2021 is the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China。February 20, 2021,General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the Party bet365 new customer offer Study and Education Mobilization Conference: "'Although there is wisdom,It’s better to take advantage of the trend。’Understanding bet365 new customer offer can you see far,Only by understanding bet365 new customer offer can you go far。We must educate and guide the whole party to keep in mind the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes in the world that have not been seen in a century,Establish a great view of bet365 new customer offer,From the long bet365 new customer offer、The tide of the times、Analysis of evolution mechanism in the global situation、Exploring the laws of bet365 new customer offer,Propose corresponding strategies,Enhancing the systematic nature of work、Foresight、Creativity。”Under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition,The Chinese Historiography Theory and Historiography Research Institute organized a series of seminars and symposiums,Launched a batch of valuable latest research results,Investigation on the academic bet365 new customer offer of Marxist historiography theory、The relationship between historical theory and historiography theory、Research on the bet365 new customer offer of global bet365 new customer offer and Chinese bet365 new customer offer,All have made new progress。
Marxist bet365 new customer offer theoretical research develops steadily
Looking back on the development of the party over the past century,Scholars unanimously examine the historical enlightenment and latest progress of Marxist historiography theory from different perspectives。Chen Qitai examines the academic relationship between Marxist historiography and new historical criticism in the 20th century、How Marxist historians treat historical research,And the importance of attaching importance to textual research for the construction of academic style。He thinks,Marxist bet365 new customer offer is an academic school guided by the basic principles of historical materialism,New historical criticism is a school of bet365 new customer offer characterized by its emphasis on collecting historical materials and rigorous textual research。Marxist theory emphasizes the importance of facts and the idea of "seeking truth",It is interconnected with the essence of Chinese traditional culture, "seeking truth from facts"。Marxist historians speak highly of the academic achievements of the new historical textual research school。For example,Guo Moruo has high praise for Wang Guowei's works,Considers that what he “bequeathed to us is the product of his knowledge,It looks like a pavilion of Cui Wei”。The best examples of Marxist historians promoting academic development with the results of rigorous research are undoubtedly Guo Moruo and Fan Wenlan。Li Hongyan thinks,The great debate on the nature of Chinese society in the 1920s and 1930s,It has the significance of the source of discourse and theoretical preparation in the process of sinicization of Marxism。Marxist theory of Sinicization、In terms of Chinese Marxist philosophy and social sciences,This debate has the role and significance of shaping the discourse system。The process of debate,That is, the process of Marxist theory fully entering the field of Chinese knowledge。The occurrence and initial development of any discipline in contemporary Marxist scholarship,All directly or indirectly related to this debate。The great debate on the nature of Chinese society has also shaped the basic discourse methods and theoretical framework for contemporary Chinese humanities guided by Marxism,Thus qualitatively shaping the basic form and paradigm of contemporary Chinese academics。Contemporary Chinese philosophy and social sciences are fundamentally marked by adhering to the guidance of Marxism,The applicability of Marxism to China、Truth and its new cultivation of Chinese cultural confidence,Not only has it been tested in practice,And it has been scientifically verified。The "Journal of Historical Theory and Historiography" organized a special article on "Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of the Communist Party of China"。Among them,Proposed by Zhou Wenjiu,Chinese Marxist historical theory is the forerunner of Marxist historiography,It is the product of the combination of Marxism and Chinese bet365 new customer offer,In the bet365 new customer offer of the development of Marxist historical theory in China,Li Dazhao’s "Essentials of bet365 new customer offer" has the significance of laying the foundation stone,Jian Bozan’s "Tutorial on Historical Philosophy" is an initial sign。Mao Zedong’s discussion on bet365 new customer offer and historiography,Is an important guideline for the development of Marxist historical theory。After reform and opening up,Marxist historical theory has made remarkable achievements in the construction of disciplines,Enter the 21st century of integrity and innovation,Constructing a Marxist historical theoretical system with Chinese characteristics is a new proposition proposed by the times。
