The proletarian revolutionary Lenin once praised Rosa Luxemburg (hereinafter referred to as "Luxemburg") as "always an eagle"。Luxemburg’s life was short，But he left behind valuable ideological wealth。In the process of long-term political bet365 code practice，Luxembourg has formed an understanding of the construction of proletarian bet365 code organizations。

　　The path of dual exploration of theory and practice

The proletarian bet365 code activities in Russia and Germany have profoundly affected Luxembourg’s understanding of bet365 code building。At the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor bet365 code in 1903，There are huge differences within the bet365 code on the principle of bet365 code building organization，Russian Social Democratic Labor bet365 code officially split。Lenin in "Further Steps，Two steps back，Russia must implement new bet365 code organization principles。Luxemburg, who is always paying attention to the development of the Russian proletarian bet365 code, saw the principles of bet365 code organization proposed by Lenin，Written the article "Organizational Problems of the Russian Social Democratic bet365 code" to discuss his views on the organizational principles of bet365 code building。Luxemburg criticized the organizational principles proposed by Lenin，And pointed out that "self-centralism" is the correct principle for bet365 code building。Meanwhile，There are also major differences within her German Social Democratic bet365 code，The Marxist guiding ideology mainly reflected within the German Social Democratic bet365 code has been impacted by Bernstein and others，The prevalence of opportunist ideas within the bet365 code。From this，Luxemburg’s personal experience of political bet365 code activities strengthened her belief in constantly thinking about the construction of political bet365 code organizations。

Luxemburg’s conclusion on the thought of bet365 code organization construction is not simply at the theoretical level，It is also formed from the accumulated practical experience of political parties。Starting from middle school，Luxembourg actively participated in socialist group activities，Participate in bet365 code propaganda work。Especially after the establishment of the Social Democratic bet365 code of the Kingdom of Poland，Luxemburg became one of the main leaders in the bet365 code。As the theoretical leader of the bet365 code，Served as the editor-in-chief and important writer of the bet365 code’s official newspaper “Workers’ Cause”。After graduating from college，Luxembourg joins the German Social Democratic bet365 code。At the moment when revisionist thoughts emerge within the bet365 code，She is at the forefront of criticizing Bernsteinism。After the outbreak of World War I，The German Social Democratic bet365 code betrayed socialism and proletarian internationalism。Luxembourg decides to establish a leftist organization。In December 1918, Luxemburg participated in the founding meeting of the bet365 code as one of the founders and leaders of the German Communist bet365 code。The rich experience in political bet365 code activities has laid a practical foundation for the formation of Luxembourg’s ideas on bet365 code organization construction。

　　Pay attention to the formulation of organizational principles

　Luxemburg’s organizational principle of centralism within the bet365 code proposed by Lenin in 1904，Written an article titled "Organizational Problems of the Russian Social Democratic bet365 code"。In this article，Luxembourg emphasizes that proletarian parties need to pay attention to organizational building，Especially the formulation of organizational principles。

Luxemburg in the debate with Lenin on the principles of bet365 code organization，Formed the organizational principle of "self-centralization"。Fundamentally speaking，Luxemburg and Lenin have no fundamental differences in the principles of bet365 code organization。The main differences between the two focus on the degree and content of concentration。Luxemburg advocates the realization of majority democracy while implementing centralism within the bet365 code，That is, the opinions of the majority must be concentrated in the bet365 code’s decision-making process。At the same time，Luxembourg pays more attention to the close ties between the bet365 code and the people。The activities of the proletarian bet365 code need to unite the masses of the people to carry out revolutionary struggle，We must fully mobilize the organic connection between the political bet365 code and the people。Democracy creates various political forms (autonomy、Suffrage rights, etc.)，When the proletariat transforms capitalist society，It can serve as a springboard and support point。Proletariat in Democracy，In the fight for democracy，In the exercise of democratic rights，Aware of one’s own class interests and one’s own historical mission。At the same time，Only if broad democracy is implemented within the bet365 code，Only in this way can we effectively prevent and control bureaucracy and corruption within the bet365 code。

Correctly handle the relationship between the central government and the grassroots，Is another important content of Luxembourg organization building。In the article "Organizational Problems of Russian Social Democracy"，Luxemburg profoundly analyzed the organizational principles of bet365 code building proposed by Lenin。Luxembourg thinks，The direction proposed by Lenin to strengthen centralism within the bet365 code is correct，However, it is biased in understanding the relationship between the central government and grassroots organizations。Luxembourg thinks，In the process of building a proletarian political bet365 code，The central government should give grassroots organizations relatively flexible power to act，To ensure the smooth development of the proletarian revolution。“If the strategy of the Social Democratic bet365 code were not determined by the Central Committee，But by the whole bet365 code，More precisely，Were formulated by the entire movement，Then the bet365 code organizations at all levels obviously need to have freedom of action，In order to single-handedly promote the full use of all means provided by the situation at that time to strengthen the struggle and unleash the revolutionary initiative。”Luxemburg believes that giving local bet365 code organizations corresponding freedom of action does not mean abandoning centralism，It does not mean that it will completely move towards decentralism。In Luxembourg’s view，Freedom of action of grassroots organizations can enhance the vitality of proletarian revolutionary activities，Thus increasing the effectiveness of the proletarian revolution。

Luxembourg also recognizes the importance of parliamentary groups in bet365 code building。The German Social Democratic bet365 code has actively participated in German parliamentary activities since its establishment，The German Social Democratic bet365 code established an independent parliamentary group in the Reichstag。Luxembourg is discussing the issue of organization building，Also has clear opinions on the issue of congressional caucuses。

