Since the 20th century，Chinese literary criticism keeps advancing forward，Continuous impact on literary theory and literary creation。Although Chinese literary criticism is affected by Western studies after the May 4th，But Chinese traditional literary theory resources still play an important role，and become an important dimension for the construction criticism system。

　　Bet365 app download

Literary criticism has a clear history from the date of generation、Society、Political Direction。After the Renaissance，Although the aesthetic standard of "non -utilitarian" gradually prevails in the field of Western literary criticism，But the disadvantages are like shadow。Literary criticism is from top to bottom，Still bottoming up，Is it a personal carnival，Still follow public rationality，Causes long -term discussion。With the birth of Marxism，This question was answered。Marxist literary criticism theory starting point is literary practice，Pursuing the integration of historical rationality and aesthetic judgment in the judgment standard。The typical example of this aspect is Marx、Engels to Ma Haknis、Min Coski、Paul Ensst、Ferdinan Lhasar and other writers' guidance，and communication with these writers to Shakespeare、Schiller、Balzak and other writers comments。

At present，The article "The Grand Student" published in the "Bulletin" published in the "Bulletin" in February 1899 was the earliest introduction to Marx and its thoughts to China。Since then，Ellapea、Japan is an intermediary，Scholars have introduced the basic concepts of Marxist literary criticism into China，"Literature and the present Russia" translated by Zheng Zhenduo、Wang Tongzhao'bet365 live casino games s "New Russian Art Talk"、Chen Wang's "The Latest Status of the Literature in Japan"、Qu Qiubai's "Outreade Education and Proletarian Cultural Movement"、"Russian Literature and Revolution" translated by Shen Yanbing，Both the spread of Marx's classic text and thought in China。1932，Qu Qiubai introduced the Marx classic literary discussion system to China，Some critics start from the inherent demands of literary criticism，Materialism thought、The concept of proletariat、Introduction to the masses' consciousness。

Early 20th -century critics represented by Lu Xun often have the above features。Although some of them negate traditional culture on the surface，But the spirit of traditional culture is the eternal gene in their body。Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium" (hereinafter referred to as "Speech") mentioned many times in Lu Xun，This article was published on October 19, 1943 Lu Xun's 7th anniversary，The editor at the time published the article "The greatest and most heroic flag bearer in commemorating the Chinese cultural revolution"。Since then Lu Xun's position in the history of modern Chinese literature has also been further consolidated。It seems today，Lu Xun plays an intermediary role between modern literary criticism and ancient literary and art criticism，The "traditional discourse" unique to China on its body，Make it a prominent representative in China's modern mainstream literary criticism system。or，Ancient "Zai Dao" tradition、Lu Xun、There is a subtle logical relationship between the three "Speaking"，Lu Xun is an intermediary，Ancient tradition is source，"Speaking" is power。With the help of Lu Xun's learning and admiration，Modern mainstream literature and art criticism can be formed。

It can be said，Chinese mainstream literary criticism in the 20th century "for life"，The theoretical Bet365 lotto review advanced service of the "The Vast People" service in "Speaking"，In essence, it is still continuing the traditional "trading" idea。This aspect illustrates the tenacious vitality of Chinese traditional literary concepts，On the other hand, it also originated from the internal consistency between Marxist "Practice" and "Taoism"。The essence of practice is to start from reality，Services for reality。In class society，The purpose of practice always serves the direction of advanced productivity。Actually，Mainstream Literary Criticisms to Lu Xun、The spirit of "Speaking"、Pay attention to the effect of literary and artistic society，I am talking to the spiritual criticism of ancient Chinese literary and art criticism，This also constitutes the Chinese face of Marxist literary criticism。

　　Traditional literary theory resources and realism

With the convening of the first conference (1949) and the second conference (1953)，On the basis of vigorous prosperity of socialist literature，"Speaking" has a broader influence。At the first conference，Mao Dun summarized and reflected on the literary and artistic situation of the decade before the founding of New China，Zhou Yang summarized the achievements and experiences made by the Liberation Zone since "Speaking"，Report entitled "Literature and Art of the New People"。Compared to Mao Dun's report，Zhou Yang's report pays more attention to "nation's" and "folk" literary tradition。

At the Second Congress，Zhou Yang's report "Struggle to Create more excellent literary and artistic works"，Again "The new literature and art cannot develop from the tradition of the nation，Only when it correctly absorbs the essence of its national heritage，It can really become the people "，Both the "rough attitude" that opposes national heritage，Also against the conservative style of "Mo Shoucheng"。Another contribution of Zhou Yang's report is the emphasis on the Bet365 app download "typical" problem，In the report, the general conceptualization and formulating of literary creation in the early days of the founding of New China reflected，and use Marxist thought as the theoretical basis，The combination of academicity and political nature is well realized。It can be said，His report, together with the 1956 "Mission to Construction of Socialist Literature", maximizes the mechanical errors in literary creation，It provides a reference for the healthy development of New China's literature and art。