Zhang Jie thinks,Cai Hesen's "bet365 new customer offer of Social Evolution" is China's first work on the bet365 new customer offer of social development written with Marxist historical materialism as the fundamental method,It is also one of the important works in the founding period of Chinese Marxist historiography。This work is titled "Family"、The Origin of Private Ownership and the State" is a model,Integrate the main ideas of Marxist classics such as "The Communist Manifesto", "Das Kapital", "Imperialism is the Highest Stage of Capitalism", "State and Revolution",A more systematic explanation of the motivations for the development of human society、Development rules and development direction,And the basic theory of historical materialism such that the people are the creators of bet365 new customer offer,And try to use historical materialism to analyze Chinese historical phenomena,Promote the research and dissemination of historical materialism in the combination of bet365 new customer offer and reality,Made an irreplaceable contribution to promoting the development of Chinese Marxist bet365 new customer offer。Therefore,In the 1920s, there were few Chinese translations of Marxist works.,"The bet365 new customer offer of Social Evolution" can be called an academic classic。Proposed by Zhou Liheng,Li Dazhao's "Essentials of bet365 new customer offer" and Jian Bozan's "Tutorial on Philosophy of bet365 new customer offer" are two landmark works in the bet365 new customer offer of the development of Chinese Marxist bet365 new customer offer theory,Has important academic status。"Essentials of bet365 new customer offer" was born in the early days of the spread of Marxism in China,"Historical Philosophy Tutorial" came out in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War after the great debate on Chinese social bet365 new customer offer。The two works were produced at different times,Reflects the foundation and enrichment of Chinese Marxist historical theory、Progress from academic interpretation to participation in social transformation。Li Dazhao’s historical theoretical writings,Opened up a new path for Chinese bet365 new customer offer,Laid the theoretical foundation for Chinese Marxist bet365 new customer offer。Therefore,In the academic genealogy of Chinese Marxist historiography,Li Dazhao should all be respected as the founder of Chinese Marxist historiography。
Wang Bing thinks,Hu Sheng’s scientific explanation of the theories and methods of the bet365 new customer offer of the Communist Party of China,It has a profound influence on the research of party bet365 new customer offer and the construction of party bet365 new customer offer discipline。The logical basis is based on his explanation of the nature of the subject of party bet365 new customer offer and the vision of party bet365 new customer offer research,The main content includes the guiding ideology of party bet365 new customer offer research、Historical paradigm of party bet365 new customer offer research、Four aspects of historicism in party bet365 new customer offer research and social functions in party bet365 new customer offer research。Its far-reaching influence is mainly reflected in the enrichment of the theoretical and methodological content of party bet365 new customer offer and the improvement of the "intermediary theoretical system" of party bet365 new customer offer research。Examine these two basic theoretical issues,This becomes an important prerequisite for discussing Hu Sheng’s explanation of party bet365 new customer offer theory and methods,From this we can examine the value and significance of party bet365 new customer offer theory and method research in the construction of the entire party bet365 new customer offer subject system。
Chen Feng thinks,Writing about the bet365 new customer offer of Chinese Marxist historiography,Basically followed the China-centered model for a long time,Taking Chinese scholars’ research on Chinese bet365 new customer offer as the main body,As for the interaction with academic circles outside the region, it is regarded as a marginal factor、To deal with secondary aspects,Classified as Chinese and foreign historical exchanges、The scope of the spread of Western bet365 new customer offer in China。On the one hand, this approach highlights the subjectivity of Chinese bet365 new customer offer,On the other hand, it also leads to the lack of international vision and the underestimation of extraterritorial factors。Overseas academics are an indispensable element in the formation and evolution of Chinese Marxist bet365 new customer offer。Marxist historiography is a worldwide academic trend,The bet365 new customer offer of Chinese Marxist historiography is part of it。In localization、As Sinicization becomes the mainstream,Overseas academics are worth learning from。