On the one hand，As a political representative of the proletarian bet365 code，The public actions and remarks of the congressional caucus represent the bet365 code’s political stance and interest demands。At the same time，The words and deeds of the congressional bet365 code in parliamentary activities will in turn further affect the bet365 code’s policy guidelines。Luxembourg thinks，“The parliamentary group engaged in parliamentary activities determines the fate and tasks of the bet365 code ideologically and strategically”。In "issues involving the bet365 code's principles or important strategic issues，There is no need for a Social Democratic group，There is no reason to treat the results of their discussion as a private matter"。Because，The discussion of congressional groups is not only the task of parliamentary activities itself，It also represents the development demands of the entire proletarian bet365 code。

On the other hand，The congressional caucus is also the spokesperson for the interests of the masses。Luxembourg recognizes the popular character of the German Social Democratic bet365 code’s parliamentary group。Therefore，She emphasized that the congressional bet365 code group should maintain close contact with the people，This move is to prevent the emergence of opportunistic thoughts within the bet365 code group。Luxembourg thinks，Only by giving full play to the advantages of the congressional bet365 code，In order to turn the congressional bet365 code group into the "spokesperson and megaphone for national mass agitation"。It can be seen through Luxembourg’s positioning of the parliamentary group，The proletarian struggle in Germany also requires the support and cooperation of the parliamentary group。

　　Ensure the correctness of organizational principles

On the issue of bet365 code organization building，Luxembourg pays more attention to the leadership of organizational spirit。In the process of building a proletarian political bet365 code，No organizational form can be established without flaws，The premise is to ensure the correctness of the organizational principles。

​​一，The enrichment of “self-centralism” to democratic centralism。The "self-centralism" idea proposed by Luxemburg not only advocates strengthening centralism within the bet365 code，At the same time, we also pay attention to the importance of majority democracy。Luxembourg can take precautions in understanding the relationship between democracy and centralism，It is closely related to her long-term living in the social environment of Western Europe。The outstanding contribution of the idea of ​​"self-centralism" is，She realized the importance of correctly handling the relationship between democracy and centralism earlier than Lenin。

Since the founding of the Communist bet365 code of China，Adhere to the organizational principle of democratic centralism。The relationship between democracy and centralism should be mutually reinforcing、mutually reinforcing，Centralization on the basis of democracy，Democracy under centralized guidance。The implementation of democratic centralism can not only guarantee intra-bet365 code democracy，Strengthening intra-bet365 code supervision，Improve the bet365 code’s ability to purify itself，At the same time, it can unify the thoughts within the bet365 code，Concentrate efforts to do big things，Highlight the superiority of socialism with Chinese characteristics。The Communist bet365 code of China is in the process of bet365 code building，Continuously explore scientific methods to implement democratic centralism。Standardize the implementation of democratic centralism from the institutional level，The formulation and promulgation of the "Regulations on Requesting Instructions and Reporting on Major Matters of the Communist bet365 code of China" is an important measure to implement democratic centralism。The bet365 code has stipulated this issue in the form of regulations，Not only strict intra-bet365 code political discipline、The need for organizational discipline and work discipline，At the same time, it also ensures the smooth flow of government orders，Important measures to safeguard the authority of the bet365 code Central Committee。

　Second，The policy of building internal bet365 code organizations is to put the people at the center。The mass view of history is one of the core ideas of Marxist theory。Marx and Engels once spoke highly of the role of the masses，Pointed out that “historical activities are activities of the masses，With the deepening of historical activities，It will definitely expand the ranks of the masses”。Deeply influenced by Marxist theory，Luxembourg fully attaches importance to the power of the people。On the issue of the organizational principles of political parties，Luxembourg always emphasizes the importance of the masses。

The people are the social force that the Chinese Communist bet365 code has long relied on，Revolution in our country、Various stages of construction and reform，All participated and made indelible contributions。For example，During the Anti-Japanese War，Mao Zedong when thinking about leadership methods，The combination of leadership and the masses is one of the important leadership methods。"In all practical work of our bet365 code，Any correct leadership，Must come from the masses，Go among the masses。”

Third，In the construction of inner-bet365 code organizations, we must establish Marxist ideals and beliefs。Late 19th century and early 20th century，New changes in world economics and politics，Prompted Marxists to rethink the applicability of Marxist theory to reality。Luxemburg was deeply influenced by Marxism during his university years，By studying philosophy and political economic theory，Continuously think about the new changes in capitalism and the applicability of Marxist theory，Insist on taking Marxist thought as the guiding ideology of the proletarian bet365 code。

Examining Luxembourg’s organization building ideas from a development perspective，Not only must we see the predictability of the theory，We should also recognize the limitations of ideas based on the social and historical background。In terms of organization building ideas，The limitation of Luxembourg is mainly that it ignores the differences in national conditions between Russia and Western Europe、Ignoring the historical limitations of the masses and the operability of bet365 code practice。It can be said，Luxemburg has been on the road to realizing communism all his life，And gave his precious life，She used her personal actions to practice her lofty belief in Marxism。

And for today’s political parties，To always maintain vitality and vitality，The most important thing is to always pay attention to the construction of your own organization，We must always regard the organizational construction of the political bet365 code itself as a long-term task and work unremittingly。A political bet365 code，A man with ideals、A political bet365 code with conviction，Must start from one’s own nature and beliefs，Improve the construction of political parties with the times，In order to maintain vitality and strong combat effectiveness，Only in order to win in the real struggle。

　　(This article is a phased result of the 2019 Research Fund Key Project "Rosa Luxemburg's Crisis Theory and Methodological Significance" of the School of Marxism, Renmin University of China)

(Author’s affiliation: School of Marxism, Renmin University of China)