"Zeng Guangxianwen" is the compilation of the sorting and sorting of past words in the Ming Dynasty，Mainly teaching the way of people live。This book is loved by the people，and widely spread in the folk，Become a well -known traditional culture classic，But its book has become a mystery so far。To facilitate reading and understanding this book，Research on the age of the book of books。

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In recent years，Related works are based on Tang Xianzu's "Peony Pavilion"，The book of "Zeng Guangxian Wen" is set in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty。For example，"Zeng Guangxianwen" translated by Feng Guochao (2017 edition of the Business Press)，Its "Foreword" says: "In the Ming Dynasty opera writer Tang Xianzu (1550-1616 AD)," Peony Pavilion "in the seventh‘ boudoir ’，There is ‘Xian Wenwen，Forbidden to kill people '，Some scholars think，This "The Essays of the former" is "Shi Xian Wen"。If this is true，The time of "Zeng Guangxian Wen" will not be later than the Ming Dynasty。"" Zeng Guangxian Wen "translated by Li Chongfeng (China Book Company 2021)，Its "Foreword" also said: "" Zeng Guangxian Wen "was originally known as" Shi Xian Wen "，Also known as "Ancient and Modern Schilability"。I don’t know who the book is，When is it?。The title of the book was first seen in the opera "Peony Pavilion" of Tang Xianzu during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty.。Among them, the seventh "Girlfriend" has a cloud: ‘…“ Xian Wenwen ”，Forbidden to kill people，恁 恁 唤。According to research，"Xian Wenwen" here is "Shi Xian Wen"。From this can be pushed，This book is the late book during the Wanli period。"The above statement，There are at least three flaws。

One，"In the past Xianwen" and "Zeng Guangxian Wen" are not the same book。The first sentence of "Zeng Guangxian Wen" said: "In the past, the sages，Bet365 lotto review Xi Ruyu。Ji Yun is wide，Multi -smell。"" This indicates，"Zeng Guangxianwen" is a supplement to the addition of "Shi Xianwen"。The Twenty -four years of Jiaqing (1819) woodcut book "The Emperor Xianwen"，Title "New Carved Character Sentence Extraordinary Essays"，A total of 184 sentences，150 sentences less than "Zeng Guangxian Wen"，Full evidence of "The Emperor of the Past" is different from "Zeng Guangxian Wen"。

Its two，"Xian Wen Wen" mentioned in "Peony Pavilion"，The first sentence of the first sentence of "Zeng Guangxian Wen"，There is a difference between the two words。Feng Guochao did not specifically indicate which scholars believed that "Xian Wenwen" was "Shi Xian Wen"，Li Chongfeng did not specifically explain the research process of "Xixian Wen", that is, "The Emperor Xianwen"。So far，There is no evidence to prove that "Xian Wenwen" and "The Emperor Xianwen" are the same book。

Its three，"Xixian Wen" and "Shi Xianwen" referred to the content of different content。"Peony Pavilion" seventh borrowing from Du Li Niang's mouth，Say "Xian Wenwen，Forbidden to kill people "; fifth out will explain it in detail，"Four Books and Five Classics" and other "Book History" and other Confucian classics are the main contents of "Xixian Wen"。"The former Xianwen Wen" included in "Zeng Guangxianwen"，It is some of the previous famous sayings。These famous sayings are not only taken from Confucian classics，It is also taken from Taoism、Buddhist works，Different from the "Xian Wen Wen" read by Du Li Niang，Not the critical object of "Peony Pavilion"。

Since "Peony Pavilion" cannot be used as the basis for determining the age of "Zeng Guangxian"，Then you need to find another clue。