Wang Rongzu thinks,Although Marxism is hostile in Western capitalist countries,But it has always been a theory that cannot be ignored in the academic world,Although there are relatively few studies in bet365 new customer offer,But Marxist historiography is still a major school in Western, especially European, historiography,Many famous writers and classics have been published。Although Marxist bet365 new customer offer has gone through ups and downs in the West,But development is still booming,Historical materialism is still a theory that cannot be ignored in historical research。Looking to the future,The Western Marxist school is bound to develop in line with the times,And its development momentum depends more on the efforts of Chinese Marxist scholars。Dong Xinjie examines the world bet365 new customer offer discourse of Chinese Marxist historiography。She thinks,The world bet365 new customer offer discourse of Chinese Marxist historiography,Refers to the interpretations and judgments of Chinese Marxist bet365 new customer offer researchers in the field of world bet365 new customer offer。These explanations and conclusions are contained in the researchers’ respective works,Reflects the positioning judgment of Chinese scholars on the relationship between China and the world,It also reflects the long-term development of Chinese bet365 new customer offer research and world bet365 new customer offer research、Complex symbiotic relationship,But so far the academic community has not paid enough attention to this。The world bet365 new customer offer discourse of Chinese Marxist historiography is a theoretical elaboration of this world change process,The basic characteristic is to better integrate nationality and globality。This kind of discourse discussion was developed in the historical comparison between China and foreign countries,Provides a basic theoretical framework and analysis method for the construction of the discipline form of world bet365 new customer offer,That is, using Marxist social form theory and world bet365 new customer offer theory,Comprehensive vertical and horizontal research on human bet365 new customer offer。This kind of discourse discussion starts from the two basic driving forces of production and communication in human society,Elucidates the historical stages of capitalism,Elucidates the stages and continuity of the progressive trends of human society contained in world bet365 new customer offer、In the dual dialectical unity of particularity and generality,Obviously, the discipline system of bet365 new customer offer with Chinese characteristics will be constructed in the new era、Academic System、Play a greater role in the specific research of discourse system。
Western historical thought and global bet365 new customer offer research are advancing steadily
The general characteristic of theoretical research in Western bet365 new customer offer is that it is combined with the study of Western intellectual bet365 new customer offer,While translating and publishing various foreign language works,Focus on the analysis and research of historical trends and figures since the 20th century。
Wang Qingjia discusses Quentin Skinner’s historical theoretical thoughts。As a heavyweight in contemporary world thought,Skinner's "The Foundations of Modern Political Thought" explains how the works of famous European thinkers during the Renaissance and Reformation shaped the politics and society of modern countries,At the same time,He is also actively exploring innovations in historical theories and methods。Skinner and American philosopher Rorty and others co-edited "Philosophy in bet365 new customer offer: Essays on Historiography in Philosophy",Concentrated reflection of the characteristics of Skinner’s historical theory。Skinner in "The Freedom of Negative Thoughts: Philosophical and Historical Perspectives",By sorting out the historical context of "negative freedom",Proposing that thinking and understanding of philosophical concepts requires the help of bet365 new customer offer。Skinner admits,Marxism has a significant influence on social science research,Still the same today。The 6th issue of "Historical Theoretical Research" in 2021 launched a roundtable entitled "Rethinking the Theoretical Issues in Contemporary Western Historiography"。Dong Lihe thinks,The “unprecedented changes” that humans are currently experiencing,And a singularity-like event that may come soon,Rekindled people’s worries and anxiety about the meaning of their existence。Discussions on the historic future initiated by Western academic circles,In fact, it is a reflection of this broad thinking about the ultimate meaning of human beings in the field of historical theory。This new speculative philosophy of bet365 new customer offer compared to contemporary and modern systems,It mainly has the following three characteristics: historical、Empirical and interdisciplinary。There is no “revival” of speculative philosophy of bet365 new customer offer,Because it never dies。Facing “great changes unseen in a century” and “unprecedented changes”,Need to retell the grand narrative,Some theorists are once again showing enthusiasm for grand historical concepts,Calling for a new speculative philosophy of bet365 new customer offer,And hope it can join forces with historical research,Let’s meet the challenges implicit in the ecological and technological future。Gu Xiaowei examines the development process and context of Western historical philosophy,He thinks,Western theoretical circles tend to separate historical theory and historiography theory,But the two are not so completely separate,It has gone through a process from integration to division and then to the current reintegration。bet365 new customer offer and historiography are always a unity of "change" and "constancy",New changes in the course of time have given rise to changes in historical writing。In a new era of unprecedented changes,It is urgent to discuss historical theoretical issues。Liu Yaohui published a book review on the book "The British School and Historians",Evaluated the value of Hobsbawm’s historical thought。Hobsbawm is a famous British Marxist historian and a world-renowned historian,In the historical process of modern Europe、Labor movement、Nationalism、Imperialism、Published insights on Marxist theory and many other topics,Has a broad and far-reaching impact。From Hobsbawm’s progressive view of bet365 new customer offer and global view of bet365 new customer offer,We can observe the evolution of the Western progressive view of bet365 new customer offer and the global view of bet365 new customer offer,By comparing the differences between Hobsbawm and other British Marxist historians,It can be seen that there are still traces of Eurocentrism in his thinking。Hobsbawm is not opposed to the value judgment and value orientation of bet365 new customer offer,This also reflects the social and political function of bet365 new customer offer。
Ni Kai pointed out,Gordon Child is a famous Western Marxist prehistorian and archaeologist,Neolithic Revolution、Urban Revolution、Many of the basic principles of cultural archeology and the comprehensive concept of prehistory are attributed to Childe's contributions。Childe used Marxist theory to explain the process of bet365 new customer offer,Formed its own dialectical view of historical progress。Childe emphasized dialectical evolution and spiral,Emphasis on cultural diffusion and dissemination based on imitation and innovation,Emphasis on the fundamental role of inventions and discoveries in social accumulation。Childe’s explanation of historical progress is more scientific than previous speculative explanations。But due to the limitations of the times and the limitations of archaeological technology,Many of the points made by Child、Historical periodization and historical materials used,There are many laxities。As a historical theory,Childe’s progressive view of bet365 new customer offer shows us a picture of historical progress based on historical materialism。Study Childe’s view of progressive bet365 new customer offer,Helps us better understand the regular movements of historical progress,Enriching the connotation of Marxist historical theory。Yao Hanchang commented on Daniel Wolfe's "A Concise bet365 new customer offer of Historiography: Global Historiography from Ancient Times to the Present"。He thinks,"The Oxford bet365 new customer offer of Historical Writings", "A bet365 new customer offer of Global Historiography" and "A Concise bet365 new customer offer of Historiography" constitute Wolfe's trilogy of research on the bet365 new customer offer of global historiography。Among them "A Concise bet365 new customer offer of Historiography" is his latest work,Contributes to further promoting the dissemination of global historiography concepts。Wolfe examines the development of bet365 new customer offer in major regions of mankind from a global perspective,Weakened the role of the West in the emergence and development of bet365 new customer offer,Emphasis on the universality of bet365 new customer offer。In addition,Compared to the region-centered historiography model,The model of global historiography is more suitable for today’s increasingly integrated world。
New research on bet365 new customer offer historiography frequently emerges
About ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer、The development trend of modern bet365 new customer offer and the discipline of bet365 new customer offer,Many achievements have been launched in recent years。In particular, the study of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer is increasingly becoming more detailed,Some new perspectives and research areas have emerged。
Zhang Yue reviewed the periodization of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer in the past 40 years。He thinks,The periodization of ancient bet365 new customer offer has always been one of the most important core issues in Chinese Marxist historiography。In the more than 90 years since the formation of Chinese Marxist bet365 new customer offer to today,The periodization of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer has always occupied an important position that cannot be replaced by other issues,And formed several large-scale crazes。Compared with previous research,The research and discussion on the periodization of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer in the past 40 years has some obvious new characteristics,For example, the re-emergence of the "non-slavery theory" and the emergence of "new theories" on the periodization of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer。The discussion on the name and reality of "feudalism" prompted scholars to think more deeply about the periodization of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer in the theoretical framework of five social forms,Any academic analysis of the periodization of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer cannot be separated from the support of historical facts、Basis of historical data、Theoretical guidance and practical considerations。
