Marx's political philosophy is a research topic in the current domestic academic community，attracted the philosophy from Marxism、Western philosophy、Ethics、Scholars of different disciplines such as political thoughts and other disciplines participate in it。but but，We must see，As far as its origin and characteristics are concerned，This is a British and American Marxist philosophy topic。Why do you say that?

First，Marx Political Philosophy Research Raising in Britain and the United States in the late 1960s，Direct source is the so -called "Took -Wood Proposition"。1969，Experts from the US Soviet Issue Research Expert、"Marx Xue" home Robert Tuck published the collection of "Marx's Revolutionary Opomdy"，The system explained a basic point of view that he expressed in 1961 "The Philosophy and Myths of Karl Marx": Marx did not criticize capitalism based on justice，or，Marx's criticism of capitalism is nothing to do with justice。The contemporary American political philosopher John Roses echoed Tuck in his own way，Therefore, Tucker's point of view suddenly becomes noticeable。1972，Young American Philosophy Historian、"Marx Xue" family Alan Wood published "Marx's Criticism of Justice"，The system explains Tucker's point of view，"Tucker -Wood Proposition" is set for this。

Next，In the early 1980s，bet365 live casino games British political scholar Steven Lucas published "Marxism and Morality"，Discussion on ethical and political issues caused by British and American Marxist scholars，"Tucker -Wood proposition" therefore obtained extensive discussions on both sides of the Atlantic，Promoting the prosperity and development of British and American Marxist ethics and political philosophy。

Last，Since the 1970s，We see，Scholars who participated in Marx's political philosophy disputes or research in the international academic community take British and American scholars as the absolute main force，Whether it is agreed or opposed，The argument between the two parties is basically in the British and American analysis philosophy frames。

In recent years，The domestic academic community has enriched the "Tuck -Wood Proposition"、Comprehensive theoretical analysis，But academic history、Analysis of the history of thought is still slightly insufficient。In fact，The generation of this proposition is related to the entire British and American Marxist academic circles after the rise of the new left movement in 1956。Before the rise of the new left movement，Why does Marxism basically not discuss literature、Culture、Moral、Ethics、Justice and other issues? In the final analysis, it is because of the great achievements of Soviet socialist construction，The orthodox status of the Soviet Marxism is as strong as a rock，These problems did not constitute a problem at the time。When the legitimacy of this status is seriously Bet365 lotto review questioned and challenged，Many problems are highlighted。British and American society noise about this、No sincerity is。It is at this historical turning point，The new British left thinker Edward Thompson wrote the very important article of "Socialist Humanism -Book of Philistines" in 1956: relation。For this，Thompson’s answer is negative。

Thompson thinks，At least in Marx，Marxism has nothing to do with morality。This involves Marx's thinking on revolutionary issues。Revolution is a very state of history。Under this very state，All normal things will temporarily stop playing a role。Therefore，All possible questions in normal conditions，In a very state, it does not constitute a problem。For example，Is the question of whether Marxism is justice，Under the great state of the revolution, it does not exist。Thompson pointed out: Marxism is actually not an immoral，but non -moral，or，It has nothing to do with morality。The key point is Article 11 of Marx's "Outline of Ferbaha": "philosophers just explain the world in different ways，The problem lies in changing the world。"Traditional philosophers are committed to explaining the world，Marx believes that the most important thing is to transform the world with the theory of science，This is the issue of revolution。Therefore，We understand that Marx's thoughts cannot be separated from the keyword of "Revolution"。What is the "revolution"? Lenin said，"Revolution is a grand festival of oppressed and exploited"。Relators of holiday and bet365 best casino games working days，Always a few。In other words，The "Revolution" that Marx's attention is likely to be a very small time in history、A very extreme state，instead of involving people's daily life status。But for most Western Marxists after Marx，Revolution is a concept of gradually becoming far away，They have to face more daily life。From this perspective，"Tucker -Wood Proposition" was very well understood after being proposed in the late 1960s.，Thinking and exploration of non -capitalist alternative choices occupy the mainstream。After the early 1980s，Capitalism of the entire European and American world has once again entered a long -term stable state，It was once considered that the socialist revolution in front of me seemed to be delayed again，In this historical background，Discussions on ethical issues and political issues in Marxist vision have emerged and become manifestations。

At the same period of the same period of the "Tucker -Wood Proposition" in Tucker，Israel's "Marx Xue" family Avinari put forward a very important point of view in the book "Marx's Society and Political Thought"，That is, Marx's political thought does not exist in the so -called "break" of youth and old age，The real change is the social and historical context of Marx's political thinking: before the UK in exile in 1849，Marx is mainly engaged in criticism and thinking based on German political practice in the German context; after this，Marx's political thinking objectively appeared in British reality、Conversion of the British context。Bet365 app download Avinaru's view is undoubtedly profound。Marx is a thinker who criticizes reality，Of course, his thoughts will not fundamentally "break" with the conversion of capitalist reality scenes，But the corresponding changes in the specific point of view and expression are inevitable。Therefore，We study Marx's political thought and historical logic，It is necessary to distinguish the three different social thoughts of its specific political thinking。

The first period of Marx。During this period，The real basis of Marx thinking is the social status of contemporary Germany and France，Theoretical resources are mainly French enlightenment thoughts and its various viary for socialism。From 1849 to 1883 Marx before the death of Marx was the second period of its political thinking。This period is a period when the development of British capitalism is strong，It is also between the British constitutional system between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat、The struggle between the bourgeois party is continuously improved、The goal of the charter movement is continuously realized。Revolution in 1848 and its previous European workers' classes that have failed to achieve the violent revolution in the European continental workers，However, in the UK, for a long time,、Not so violent way of struggle achieved。As a personal observer of this transformation process，Marx's political thinking inevitably changed: Of course, what he wants to solve is mainly German problems，But the political movement in the UK、Political bet365 Play online games struggle、Political changes have become a realistic basis that it cannot be erased，3997_4026。If we admit that the political thinking of Marx and Engels is an irritable overall，Then you will see，After Marx's death, before the death of Engels, the third period of Marx's political thinking continuity。During this period，Capitalist economy、Politics、Social development has achieved great success throughout Western Europe，The bourgeoisie began to firmly grasp the state power，But at the same time，The working class movement is also booming，Finally forced the bourgeoisie to recognize the legal right of the working class political struggle in the legal framework。This provides a new stage for the working class struggle，Open new space and new possibilities。Many ideas of Engels in his later years、Why does the saying change，The fundamental reason lies in this。

20th century 70、80s，Cambridge school represented by Kunting Skinner opposes the text centerism in the history of political thoughts，Proposal of contextualism research methods，It is emphasized to reveal the true intention of the thinker through the historical context.。This historical concept of conceptualism is not unprecedented to study Marx's political thought: leave Marx's text，or only Marx's text，We can't be complete、Display Marx's political thought world accurately; only the specific historical context of returning to Marx's political thinking，We can discover their true political thoughts from Marx's text。

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