Scholars of contemporary Italian Marxism discussed the issue of "community" to form a very distinctive faction。They inherit Marx's community thought to a certain extent，But the root cause of not aware of the dilemma of the community lies in the "atomic" individuals in the civil society cannot be connected into a true community，That is the consortium of a free person in the sense of Marx。

　　bet365 best casino games Political philosophers in the traditional sense starting from ancient Greece have put politics into a very lofty position，It is believed that the maintenance of the community except for survival pressure or because of the needs of interests，There are higher purposes。and contemporary Italian Marxist scholar for this higher goodness is a negative attitude。Although some sociologists have also proposed the existence of the community, there is no need to have higher goodness，and can maintain it by relying on interests，But the way Italian philosopher discusses the purpose of the community is different，They do not think that interests are the fundamental to maintain the community。They all agree that the common good is false，Although the common dependence they understand, the things they understand are different。A -Gump believes that this higher good is a camouflage，Hidden under this camouflage is naked life，The community really depends on a sexual rejection structure。Esporto thinks，The maintenance of the community relies on responsibility，An internal responsibility isolated from the outside world。Agan and Espooto's thoughts on the community have seen that people need to rely on a separation to distinguish inside and outside，Then imagine and confirm the internal nature through external nature。For Nigri and Hart，Community maintenance depends on a common and common struggle goal，The collection of Volkswagen is a passive community abandoned by modern politics。

　　2，Political Philosophy、The community theory of sociology believes that the community must correspond to a entity，and the community of contemporary Italian Marxist scholars does not have a entity。Contemporary Italian Marxist scholars on another basic question of the community，The relationship between the individual and the overall discusses，They believe that the relationship between individuals and the overall overall is not necessarily contradictory。Whether there is a physical problem with the relationship between individuals and overall problems is closely related，It is precisely because the community of political philosophy and sociology always contacted with the common body concept of a historical period，Always correspond to a certain entity，or the individual and the overall in practice always have inevitable contradictions。Italian Marxist scholar is different，Their thinking about the community is not a community that corresponds to reality，but facing the new possibility of the future。

A -Gump's emphasizes the uniqueness of members of the community，He emphasized that people can only work Bet365 app download together to create a new community，There is no internal and external divisions between members of this community，There is no identity and identity，There is no containing sexual rejection structure。Negri also emphasizes the uniqueness of community members，I hope to realize community production in the mass of diversity。Enspooto emphasized that people cannot always eliminate the preset heterogeneous risk out of the community，should allow the community to accept members who are heterogeneous as much as possible，Just as people get immune function in the virus，The community will become larger and larger in this immune system，instead of killing all dangerous and heterogeneous members in advance as possible。In short,，They all emphasize that the community must recognize and accept the diversity of their members。

　　third，Italian Marxist scholars criticize the old community from the perspective of life and politics，Proposal to your true community view。But the way they realize the community are different。A -Gangben describes capitalist society as a landscape society，He hopes to realize a community that is inseparable from life through the potential implementation form。Hart and Nigri called the bourgeois community as the Empire，They hope to achieve a new community through "running"。Espooth hopes to remove the life politics of death through immunity。

Hart and Negri hope that the public will expand the commonality，By increasing the main consciousness，Realizing resistance to the empire。How do Estocyo connect immune to the community? first，The root of immune and community Bet365 app download is Mumus，That is responsibility。Ensporto first associates the two through the source of the word source。Next，Immunity is not only at the personal level，Also the community。At the same time, immune is an intermediary for individuals and communities，It is a regulator that maintains the balance and stability of the community。Another，Immunity is the protection mechanism of the community，It is also the construction mechanism of the community。Last，The community is the same as the immune system，All need to build or imagine an externality，to form your own internality。and A -Gump is a community that is inseparable from life through the potential to realize the form of form and life that is inseparable from life。This potential is not the ability to do，but the ability not to do。

Generally speaking，Ensporto's community theory is subject to Derrida、The influence of Halavi，Related immune theory with the theory of community，provided a unique direction for life politics。But what he still needs to respond is，To what extent does the other who absorb and adapt to the differences of others is safe。or，Do you need a standard to measure the threat index of different things，Accept the threat index to a certain range，It will not cause the immune system to be killed by the immune system that has been threatened by foreign threats。For example, in front of the new crown virus threatened others，How should people be good?

The path of the community theory of A -Gangben is subject to Aristotle、Dan Ding、Kayev、Bataya、Nangxi、Inspiration of Brown Shaw。His traditional proposition Bet365 app download from political philosophy，That is the issue of individual and overall relationship，and Bataya、French thinkers such as Nanyi and Brown Shaw，The community of French thinkers emphasizes emotion more，Emphasize individual life flow，And A -Gump's hope is a community that neither lack of individual vitality and abide by a certain overall norms。But the problem that A -Gump is still not solved is，Why can you achieve potential in the community? Although the individual and overall he mentioned cannot be divided into a certain extent, this problem responded to this problem，But the reasons for the potential of community physical fitness are still not fully discussed。Another，He thinks to wait for the moment when Messiah comes，What else can human reality do before the emergence of Messiah?，Al -Gump did not give answers。

The community theory of Hart and Nigri is affected by Spearza。What extent does their community also retain unique problems in the extent，They are pursuing a community that emphasizes heterogeneity like Espooso and A -Gumpeben，But how can I truly bypass the contradiction between the individual and the overall to achieve the harmony of the two，None of them give a good answer。Whether it is needed，How to achieve commonability in heterogeneity，They are all unable to respond。Another，Negri's community thought hopes to replace the old community with a community shared by property and power，Its implementation method，A decentralization，The path to oppose the country and political parties is utopian。Although Hart、Negri is like A -Gangben who is unwilling to admit that his thoughts are bet365 Play online games Utopia，But they are actually waiting for the advent of an event to achieve liberation。

If the enlightenment philosopher liberates the legitimacy of the community from God，Give it to an abstract contract，So whether it is the utilitarian of the UK，Or German historicalism and Marxism，All have been liberated from this abstraction。Although Raers brought back this abstract political philosophy tradition，But contemporary Italian Marxist scholars break the abstraction again in this case，Reminds people to understand the legitimacy of the community from social relations，In this sense, inherited the tradition of Marxism。Another，Italian Marxist scholar surpasses the community thought of traditional political philosophy and sociology，The community thought of the latter always focuses on civic society。and the Italian Marxist scholar did not use the civic society as the final community form，On the contrary，It is used as a development stage，In this sense, it breaks through the dilemma of individuals and overall opposition，To a certain extent, inherited Marx's community thought。

Unfortunately，Italian Marxist scholar does not realize the fundamental point of the community problem，The solution of the community they proposed is also Utopia。The community solution proposed by Marx，Communism，Not the imagination of Utopia，It is generated in a civil society but surpassed。Marx analyzed the three community forms of the former capitalist society，In these three forms，Platerality is more source than individuality。This integrity in the capitalist community has been eliminated，A community Bet365 app download based on atomic individuals appears.，and communism is a call for overall，It is proposed by the height of historical materialism。In this sense，The community view proposed by Italian Marxist scholars is still far less than Marx。

　　(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Nanjing University)