　　Inference of the upper limit of the book of the book

"Zeng Guangxianwen" compilation and sorting up the past words，Some people have done similar work before。Except "The Emperor of the past"，The book that can be become the origin of "Zeng Guangxian"，First is the "Taigong Tutor" of the Tang Dynasty。This book is a child and mask book in the Dunhuang testament，Bet365 lotto review According to today's people,，A total of 285 sentences，43 sentences that are exactly the same or basically similar to "Zeng Guangxian Wen"。The second is the "Famous Collection" of the Southern Song Dynasty。The book has a total of 182 sentences，31 sentences that are exactly the same or basically similar to "Zeng Guangxian Wen"。Third, Chen Yuanzhi, the Southern Song Dynasty, "Lin Guangji"。The book "Previous Collection" Volume 9，Includes 167 alarm，59 sentences that are exactly the same or basically similar to "Zeng Guangxian Wen"。Fourth is the record of Fan Li in the early Ming Dynasty、Hongwu 26th year (1393) "Mingxin Bao Jian"，140 sentences that are exactly the same or basically similar to "Zeng Guangxian Wen"，42%of the total number of sentences of "Zeng Guangxian"。The above four works，The latest book time is in Hongwu 26 years。The compilation time of "Zeng Guangxianwen" should be after the above -mentioned book.，The upper limit of its age of writing should not be earlier than the 26th year of Hongwu。

Combined with the information disclosed by the text of "Zeng Guangxian"，We can also speculate from another angle to the upper limit of the age of books。"Zeng Guangxian Wen" has "first arrived for the king，Later to be a minister "，It means that the first person can be the emperor，People who arrive can only be a courtier。This historical story takes place in the Ming Dynasty。Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao died due to illness，No children without leaving。Queen Mother Zhang Ting and the cabinet leader Yang Ting and the decision -making strategy，Belongs secretly gives three Zhu surname Wang Ye，Let it return to Beijing to hang，and agreed: "First come to Jun，Later to be a minister。"The farthest of Xingwang Mansion where Zhu Houzheng is located，Staff Yan Song's policy，Let Zhu Houzhen pretend to be Qin Qin，Take a prison car，Hold the ears of the other two princes，Day and night，The first to rush to Beijing，Ascend the throne as Emperor，This is Emperor Jiajing，The two princes who arrived Bet365 lotto review after arriving can only bow their heads。According to this allusion, it can be speculated，The book of "Zeng Guangxianwen" should be after the throne of Jiajing Emperor of the Ming Dynasty。The reign of Emperor Jiajing is 1521-1567，"Zeng Guangxianwen" The upper limit of the book time should be 1521。

　　Inference of the lower limit of the book of the book

Retrieving the National Library of China Library "National Census Registration Basic Database"、Taiwan's "Full Text Search System of the Central Research Institute"、The book information of Confucius Old Book Network can be found，"Zeng Guangxian Wen" has not seen Mingjianben，The existing various engraved books are all after the Qing Dynasty。"Zeng Guangxianwen" in the Qing Dynasty，There are nearly 20 species existing。For example，Da Yingtang Mu Carved Ben "Zeng Xianxian Wen"，The time of the journal is the twelve years of Jiaqing; the "New Carrier of the Shi Xianxian" engraved by Lianyuan Pavilion, Foshan, Guangdong，The time of the journal is the first year of Xianfeng (1851); the "Must Read the True Ben in the Monthly Hiroshi" engraved by Shanghai Jinwen Hall，The time of the journal is 11 years of Guangxu (1885);，The time of the publishing time is the three years of Xuantong (1911)。The Republic of China The Republic of China，There are more than 20 kinds of。For example，"Improved Drawing Drawing Drawing and Broadcasting Ancient and Masterpieces"，Publishing time was 1938; "Increasing the Hiroshi Shiwen" from the Ruicheng Bookstore in Taiwan，Publishing time was 1945; "Zeng Guangxianwen" of the Calligraphy Book Bureau of Taiwan，Publishing time is also 1945。The above version information indicates，"Zeng Guangxian Wen" will not be later than the 12th year of Jiaqing。