Crank Rui thinks,The relationship between heaven and man is the basis of pre-Qin bet365 new customer offer。Focus on the relationship between heaven and man,Focus on the relationship between one’s own destiny and the unpredictable providence,Focus on the relationship between individual existence and nature,Is the most basic reason for the emergence of pre-Qin historical theory。The content of the relationship between heaven and man includes: how to understand the connection between heaven and man,How to understand the relationship between the movement of astronomical phenomena and the movement of the human world,How to grasp human life and connect it with heaven。With the development of people’s abstract thinking,An important change has evolved in the relationship between heaven and man,That is, the relationship between humans and natural elements (Yin Yang and Five Elements)。Therefore,Formulate a view of destiny that explains the relationship between heaven and man、Tiandao Temple and Taoist Temple,The three influence each other、Mixed with each other,Coexisting in the ideological environment and social consciousness of Pre-Qin,Influence and complement each other,It has become the ideological soil for the production of historical theory,Also mentioned repeatedly as an argument object in historical theory。
Qu Lindong proposed,The evaluation of the bet365 new customer offer of the Tang Dynasty by the author of "New Book of Tang" is often inaccurate or even wrong,Tends to belittle or even deny the bet365 new customer offer of the Tang Dynasty。The post-comments of Volume 132 of "New Book of Tang" concentratedly reflect this basic tendency of "New Book of Tang"。Not only does it describe the bet365 new customer offer of the Tang Dynasty as having no merit,And they also used methods to misinterpret Liu Zhiji's "Shi Tong" and slander Han Yu's "Shunzong Shilu",To "prove" one's own theory,causing confusion to future generations at best、In severe cases, it may lead to misunderstanding。Therefore,Put forward these issues and analyze them、Clarification,It is very necessary。Qu Lindong gives examples,Explain the necessity of relevant candidates and institutional settings,But these problems do not affect the overall value of "New Book of Tang" as an excellent historical work。In the compilation bet365 new customer offer of Chinese historiography,Having valuable experience,There are also serious lessons,Summary of these experiences and lessons,It has positive significance for the development of current bet365 new customer offer。
Liu Xiaolong examines the writing of the imperial examinations of the Jianwen Dynasty in "Shilu of the Ming Dynasty",It is believed that the imperial examinations of the Jianwen Dynasty were written in "Shilu of the Ming Dynasty",Lack of positive records of the third-level imperial examination,It also generally covers up the information about the Chinese imperial examination during the Jianwen period of the attached biography,Showing the concealment of Jianwen bet365 new customer offer in actual records。It’s worth noting,Historians used the Spring and Autumn writing style to reveal clues about the imperial examinations of the Jianwen Dynasty,So that relevant historical events are not completely obscured in the "national bet365 new customer offer" discourse system。This reflects the understanding of historians and monarchs in Jianwen bet365 new customer offer、Evaluation,There are certain differences,This phenomenon did not appear only in the late Ming Dynasty,But it was already showing signs in the early Ming Dynasty。Proposed by Niu Runzhen and others,The historian's discussion system is an important part of the civil official reward system in the Qing Dynasty,To encourage historians who participate in compiling bet365 new customer offer books。Civil officials in the Qing Dynasty mostly revised books to discuss narratives,Replying books mainly focuses on bet365 new customer offer books,It is gradually becoming normal for historians to participate in the revision of bet365 new customer offer and obtain discussion、Normalization、Institutionalization。Qing Cheng Ming System,Expand the scope of discussion,Used in bet365 new customer offer museum compilation,Formation of discussion and management mechanism for bet365 new customer offer compilation institutions。This system attracted a large number of scholars to devote themselves to bet365 new customer offer compilation activities,Effectively ensured the smooth progress of large-scale official bet365 new customer offer compilation in the Qing Dynasty,Promoted the change of scholars’ professional concepts to a certain extent,And this will bring about positive changes in the professional concepts of scholars。