From the perspective of academic,，New China Early Literary Creation、The basic guidance principle of literary criticism is realism。Under its influence，Typical problems and image thinking problems have become two wings of Chinese literary and artistic body，Classical literary concepts and conceptual terms have gained the opportunity to recover again。First look at typical problems。After Zhou Yang，Cai Yi、Wu group、Feng Wenbing and others may directly fulfill the theory，or the scope of the expansion indication，expanded its influence。Discussion around typical，Many classical art criticism began to get new quality。For example, articles such as "" Artistic Concert "and" Typical First Exploration "and other articles will interpret the typical and artistic conception。It seems today，Although these are slightly far -fetched than the attachment，But with the help of typical promotion, the artistic conception restores vitality。Discussion on typical issues，Last until the mid -1980s，Most literary theory researchers and aesthetic researchers have participated in it，Ancient art criticism terms and principles also obtained the opportunity to survive。

Secondly, look at the borrowing of classical resources。similar to "typical"，"Image Thinking" problem is the explicit discourse of Chinese literary criticism scene from the 1950s to the mid -1980s。The influence is wide、Bet365 lotto review Participate in scholars、The length of the historical span left a strong stroke in the history of Chinese contemporary literature and art theory。From the end of 1977 to the beginning of 1978，"People's Daily" and "Poetry" and other newspapers have published "Chairman Mao to talk to Comrade Chen Yi about a letter to Comrade Chen Yi"，Believers Compare、Rich and image thinking。After publishing，It has a great impact on the academic community，Scholars have expressed their views on image thinking，For example, Cai Yi has articles such as "The Logical Characteristics of Poetry and the Logical Characteristics of Poems", "Poetry's Fa and the Logical Characteristics of Image Thinking"，Zhu Guangqian also bluntly said in the revised version of "History of Western Aesthetics" in 1979，After reading this letter, "A stuffy stomach that has been stunned for more than ten years is unobstructed"，From this to see，The mainstream discourse on the influence on the literary world。

The 1980s，For the consideration of establishing and improving the subject system，Literature、Aesthetic discipline is gradually valued，"Aesthetic Fever" once appeared。It can be said，"Image Thinking" is both a participant in aesthetic boom，It is also the constructor of this trend，The "Image" research that emerged from the mid -1980s to the 1990。Actually，It is because of the close connection between "image" and image thinking，Make it exceed other aesthetic categories，Classical discourse in the field of contemporary literature criticism。

　　Constructing a literary criticism system with Chinese characteristics

It has been more than 20 years in entering the 21st century，Contemporary Literature and Art "Hundred Flowers" and "Hundred Family Contention" are more fully、More thorough embodiment。During this period of view of ancient and contemporary dialogue，There is regrets，There are also gratifying things。Regrets are reflected Bet365 app download in two aspects: First of all，The ancient literary and artistic research and contemporary literary criticism are still in a clear situation。Next，Although the sound of "ancient literary theory modern transformation" in the field of literary theory，But the actual results are not satisfactory，Many ancient literary discourse has not been widely recognized，The scope of use is very limited。

The prevalence is reflected Bet365 app download in two aspects: First，At the theoretical construction level，Many researchers still have an optimistic attitude that runs through ancient and modern。"Chinese Narrative Studies" and "Chinese Interpretation Studies" and other theoretical construction has aroused the attention of academic circles。With the gradual improvement of academic theory，These studies will enter the mainstream criticism words。Second，At the level of popularity，Classical and contemporary docking provides possibilities for the survival of traditional criticism。Television culture programs represented by "Hundred Family Forums" and "Chinese Poetry Conference"，To a certain extent, the effect of resurrected tradition，Platform for classical poetry creation by relying on artificial intelligence (such as "Nine Songs" developed by Tsinghua University)，provides a test field for the activation of traditional criticism words。

In the background of the new era，The voices of constructing a literary criticism system with national characteristics are becoming stronger，and become a cultural consciousness。In October 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the art work symposium，"It is guided by Marxism literary theory，Inheritance Innovation Innovation Outstanding Heritage Heritage of Chinese Literary and Art Criticism Theory "，"Dare to seek truth from facts in artistic quality and level，For various bad literary works、Phenomenon、Thinking tide dares to bet365 live casino games show attitude "。These advocates not only really pushed the excellent heritage of ancient literary criticism theory from behind the scenes，At the same time, it also shows the emphasis on reality、Practice is the first attitude。Traditional literary criticism resources are more closely combined with contemporary criticism practice，will help the construction of the literary criticism system with Chinese characteristics。

　(Author Unit: School of Journalism and Communication of Heilongjiang University; School of Literature, Heilongjiang University)