"Zeng Guangxianwen" after the book，Someone added and deleted it。In these additional deletions，The impact is greater、There are two kinds of circulating two types: "Reconstruction and Rating" and "Reset up"。"Reset and Radio"，edited by Zhou Xitao，Book in the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869)，It is too bet365 Play online games late to make a book time than the "Range Range"。Fruit Mountain people revised and replenished "Zeng Guangxian Wen"，The title of the book is set as "Xunmeng increases the broad reform book"，referred to as "Refining the Ding Radio"。According to Gong Zhaozhi's "Jiaxing Ming and Qing Express Certificate" (Fang Zhi Publishing House 2011): "Zheng Guangzheng，Words 4D，Originter Yuyao，Qianxiu Water，Living in the end of the Ming Dynasty，From the Number of Fruit Mountain，Shaoxing Mansion Student，80th year of death。"According to the" Yuyao Laozhi · Characters · Qing Dynasty "edited by the Shi Zhi Office of Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province (2018 Edition of Linerial Books):" Zheng Guangzheng，Words 4D。Move to Jiaxiang Xiushui。proficient astronomy。The end of the Ming Dynasty，Mei Huaidi, who lives in Hua Erqiao, Tongxiang ...。Died at the age of 80。"If this fruit -fruiting people are the author of" Refining the Disposal "，According to the above records，He existed in the late Ming Dynasty。Suppose he starts to live in seclusion from the age of 20，and calculate 1640 as the start time of his seclusion，Based on him 80 years old to calculate，He should live to 39th Kangxi (1700)。Even if he did not complete the "Reconstruction of the Disposal" in 1700，It can also be concluded that the book "Zeng Guangxianwen" should be completed before 1700。

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"Zeng Guangxian Wen" version is many，There are some differences in texts with each other。This article is based on the "New Carrier of Xianxian Wing" carved by Lianyuan Pavilion, Foshan, Guangdong。The engraved book 334 sentences，Remove two words on each head，Just 330 sentences。For these 330 sentences one by one，It can be found that it originated from the pre -Qin，52 sentences in total，The main source is the "Four Books and Five Classics"、"Lao Tzu", "Xunzi", "Han Feizi" and other works;，35 sentences in total，The main sources include "Historical Records", "Han Book", "Hou Han bet365 Play online games Book", "Three Kingdoms", "New Words of the World", "Yan's Family Training";，50 sentences in total，The main source is Li Bai、Du Fu、Bai Juyi、Han Yu、Lu Yan and others poems，There are also interpretable works such as "Fayuan Zhulin" and "Ancestral Hall Collection";，A total of 115 sentences，The main source is Ouyang Xiu、Su Shi、Wang Anshi、Zhu Xi and others' works，and a scientist Shao Yong、Zhu Xi and others' works，In addition, there are Buddhist works such as "Jingde Biography", "Five Lantern Festival Yuan", and "Guzun Su Quotes";，30 sentences in total，The main source is Gao Zecheng、Guan Hanqing、Drama of Shi Junbao and others; originated from the Ming Dynasty，A total of 32 sentences，The main source is Feng Menglong、Novels of Ling Yingjuna，Li Kaixian、Li Kaixian、The drama of Zheng Zhizhen and others，Better Light、Li Shizhen、Zhang Juzheng and others' poems，"Shouchang Wuming Monk Quotations", "The full record of the Master of the Tiandian Juelang Sheng", "Xueguan Monk Quotations" and other interpretations;，A total of 6 sentences，The source is Wu Jingzi's "History of Confucius"、Wu Yan's "Wu Yan Ji"、Hu Zude's "Shanghai Proverb"、Wu Yanren's "Nine Life and Qi Election"、"Spring and Autumn Romance" of Yukaiko。Another，"Zeng Guangxian Wen" and 10 famous sayings failed to find the source。

The results of the above sources show，330 famous sayings of "Zeng Guangxian Wen"，314 sentences appeared before the Qing Dynasty，The proportion exceeds 95%。According to this, it can be determined，"Zeng Guangxianwen" should be before the Qing Dynasty。6 famous sayings from the Qing Dynasty，Not necessarily appeared in the Qing Dynasty，It may be after the editor of "Zeng Guangxian Wen" created by himself，Cited by the Qing Dynasty。10 famous sayings of the source of the source，Most of it also belongs to this situation。

According to the appearance time of the similar works of "Zeng Guangxian Wen" and the information disclosed by the text of "Zeng Guangxian"，It can be inferred that the upper limit of the bet365 best casino games time of the book formation should be 1521。According to the version information and change information of "Zeng Guangxian Wen"，It can be inferred that the lower limit of the time of the book formation should be 1700 years。According to the result of each sentence of "Zeng Guangxian"，It can be confirmed that "Zeng Guangxian Wen" should be before the Qing Dynasty。Comprehensive these factors，I think，"Zeng Guangxianwen" was about 1521-1644。

　　(The author is a professor at the Institute of Comprehensive Management of the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences)