Different from the study of "discourse" problems in the language structure and function of linguistics，Western Marxism places discourse in the reality of social history to investigate it、Development and Application，Interpretation and deepening the dialogue from different angles。The understanding and development of dialogue language in different historical periods，All reflect the response that Western Marxism has questioned the classic Marxism and the strategy proposed by the socialist movement in the new situation。To some extent，This is a positive attempt to start from contemporary issues，Pioneering the research field of Marxist theory。but，Among them, the limitations of Western Marxism exist in Western Marxism，It is mainly manifested in its departure of the basic point of view of Marxism and the idealistic color that it presented。

On the one hand，The exaggeration of the status of Western Marxism dialogue deviates from the basic point of view of Marxism。In the ideological theory of Aducei，Discourse appears as the intermediary of the subject and ideology，The false subject passively accepted ideological instilling through the ruling class's words，Only becomes the real subject。Alduse ignored the subjective initiative of the subject because bet365 best casino games he emphasized the effect of ideology，This directly leads to the ideological theory of its constructive ideology that violates the basic point of view of Marx's relationship with society and social consciousness，It also lost the scientific basis for the political struggle of the ruling class，Make it as a result in Utopia -style "class struggle"。In the theory of communication behavior in Habermas，He tried to establish an ideal "discourse democracy"，Democratic dialogue through the discourse demonstration of members of social members，Affects the Public Opinions、Administrative and judicial process，So as to establish a fair and equal democratic procedure of the entire society。The exaggeration of the dialogue language of Habermas is that he believes that the decisive power of social history is not production labor，but social communication，Based on the discourse，Ignoring the foundation of social practice。In the hegemony theory of Laklah and Murphy，They put forward the point of view of "discourse to make the subject"，Negative the decisive role of Marx's economic foundation on the upper building，Instead。Laklau and Murphy will establish the main identity、In the relationship between incidentality，Acknowledge the instability and diversity of identity，People are no longer "the sum of all social relations"，It has become the sum of the discourse relationship，From this negating the point of view of Marx using the bet365 Play online games proletariat as the power of the future social representative，Eliminated the binary class confrontation。So，Laklau and Murphy have deviated from the basic perspective of dialectical materialism，The way of thinking in metaphysics believes that Marxism solidifies the essence of things，Enter a misunderstanding of non -decision theory。

"People’s consciousness，With people’s living conditions、People’s social relationship、Change the changes in people's society "，Society determines social consciousness，It is Marx's analysis of capitalist society、The theoretical basis that forms the doctrine of surplus value。Marx thinks，"Language is a practice、It exists for others and exists for myself、Awareness of Reality "，Dialogue is also a part of social consciousness in essence，Social consciousness has an important position in social life，But the historical view of materialism does not consider social consciousness to be the first sex element that played a role in social life。Production practice is the most basic activity of people，Only "real individuals" in production practice have a sense of conceptual sense，The relationship between people in production practice is the most basic social relationship。Consciousness is the product of society from the beginning，It is not a subject independent of social material，It is not the intuition of nature from social practice，Although there is a certain bet365 live casino games relative independent，But in the final analysis, it is determined by the society。The exaggeration of the status of the dialogue and the neglect of social practice ultimately leads to the deviation of the contradictions of the capitalist social class，So the judgment of revolutionary forces and revolutionary strategies made mistakes。As Marx said when Marx said when the basic ideological tendency of the young Hegel faction: "The ideology of the young Hegel faction is full of the so -called‘ shocking world ’words，But is the biggest conservative。If you say，The youngest among them claims to fight for the opposition of 'words and sentences'，Then express their activity exactly。But they forgot: they just use words to oppose these words; since they only oppose the words of this world，So they are definitely not the existing world that opposes reality。"" "material power" that is not used for practice，Then "changing the world" becomes empty talk。

On the other hand，Western Marxism, based on the lack of materialist history, "innovation" has certain idealism colors。Alduse, when the lack of analysis of real society contradictions is necessary，Leave the theory of class struggle，Talk about ideas from a pure subject angle，It can only build a utopian "class struggle" at the theoretical level。Habermar's ideal "discourse democracy" procedure on the surface is seeking a generalization、Volkswagen political participation form，But in the actual cultural literacy of citizens、bet365 Play online games Participation of the willingness and institutional guarantee all put forward higher requirements，Lack of certain operability。Laklaw and Murphy hope to build discourse leadership to replace the proletarian revolution，But due to the lack of specific analysis of the nature and social relationships，also made the radical democracy they advocated ignore the individual's differential democracy，Finally, the theory flows in form。

Dested，Idealism does not only exist in Western Marxist discourse theory，Many genres of Western Marxism，idealism with imaginative characteristics is the common characteristics of Western Marxism。Western Marxist theorists are the same as traditional Marxist theorists in pursuing goals，All are seeking to eliminate capitalism、The path and direction of realizing communism，But the difference is that Western Marxism has "correction" and "transformation" for Marxism in the beginning and development of Western Marxism。In basic theory，Start with the basic point of view of negating Marx's "economic foundation determines the upper building"，Decisive the decisive role of economic foundation on social development，Therefore, class exploitation is denied、The facts of the confrontation between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie。On the revolutionary subject，The class attributes of the proletariat of the revolutionary subject in traditional Marxism gradually weakened，The main force of the revolution Bet365 app download is not limited to the proletariat，The choice of the revolutionary subject is more diverse and open。In the revolutionary method，Although Western Marxism hopes to build an equality、Freedom、The ideal society of democracy，But they tried to not overturn capitalist production methods，Complete the revolution with a struggle in the form of consciousness or cultural criticism。On the path selection，Although Western Marxism also criticizes and exposes the main source of the capitalist social crisis in theory，But lacks a specific and feasible strategy and method in the practical activity of transforming capitalism，Make all theories a "Air Tower"。

Under the background of the rapid change of the environment at home and abroad，Dialogue is not only an important way for interpersonal communication，It has also become an ideological symbol that represents the concept of value。Changes in the era urged the innovation of theory，But I want to take the initiative in international competition，It is necessary。The development experience of history has been told，Giving up Marxism theory is not a way to solve problems，On the contrary，The test of the era should be able to strengthen our understanding of Marxism's scientific nature，Through the practical power of Marxism，Further respond to the complex challenges of the external world。

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(Author Unit: Institute of Philosophy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)