middle Ages、Modern)，Arrange chapters around major themes in world bet365 new user promo that cross regional and cultural boundaries。

　"World bet365 new user promo" as a Research Field

1990，The first issue of "World bet365 new user promo Magazine"，Provides an important platform for world bet365 new user promo research。Although there have been many previous research works on global bet365 new user promo，But the founding of this magazine is one of the symbols of the formation of a professional research field in global bet365 new user promo。2006，London School of Economics and Political Science publishes "Journal of Global bet365 new user promo" for the first time。Together they provide a platform for publishing papers on global bet365 new user promo research。2007，The first issue of "New Global Studies"。2008，“Global bet365 new user promo and World bet365 new user promo Network” was founded in Dresden, Germany，Aims to promote connections between scholars。Global bet365 new user promo pays special attention to the interactions between different groups in human bet365 new user promo，So large-scale population migration、Cross-cultural trade、Species spread、Ideological and cultural exchange、Spread of disease、Environmental changes have become the main themes of his research。Since entering the 21st century，Global bet365 new user promo research papers continue to emerge，Really shows that it has formed a research field，Performed by the following aspects。

First，Research on world immigration bet365 new user promo and cross-cultural trade bet365 new user promo has achieved outstanding results。Two masterpieces that discuss the bet365 new user promo of immigration from a global perspective，One is "Interactive Culture - Migration in the Second Millennium of the World" by Delk Hödel，The other is "Migration in World bet365 new user promo" by Patrick Manning。The former is based on population migration、Business trade、Cultural exchange is the standard，Divide large-scale population migration and cultural exchanges in human bet365 new user promo into 5 stages；The latter emphasizes that immigration in world bet365 new user promo is one of the driving forces of social change。

Two masterpieces of cross-cultural trade research，One is "The Origins of Globalization: World Trade and the Making of the Global Economy (1500-1800)" by Pim de Zwart and Jan Luiten von Zanden，It mainly discusses economic globalization from 1500 to 1800 and its impact on global economic development，Answer to how global interactions shape the global economy and lead to changes in its various components。The other is "Trade: Manila Galleon and the Dawn of the Global Economy" by Arturo Girardez。It believes that the Manila Galleon not only enables the continents of the earth to interact continuously，And make the Atlantic Ocean、Indian Ocean、The Pacific Ocean establishes an uninterrupted connection，Thus shaping the modern world。

Second，Global historians have compiled and published two large encyclopedias of global bet365 new user promo。The first one is William H. "Berkshire Encyclopedia of World bet365 new user promo" edited by McNeil (first edition 2005，Second Edition 2010)。He said in the preface，“World bet365 new user promo focuses on the interactive relationships between nations and communities in various eras in human bet365 new user promo。This book is not a bet365 new user promo of this country or that community，But explore the bet365 new user promo of women and men throughout the world，A bet365 new user promo shared by all humans，Because they are all humans”。Although MacNeil divides world bet365 new user promo into foraging、Three stages of agriculture and modernity，But the whole book is divided into 34 topics、538 entries arranged in alphabetical order。The other one is Alfred J."Encyclopedia of World bet365 new user promo" edited by Andre (2011)。Andre said in the preface，“World historians focus on large-scale historical ‘connections and interactions’；World bet365 new user promo is ‘not’ a simple superposition of national or regional bet365 new user promo，In short，World bet365 new user promo is the study of transnational countries、Cross-region、bet365 new user promo across cultural boundaries”。This book divides world bet365 new user promo into 9 eras，With "Population and Environment、Society and Culture、Immigration and Travel、Politics and National Governance、Economy and Trade、War and Diplomacy、Ideology and Religion、Science and Technology” 8 major themes organized content。

　Third，Merry E.The 7-volume "Cambridge World bet365 new user promo" (2015) edited by Wisner-Hanks is published。Since Lord Acton planned the Cambridge Modern bet365 new user promo，Cambridge University Press has always aimed to publish "the largest and most comprehensive historical work in the English-speaking world"。Wisner-Hanks claims that his "Cambridge bet365 new user promo of the World" "both follows and breaks the examples set by predecessors"，But the book divides world bet365 new user promo into 7 eras，Overview of major themes in world bet365 new user promo in about 200 essays，This means that "Cambridge World bet365 new user promo" is both comprehensive，Contains all major historical issues，But not exhaustive”。Publication of "Cambridge World bet365 new user promo"，It is one of the signs that global bet365 new user promo has entered the mainstream Western bet365 new user promo。

　Fourth，Research on “Ocean bet365 new user promo” under the influence of global perspective。For example，Since the 1980s，The emerging "Atlantic bet365 new user promo" gradually replaces the traditional bet365 new user promo of colonialism or imperialism，Putting the Atlantic in a global context，Not only studies transatlantic exchanges，And focus on the interaction between the Atlantic and the rest of the world。

　Fifth，The global impact of global bet365 new user promo。Since 1990，Except Western languages，Scholars from non-Western countries use their own national language (such as Russian、Polish、Arabic、Turkish、Kazakh、Hindi、Indonesian、Thai、Vietnamese、Chinese, Japanese, etc.) wrote macro world bet365 new user promo works。

After decades of efforts by scholars，Remarkable achievements have been made in global bet365 new user promo teaching and research。But，The development of global bet365 new user promo also faces several challenges。First，How to break “Western-centrism”。Western scholars add non-Western content and length to textbooks or research papers，This is just the first step to break away from “Western-centrism”，Non-Western scholars should thoroughly eliminate it through solid research。Second，How to reconcile the contradiction between "horizontal interaction" and "vertical depth"。Global bet365 new user promo emphasizes horizontal cross-culture、Cross-region、Interaction across nation states，Enriching our understanding of world bet365 new user promo，But it also ignores specific regions、National bet365 new user promo。Third，As some scholars pointed out，Global bet365 new user promo needs to strengthen “comprehensive research based on original historical materials and even archival materials，Accurate、In the process of high-quality storytelling，Carefully look for the interrelationships between the various parts”。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of bet365 new user promo, Capital Normal University)