Proposed by Wang Record,The Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty was the period when the study of classics and bet365 new customer offer had the closest interaction、The period of deepest integration。In academic practice,The philosophy of Confucian classics that upholds the truth and despises the fictitious affects bet365 new customer offer,The historical trend of emphasizing examination and neglecting discussion has been formed;The method of treating classics in primary schools has penetrated into the field of bet365 new customer offer,Make bet365 new customer offer more empirical;Rejection of the writing style and orthodoxy of "Spring and Autumn",formed historical facts、Light-brush historiography。Meanwhile,bet365 new customer offer also affects the development of Confucian classics,People enrich the ideological connotation of Confucian classics with the thought of bet365 new customer offer and management of the world,The concept of using classics and bet365 new customer offer to apply the world is surging;Using historical events to examine the correctness and error of classics,Resolve Confucian classics problems with the help of bet365 new customer offer。In theoretical discussions,Qianjia scholars adhere to the theory of the relationship between classics and bet365 new customer offer of "the unique study of classics and bet365 new customer offer",Proposed the idea of homology between classics and bet365 new customer offer,The process of sorting out and reflecting on the division of classics and bet365 new customer offer,Advocating equal emphasis on classics and bet365 new customer offer。This kind of interaction and integration between classics and bet365 new customer offer,Make bet365 new customer offer imprinted with the imprint of Confucian classics,Confucian classics has a tendency of historiography,Confucian classics and bet365 new customer offer all return to rationality,Starting to move towards modern academics。Interaction of Qianjia Classics and bet365 new customer offer,Breaking the gap between bet365 new customer offer and bet365 new customer offer,From classics to bet365 new customer offer,People use the method of treating menstruation to treat bet365 new customer offer,Improving the method of governing bet365 new customer offer,formed a set of operational texts、Exegesis、version、Correction、Detect forgery、Method system for textual research and historical documents on Dong Li from many disciplines。This is an effective method of examining historical materials,Use these methods,Collection of Papers for Qianjia Scholars,Overcame the past historians who relied on personal knowledge to speculate on historical events subjectively and a priori based on facts、Limitations in identifying the authenticity of historical materials,Promoted the positivism and objectification of bet365 new customer offer,New historical criticism that directly affects the 20th century。Fan Lisa and others think,Due to lack of understanding of nomadic economy,Sima Qian's description of the "traveling country" in the Western Regions in "Historical Records: Biography of Dawan",Interprets almost all the settled and non-settled pastoral peoples in the Western Regions as nomadic peoples with the same customs as the Xiongnu "traveling country"。Archaeological data shows,Ancient Yuezhi、Wusun、Uighurs and other Hexi ethnic groups engaged in animal husbandry,Not a pure nomadic economy,But it shows the characteristics of seasonal rotational grazing。Sima Qian's historical view of "running the country" comes from the understanding of the agricultural people's livelihood methods by the pastoral people,Due to various conditions,Unable to accurately distinguish the Western Regions、Mobei、Differences in animal husbandry economy in Hexi region,Failure to distinguish nomadic from sedentary pastoralism。Most historians of later generations inherited Sima Qian’s historical view of “running the country”,As a result, this historical tradition has been continued,Having an impact on relevant research today。Wang Gaoxin and others think,The Zhou Dynasty was a period when the pre-Qin historian system became increasingly mature。There are many categories of historians in the Zhou Dynasty,And Ether bet365 new customer offer、Internal bet365 new customer offer、Outside bet365 new customer offer、Xiao Shi、The censor is the main one。The most active among them are Taishi and Neishi,The main function is ceremony,Also includes document storage and note taking。The historian system of the Zhou Dynasty inherited the direct view of writing in Pre-Qin historiography,Zhishu became the principle generally respected by historians at that time,Or "the laws that historians at that time should abide by"。The so-called "every ruler must write a letter" and "everything you do is obedient",If you go against the rules, you will write the opposite as well",This is a true portrayal of this kind of straightforward writing。In the practice of the historian system in the Zhou Dynasty,Cultivation of a unique historian spirit,Concretely reflected in the spirit of participating in the construction and maintenance of ritual and music civilization、The spirit of truth-seeking that pursues historical truth and moral truth and the rational spirit that demonstrates humanistic values。The spirit of these historians not only created the glorious historian culture of the Pre-Qin Dynasty,It also had a profound impact on the development of China’s historian system and historiography in later generations。
Research on modern Chinese bet365 new customer offer,Yu Xiangfang proposed,Qing historiography during the Republic of China embodies the characteristics of Chinese historiography in the transitional period under the fierce collision of Eastern and Western cultures,The writing of Qing bet365 new customer offer shows that official bet365 new customer offer books and private writings go hand in hand,Biography、The coexistence of editing methods such as chronological and chapter style,View of Destiny and bet365 new customer offer、Evolutionary Historical View、A complex picture of the interplay of various historical views such as historical materialism,Becomes the most significant feature of Qing bet365 new customer offer writings during the Republic of China。Therefore,The bet365 new customer offer of the Qing Dynasty in the Republic of China has its distinctive characteristics of the bet365 new customer offer of the transitional period,Becoming an important dividing line between old and new historiography in China。Liu Shu examined the historical writing of ancient Egypt by literati in the late Qing Dynasty,Think that the late Qing literati showed a strong interest in the bet365 new customer offer of ancient Egypt,In terms of chronology,They connected the ancient Egyptian chronology with the pre-Qin chronology,Expressed his own views on bet365 new customer offer during the writing process。On the material level,The scholars of the late Qing Dynasty paid special attention to the pyramids and mummies of ancient Egypt。On the level of classics,The scholars in the late Qing Dynasty were misled by Westerners who had hegemony in discourse,The Library of Alexandria, mistakenly thought to contain ancient Egyptian civilization, was burned by the Arabs,Thus punishing the Arab population。On the level of civilization,The scholars of the late Qing Dynasty nurtured the Greek and Roman civilization on the basis of Egyptian civilization,Transform Lackbury's "Chinese race to the West",Constructing the argument that the Exodus civilization originated from China。Such a theory of circulation of sources in Western learning provided a theoretical basis for China to learn Western civilization in the late Qing Dynasty。Late Qing scholars wrote the bet365 new customer offer of ancient Egypt,I hope China can find answers that it can learn from。张Cheng proposed it in "A Brief Introduction to Egypt",Learning from the West is necessary,However,If you blindly copy the West,The country may eventually be destroyed,Learning from foreign systems must be based on the national conditions of the country,This can be said to be the greatest inspiration that Egyptian bet365 new customer offer gave the late Qing scholars on their political policies。
Deng Rui pointed out,What was called “historiography” in ancient China is not the same concept as what is called “historiography” today。Ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer has its own special form,It is different from ancient Western historiography,It is also different from Chinese historiography in modern times。The bet365 new customer offer of ancient China involves the four studies,Also connects literature and philosophy,Mainly including narrative、Three basic aspects of doctrine and textual research。This unique form of ancient Chinese bet365 new customer offer gives it lofty and unique intellectual value and cultural status。Jiang Mei proposed,The "Orthodoxy" in Chinese bet365 new customer offer,is a key concept in understanding Chinese civilization。Orthodoxy,It is how to record the chronology and narrative in historiography?What standard is used to mark historical time?This is actually a big issue of how to legislate bet365 new customer offer and thus the world, that is, legislate the universe,So,"Orthodoxy" has the meaning of "meta-narrative" of Chinese civilization,It is a political philosophy that uses a set of historical philosophy,Also placed in a cosmology,Contains a whole set of cultural value principles,Carrying the basic spiritual structure of Chinese civilization,Self-understanding related to the integrity of Chinese civilization、Self-imagination and self-meaning。By examining the great unification in early bet365 new customer offer、Zheng leap theory and later orthodoxy and orthodoxy,She believes that the reason why Chinese bet365 new customer offer has a continuous centripetal force,If we stay together for a long time, we must break up、The general trend that must be reunited after a long period of separation,Cultural value in orthodoxy - taking the continuity of "China" as a sacred belief for the world,It is a key conceptual reason。Therefore,Orthodoxy as the meta-narrative of Chinese civilization,As a philosophy of bet365 new customer offer,There is still ideological vitality。
