Marx’s philosophical revolution started from criticizing idealist bonus bet365，Because of this，Marx’s philosophical revolution is often regarded as a subversion of metaphysics。There is nothing wrong with that，But it is not enough to just criticize the metaphysical way of thinking。Discover the new world by criticizing the old world，This is Marx’s consistent position。Marx’s Critique of Metaphysics、Criticism of idealism，The purpose is also to discover a new world by criticizing the old world。In "The German Ideology"，Marx pointed out，The biggest drawback of German bonus bet365 and the idealism it represents is what people say、Go and study what you imagined，From what only exists in words、Thinking about it、Imaginary、The person who imagined it set out to study。All of this is most fully reflected in the philosophers of the Young Hegelian movement。Marx made strong criticisms of the Young Hegelians，Thought they were just using words against words，Since they only oppose the words of the existing world，Then they are by no means against reality、The existing world。They have never been able to leave the base of Hegel’s bonus bet365，“Their polemics with Hegel and with each other，Limited to the fact that each of them seized on some aspect of Hegel's system to oppose his entire system，Or oppose those aspects that others have grasped"。The reason for this，Because "none of these philosophers thought of raising the question of the connection between German bonus bet365 and German reality，On the connection between their criticism and their own material environment”，It is in this sense，Marx pointed out that the entire Young Hegelian movement was just a "philosophical fraud"。

Marx’s exposure and criticism of idealist bonus bet365 and the Young Hegelian movement were profound、Thought-provoking，Still of great practical significance to this day。Marx’s criticism contains rich and important contents: one is a cleanup of his own thoughts，That is, to eliminate the belief in German bonus bet365。The second is to restore or re-establish bonus bet365 and era、The inseparable relationship between bonus bet365 and reality。The third is that this kind of criticism or bonus bet365 that lacks realistic content is just "mysterious self-awareness"。

Marx pointed out，This kind of speculative bonus bet365，Not only its answer，And even the question it raises，All contain mysticism，The reason is that it has no realistic premise，No actual content。The opposite，Marx emphasized that the premise of his bonus bet365 is human beings，But not someone who is in some illusory state of isolation and immutability，But in reality、Can be observed through experience、People in the process of development under certain conditions，It is their activities and their material living conditions，Including the material living conditions they obtain ready-made and created by their own activities。This is a major change，Marx opened up the direction of practical materialist thinking，Where speculation ends，In front of real life，This is where the real empirical science that describes people’s practical activities and actual development processes begins，The empty talk about consciousness will disappear，They must be replaced by true knowledge。

Therefore，Marx believes，Just describe this active life process，History is no longer what those empiricists who are still abstract believe it to be，bonus bet365 a collection of dead facts，bonus bet365 no longer what the idealists think，bonus bet365 the imaginative activity of the imaginary subject。

　Obviously，Marx criticizes idealism through bonus bet365，Eliminating the confusion of metaphysical fantasy and idealism，Restored bonus bet365、The true connection between thoughts and the world，Laid a solid foundation for true bonus bet365，Created a new way of thinking，Make bonus bet365 a scientific theory and way of thinking to understand the world，Provides theoretical guarantee for changing the world。This philosophical change is a great ideological revolution。

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How to understand Marx’s philosophical revolution？The more popular view is that it can be summarized into three turns: the first is from "how is the world possible" to "how is human liberation possible"。Because in the middle of the 19th century when Marx lived，Western society has entered a state of comprehensive alienation of human existence，The metaphysics that asks "how is the world possible?" cannot eliminate the alienated state of human existence，Marxist bonus bet365 takes the proletariat and human liberation as its themes，Answered “How is human liberation possible”。The second is to shift from the ontology of the universe to the ontology of human existence，From explaining the world to changing the world。Marxist bonus bet365 explores the way of human existence or ontology of existence，Changing the focus of bonus bet365 from the ontology of the universe to the ontology of human existence，Realized the unity of practical care and ultimate care for people。The third is to answer "How is human liberation possible" from the perspective of world view。The issue of human liberation is a question of how to view and deal with the relationship between man and the world，It’s a matter of worldview。Marxist bonus bet365 pays great attention to human practical activities and the relationship between man and nature and man and man that it contains and displays，Strive to "return the human world and human relationships to ourselves"，Achieve proletarian and human liberation。An in-depth and comprehensive discussion on this issue，Marxist bonus bet365 opens up a way to understand reality from ontology，Constructed a new materialist "critical world view"。

This judgment about Marx’s philosophical revolution cannot be said to be wrong，But it always gives people a specious feeling，It seems to explain Marxist bonus bet365 in a philosophical way that has long been subverted by Marx，And the so-called "critical world view" has even more unclear meaning，Hard to grasp。

