The pre -Qin Central Plains and the northern cultural exchanges are long -lasting
September 27, 2021 08:34 Source: "China Social Sciences" September 27, 2021 Issue 2258 Author: Zhang Weilian Duan Hongzhen

Pre -Qin Times,There is a long -term cultural interaction and communication between the Central Plains Cultural District with Songshan as the core and the northern cultural district with Yanshan as the horizontal axis。The main regions of its cultural confrontation and integration are in the Yellow River Basin,But the main way is located in the eastern foot area of ​​Taihang,This narrow mountain zone in the north and south has therefore become a corridor in the dual sense of geography and culture。On this corridor,Central Plains settled in agricultural culture and the northern settings or moved agricultural and animal husbandry culture、The long -lasting fusion of the Central Plains and the Northern ethnic group,Remove and promote the formation and growth of the Chinese nation。

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Ancient period,Central Plains Cultural District takes the region of Henan as the core,The type of raw industry belongs to the agricultural economy,is the birthplace of the Huaxia group、Formation of the place and core residence,Xia Shang's Wednesday generation has based on the establishment of the Kingdom of the Huaxia group,and bred the unified Qin Dynasty。The North Cultural Area is the two wing areas with Yin Mountain -Yanshan front line,The type of raw industry is pushed with time to settle in agriculture、Then the farming and animal husbandry also operates or move the agricultural and animal husbandry,Finally transition to the nomadic economy,The residents belong to the ethnic group outside the Huaxia group,Often, due to the changes in climate and environmental factors, invaded the Central Plains region south。

The vast area between Central Plains and the North is the Loess Plateau and the North China Plain,The Taihang Mountains are the division of the plateau and the plain。and Taihang Mountain -Wumu Mountain -Wushan -Xuefeng Mountain first -line,The dividing line of the second ladder of China and the third ladder。So,Taihang Shanshan Femic Plastic Plain areas have become traffic roads that communicate south and north。In terms of climate,The front line of the Taihang Mountains is roughly 600 mm years and other precipitation lines,Or the junction bet365 best casino games of temperate sub -humid and sub -arid areas。This is the natural basis that settled in the transition zone of farming and moved agricultural and animal husbandry culture,It is also a material basis formed by the two major economic and cultural areas of Central Plains and the North。

We call the long -term low mountain hills and mountain plains of Taihang Shanshan as a cultural corridor,It is mainly based on geographical environmental factors and cultural background factors。At the natural geographical level,Taihang Shanshan Mountain、East to Bohai、Nankang Songshan、Nankang Songshan,Self -made a relatively independent geographical unit。The lower reaches of the Yellow River in the pre -Qin Dynasty took the road in the Hebei Plain into the Bohai Sea,The narrow mountain plain between the north and south between the ancient Yellow River and the Taihang Mountains is just like a north -south corridor。This geographical corridor is both a traffic road in the north and south directions,The communication bridge in the direction of the east and west。At the cultural background,Taihang Shanshan foot in the pre -Qin era is in the north and Central Plains、The seam zone between the West and the Oriental Cultural Area,That is the corridor area between different archaeological and cultural areas,Among them, the most normal and prominent is the communication and collision between the Central Plains and the north。This is directly related to the expansion of the core area of ​​the Central Plains in the pre -Qin era and the growth of the Huaxia group。

Because it is in the cultural corridor area,Taihang Shanshan foot becomes a unique cultural block,Occupy important positions in the structure of the structural system of the cultural districts in the pre -Qin Dynasty。The evolution of the pre -Qin culture in this area presents a complex corridor cultural characteristics,Breeding in the local culture of the region,It is deeply influenced by the Quartet culture,Some periods are even overwhelmed by the cultural coverage of the neighboring district。In most times,Cultural interaction is from north and south to the main trunk、East and West communication is tributary,and east -west interoperability often remit into the mainstream of the north and south。Under the comprehensive effect of this complex situation,This area is born in ancient civilization in the lower reaches of the Yellow River,then Bet365 lotto review directly affects the formation of three generations of civilization。After the East Zhou Dynasty,Northern Nomadic Cultural Area formally formed,Central Plains Agriculture and Northern Nomadics have been concentrated in the eastern foot of Taihang in the middle of Taihang for a long time,collision and fusion of each other。The result not only promoted the expansion and growth of the Central Plains Huaxia people,And has always affected the rise and fall of the Huaxia Empire。So,Taihang Shanshan Following Area has a very important and special cultural corridor meaning in Chinese history。

  Sifang culture flows here

Taihang Shanshan foot area is not only a relatively independent geographical unit,It is a unique cultural area。Pre -Qin Times,Sifang culture flows here,But in the end it is in the interactive situation of North and South。After the Qin Dynasty,Cultural interaction of north and south becomes a long -term periodic feature。Prehistoric period,The interaction form between Central Plains and the North mostly shows communication、Crash and fusion。

About 6000 -BC 5000 years BC,Macroscopy belongs to the northern system of the northern system.,After the collision with Pei Li Gang culture with the Central Plains,AC integration into a new hybrid culture -Magnetic Mountain Culture。Central Plains Culture North advances to the Zhanghe River Basin,The confrontation between the Central Plains and the north has since opened the prelude。About 5000 BC 4000 BC,Macroscopy belongs to the North Fortune Phase II Cultural Director of the Oriental System,Zhao Baogou culture confrontation with the northern system blends on the southern foot of Yanshan; followed by the first phase of the post -post, the culture continues to the north,Even extending to the foot of the mountains。About 4000 -BC 3500 BC,Yangshao Culture expands from a large scale from the hinterland of the Loess Plateau,and extended to the east to Taihang Shandong Fa Corridor area。About 3500 BC,The northern colors with a strong northern color and frequent interactive interaction with the large air culture of the local system,The two sides are roughly supported in the Luanhe River Basin,Qinwangzhai Culture Yin of the Central Plains core system lives in the south。Later,The first phase of the Snow Mountain in the North System Promote to the south,The distribution area of ​​the original noon culture,West extension to the area of ​​Sanggan River Valley。About 2600 bet365 best casino games BC,The second phase of the post -post culture of the Central Plains system drives north,until the southern foot of Yanshan,Northern culture shrinks to north of Yanshan。

Cultural interaction of the East Foot Corridor of the Taihang in the prehistoric era,Mainly flowing south and south,Discontinary and east -west direction,In the two directions, both are also transformed with each other。In the process of interacting north -south,The division between the Central Plains and the north is roughly in the area between Yishui and Zhanghe,Swing north and south with changes over time。

  Cultural interaction runs through ancient history

Xia Shang on Wednesday generation,Cultural interaction trends in Taihang Shandong Female areas are basically north -south,Central Plains and the North gradually shifted from communication and integration to confrontation and confrontation。Summer Culture's North Pioneer、The rise of the business nation and the formation of business civilization、Oriental Communication of Zhou Culture and Yan、Xing、Guard、Zhongshan、The rise and fall of the vassal culture of Zhao, etc.,All occurred in the eastern foot area of ​​Taihang,Its complex cultural trajectory shows the situation between the Central Plains and the North。

Xia Dai,The core culture of the Yanshan Zone is between the lower level of the Xiajia store and the core culture of the Central Plains,Far look and confrontation,The medium between the two is the first business culture of the corridor area。At the same time,The first business culture is looking at the Yellow River with the Yueshi culture of the East。It is in the multi -cultural interaction of north and south and East and West,The first business culture was breed and developed the business of the Ministry of Commerce。The dividing boundary of the first business culture and the lower level of Xiajiadian is roughly in Yiquan Basin,This boundary can be regarded as a confrontation line between the Central Plains and the North。

After the establishment of the Shang Dynasty,Business Culture becomes the representative of the core culture of the Central Plains。Business culture is strong north,Beginning with northern culture, the increasingly fierce positive direct confrontation,The boundary between them continues to move north -south due to the strength of the strength of the two parties,Rough between refusing the Mahe and the Tanghe River。

Western Zhou Dynasty,Central Plains Culture enters a large -scale expansion period。Zhou people's sealing immigration culture quickly reached the foot of Yanshan,But bet365 live casino games Yan Kingdom, who lives in the north, faces huge pressure surrounded by northern culture,The deep fusion between the two did not gradually complete until the spring and autumn。At the same time,Northern Culture ’s long -driving south invasion to the Central Plains is increasing。