Zhao Qingyun investigates the research on conceptual bet365 new customer offer from the perspective of Marxist historiography。He thinks,Introducing the research perspective of conceptual bet365 new customer offer,Using the theoretical resources and methodological tools of conceptual bet365 new customer offer,It is a direction that needs to be further explored in the study of Marxist historiography,It is also one of the potential academic growth points。Same,Some key concepts in Marxist historiography,Both academic and ideological attributes,Concept、Text、Context、Thoughts、The most core elements of conceptual bet365 new customer offer research such as ideology are deposited in the practice of Marxist historical research,Marxist historians and their historical works also provide excellent materials for the study of conceptual bet365 new customer offer。The vitality of Marxist bet365 new customer offer lies in its ability to always respond to the concerns of the times,Resonating with the times,Thus a conceptual study of its historiographic practice,It is also necessary to combine social and political changes to grasp the historical context of the concept,Combining its origins and changes。Constructing a historical system must start with concepts,The sorting out and analysis of the key concepts of Marxist bet365 new customer offer is undoubtedly the preliminary work。After a century of development,Some key concepts in Marxist historiography still maintain considerable explanatory power and vitality,still plays a key role in today’s historical narrative,But there are also some historical concepts that have been questioned,Research on such concepts,We should focus more on the epistemological discussion of concepts。
Zhou Guolin thinks,Historical materialism had a profound impact on Zhang Shun’s research on Hui bet365 new customer offer。After the founding of New China,Zhang Shunhui studies Marxist historical theory seriously,Focus on major theoretical issues such as the periodization of ancient Chinese society,Make a scientific analysis of the living conditions and social status of each class;Fully affirm that working people are the creators of material civilization and spiritual civilization,The people’s resistance to the oppression of the ruling class is the driving force for social progress;In the evaluation of historical figures, political figures are evaluated according to the standards that meet the needs of the situation,Evaluate ideological and cultural figures based on the standards of promoting cultural traditions,Evaluate other historical figures by standards that enhance social welfare。His academic thought of "must rule everything with the perspective of historical materialism",It is worthy of serious understanding and promotion。
Shi Peilei discovered through the investigation of the National Social Science Fund Chinese bet365 new customer offer Project from 2010 to 2019,The development trend of the discipline of Chinese bet365 new customer offer is reflected in strengthening interaction with the times、Cultivating new academic talents、Enhance teamwork,And actively explore interdisciplinary comprehensive research。The project establishment of Chinese historiography presents new explorations from multiple angles,Mainly reflected in the following: important issues and long-term hot spots in the bet365 new customer offer of Chinese historiography are still being taken seriously in the project establishment。Among them,The bet365 new customer offer of Marxist historiography is a hot issue in the study of Chinese historiography,The establishment of the National Social Science Fund project also reflects this;The project establishment of Chinese historiography reflects the collection of basic documents and historical materials、Attention to organization and research,As well as the innovation of the research perspective of Chinese historiography and the broadening of the research field。
There is great potential for historical theoretical research in the new era,Especially under the guidance of the party’s innovation theory,Deepen theoretical thinking、Strengthen the era orientation、Beyond the previous research level and pattern,There is still more room for academic efforts。Overall,The study of historical theory and its integration with the bet365 new customer offer of bet365 new customer offer needs to be further strengthened,Especially in launching thoughtful and penetrating masterpieces,Still need to continue working hard。Currently,Some papers still lack innovation、Problems such as repeating old sayings or even inaccurate use of concepts。Looking ahead to 2022,We hope that the bet365 new customer offer community will continue to build a new disciplinary system、Academic System、Discourse system is the goal,Establish a great view of bet365 new customer offer、View of the Great Times,Strengthen theoretical thinking,Integrating academic resources,Closely integrate thought and historical research,Promote historical theoretical results that can truly represent the level and atmosphere of the new era。
(Author’s unit: Department of bet365 new customer offer, Chinese Social Sciences Magazine)
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