Deeply understand Marx’s philosophical revolution，You can get inspiration from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s speech “Dialectical materialism is the worldview and methodology of the Chinese Communists” during the 20th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，Learn to master the unity of the world in matter、The principle that matter determines consciousness，Insist on formulating policies based on objective reality、Promote work。The principle of material unity of the world is the most basic of dialectical materialism、The core point of view，Is the cornerstone of Marxist bonus bet365。Engels pointed out: "The true unity of the world lies in its materiality，And this materiality is not proved by a few words from a magician，But it is proved by the long-term and continuous development of bonus bet365 and natural science。”Follow this view，The most important thing is to insist on proceeding from objective reality in everything，Rather than starting from subjective wishes。The principle of material unity of the world emphasized by General Secretary Xi Jinping and all its implications based on reality，While criticizing the idealist way of thinking，The emphasis is precisely on bonus bet365 or thought and era、That close connection with reality，That is, problem awareness、Problem orientation and realistic guidance。General Secretary Xi Jinping’s elucidation of Marxist bonus bet365 is highly consistent with Marx’s philosophical revolution。

Therefore，Marx’s philosophical revolution has a strong problem orientation and realistic content，Cannot be understood as a critical theory or critical bonus bet365，It cannot be understood as similar to the social criticism of the Frankfurt School、A theory like cultural criticism or French critical bonus bet365。Marx pointed out，“All forms and products of consciousness cannot be eliminated through spiritual criticism，Isn’t it possible to dissolve them into ‘self-awareness’ or turn them into ‘strange shadows’、‘Ghost’、‘Weird thoughts’ and so on are here to eliminate，And only by actually overturning the real social relations from which all these idealistic fallacies arise，In order to destroy them；The dynamics of history and religion、The driving force of bonus bet365 and any other theory is revolution，Instead of criticizing”。This kind of revolution is both an ideological revolution and a world revolution，That is, "the revolutionization of the world"，It cannot be from the past，And you can only draw your own poetry from the future。

Therefore，Marx’s materialism and his worldview，Founded the humanities、The scientific foundation of bonus bet365 and social sciences，Provides a solid foundation for people to correctly understand the world，Enable human beings to truly understand and grasp the world scientifically for the first time。

　　The question of why people: a concentrated expression of the revolutionary nature of Marx’s bonus bet365

Marx’s materialism and worldview have a clear stance，It bluntly states that bonus bet365 for the proletariat、Serving the working class，bonus bet365 the proletariat、Working class worldview，Is the proletariat、The powerful ideological weapon of the working class to transform the world。Engels pointed out，Marx’s great achievement is that “it was he who first made the modern proletariat realize its status and needs，Be aware of the conditions for your own liberation”。bonus bet365 precisely because of Marx’s materialism and the creation of his worldview，The proletariat has realized its status and requirements for the first time，Be aware of your own liberating conditions，Form a strong class consciousness，Consciously shoulder the mission entrusted to them by the times。

This involves an important but often confusing issue，The so-called proletariat、Class issues。In Marx，Materialist bonus bet365 as Proletariat、Working class worldview，With the proletariat、The union of the working class is natural，This is the essential attribute of his bonus bet365。Marx always emphasized this combination。As early as 1843，Marx proposed materialist bonus bet365 and the proletariat、Problems of working class relations，Make it clear，“bonus bet365 regards the proletariat as its material weapon，Same，The proletariat also regards bonus bet365 as its spiritual weapon”；And Marx also emphasized，“The liberation of the Germans is the liberation of man。This liberated mind is bonus bet365，At its heart is the proletariat”。Here，Marx clearly stated the relationship between bonus bet365 and the proletariat、The relationship between proletarian liberation and human liberation: the proletariat "announces the disintegration of the hitherto world system，It’s just revealing the secret of one’s own existence，Because it is the actual disintegration of this world system”。Obviously，In Marx’s bonus bet365，Human liberation must pass through the proletariat、To achieve the liberation of the working class，This is a basic principle，It is also a typical feature of the practical character of Marxist bonus bet365。

In fact, the proletariat mentioned by Marx、The working class and its class issues，It is a philosophical position。The principle of party spirit emphasized by Lenin mainly refers to this position。The "class consciousness" discussed by other philosophers such as Lukács is also a matter of this philosophical stance。Every bonus bet365 has its own position，bonus bet365 without a standpoint does not exist。Just in all philosophies，Only Marxist bonus bet365 explicitly states its position。

Why human problems are essential problems in bonus bet365 and social sciences，Also any kind of thought、A problem that cannot be escaped in any kind of academic。A thought、A kind of academic can conceal its position，But there is absolutely no way to escape。Because of this，General Secretary Xi Jinping particularly emphasized the question of why people in his speech at the bonus bet365 and Social Sciences Work Symposium，It is the core of Marxism，It is the most concentrated expression of the revolutionary nature of Marxist bonus bet365。Only if the question of why is solved，Only in order to stick to the right direction in theory and practice，Only then can we truly understand、Understand and grasp the revolutionary nature of Marxist bonus bet365。

　(Author’s affiliation: School of Marxism, Sun Yat-sen University)