Spring and Autumn Period,Northern Rongdi continues to invade the Central Plains,To the decline of Yan Kingdom、Xianyu Jianguo、Xianyu Jianguo,, etc.。Northern Culture once flourished,Central Plains Culture shrinks south,The boundary between the Central Plains and the north is often in the unstable state of swinging north and south。The Warring States Period,Central Plains Culture has gradually recovered strong,Yan Guo Fuxing,Zhao Destroy Zhongshan,Yan Zhao's strong northern pioneer。Zhao、Yan、Qin Xiujian Great Wall,Divide the nomadic culture of northern nomads in Yanshan -Yin Mountain front line。Central Plains Culture is completely unified.。The integrated confrontation between the Central Plains and the North has become the normal and main line between the north and the south。

The cultural interaction of the Central Plains and the North is not limited to the pre -Qin era,but almost run through the entire ancient Chinese history,and it has always been achieved through the corridor of the Taihang Shanshan foot corridor。The confrontation and confrontation between the Central Plains and the North,The vertical main line of the history of the Central Plains dynasty after the Qin Dynasty,also forms a cycle cyclical form,That is the integration period of the Qin and Han dynasties -the middle period of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties -Sui and Tang Dynasties -Song, Liao and Jin Mid -term。In the integrated period,The Central Plains dynasty is unified and strong,North Fighting Beibei、Remote control North,The main tone of cultural interaction is collision and confrontation。In the middle period,Central Plains dynasty decline or split,The Northern Tribe is strong south,The main tone of cultural interaction is confrontation and integration。Regardless of the integration period or intermediate period,Anti -fighting north south is always a distinctive theme of the Central Plains dynasty。

 Help the formation of the Huaxia group

Long -term existence of the two cultural areas of Central Plains and North,is the result of the interaction of the environment and the crowd。Central Plains represents the advanced settlement agriculture and stable and stable and continuously growing Huaxia group,The bet365 live casino games North is the northern ethnic group with agricultural and animal husbandry or nomadic and frequent fluctuations.。The confrontation and integration between the two continues for a long time,Song and Liao's confrontation lines between the Central Plains and the North during the Xia and Shang Dynasties are allocated horizontally in Yishui Basin。This kind of remote inheritance and echo of this three thousand years may not just be an accidental,The cultural interaction between the Central Plains and the north penetrates ancient Chinese history。

Taihang Shanshan foot corridor's most significant role in history,Not only the main channel between the Central Plains and the North,It is still the intermediate link connected to the Loess Plateau and the East China Sea.。Sifang Culture brings together integration here、Betting Update,As a result、The cutting -edge ground of communication and integration、War field of confrontation and collision。So,In the three generations of the core cultural district of the Central Plains and the condensation and formation process of the Huaxia group,Taihang Shandong Fa Corridor plays an important catalytic role。

The essential significance of communication between the Central Plains and the North,In fact, the collision and fusion of the Huaxia group and the northern ethnic group。In fact, the collision and fusion of the Huaxia group and the northern ethnic group,Mainly the fundamental differences of survival methods and the two very different cultural systems generated from this。So,In the relevant literature of the pre -Qin Dynasty,Call the northern group as "Rongdi",Different from the Central Plains Huaxia Group。but,Archaeological discovery has proved,Starting from distant pre -historical period,The northern ethnic group continues south,The collision and integration of the Central Plains nation has not been interrupted,The process of formation and growth of the Huaxia group has always been the process of absorbing the northern nation。So,Although the specific form of communication between the Central Plains and the North varies from time to time,But its results are consistent: Central Plains culture is colorful due to absorbing the northern cultural factors,The Huaxia group expands and grows to integrate the northern people。The historical process of the integration of the Huaxia group and the northern ethnic group,It has continued for thousands of years since prehistoric,Many times it is carried out and completed in the east foot corridor area of ​​Taihang.,This is bet365 best casino games also the core value of the cultural corridor of the Taihang Shanshan Fa Facks。

(The author is a professor at the School of History and Culture of Hebei Normal University、Deputy Director of the China Archaeological Association Xia Shang and Archaeological Committee、Director of the Chinese Society of Pioneers of China; Researcher at Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology、Deputy Director of the two weeks of the two weeks of the Chinese Archaeological Society)

Editor in charge: Changchang
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