Translation is human needs for communication，Cross -cultural thinking conversion and production practice with the help of different language symbolic systems。National translation practice refers to the name of the country、Autonomous translations implemented to achieve self -interest goals。In the history of Chinese and foreign translation，Translation event with "historical" significance，Most of them reflect the will of the country。Those who come from outside the domain、Have the advantage of mother tongue、Cooperate with local translators，Even translators who are engaged in independent translation，It is a special group in the practice of national translation。

Not long after the founding of the Communist Party of China，With the demand for foreign exchanges。The 1930s，Translate some of Mao Zedong's works into Russia、Ying、De、The tasks of foreign languages ​​such as law mainly depend on the power of the Communist International。At the Yan'an period，Most of the foreign publicity and foreign affairs work also need the help of foreign translators。At that time, Ma Haide, a PhD in American Medical Doctor of the CPC Foreign Affairs Group and Xinhua News Agency consultant，Actively participate in foreign affairs activities and foreign publicity work，Help Xinhua News Agency created the English Department，Postering English bet365 Play online games messages abroad，​​I also often wrote a manuscript for the foreign publicity publication "China Communications" published at the time。Lord of the United Kingdom, Lin Mai can participate in China Anti -Japanese，The position of the Radio Communication Consultant of the Eighteenth Army Command of the Eighteenth Army of the Army，Assisting the newly established Xinhua News Agency British Broadcasting Department Runcai Draft。1948，​​Alan Weinenton sent to China by the Central Committee of the Communist Party，Become the first official foreign expert in Xinhua News Agency，Make outstanding contributions to the establishment of the Xinhua News Agency's external communication system。

　　bet365 best casino games

After the founding of the People's Republic of China，National translation practice is gradually incorporated into institutionalized track，System、Large -scale translation input and output expand。The external translation of "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" is the organizational implementation under the direct leadership of the Party Central Committee。where，Volume 1-3 Russian translation is completed by Sino -Soviet translator，The translations of other languages ​​have foreign language experts to help moisturize processing。The Soviet Ambassador to China, Eugene, was assigned to China by Stalin，While helping China to edit and publish the Chinese version of "Mao Zedong Selection"，Assisting the review of Russian translation of "Mao Zedong Selection"。Stalin read his translation of "Contradiction" and "Practice Theory"，Give bet365 Play online games high evaluation，Published in the theoretical journal "Bolshevik" magazine of the Central Committee of the CPSU。During 1952-1953，Eugene's "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" in charge of translation and editor is published in Moscow。Except Eugene，There are other foreign translators participating in the translation work of Mao Zedong and other leaders' works，For example, Li Sha's wife, Li Sha, participated in the "Mao Zedong Selected Works" Volume 1-4 Russian version for review、"Selected Works of Zhou Enlai" Russian version of the Russian version; Polish Emansan translated "On the Live War" into English，Also translated the "Yellow River Chorus" with Ye Junjian into English; the Austrian Wei Lushi was a German expert in the "People's Pictorial" in a German expert;，translated 450,000 words for the London version of "China Encyclopedia"，and at the invitation of Foreign Language Press, translated the novel "In the Day of Peace" and "Bitter Caudor"。1988，Wu Xueli is invited to Beijing at the invitation of the CPC Central Marxism -Leninism Compilation Bureau，Translation Li Peng、Some first drafts reported by Yao Yilin at the seventh session of the country。Wu Xueli's translation was recognized and praised by experts from the relevant leaders of the State Council and experts from the Central Marxist -Leninism Compilation Bureau of the Communist Party of China。The above four foreign translators later joined Chinese nationality。

Working in Foreign Language Press、The American Joan Ping Kam, an American Joan Pingkam, 8 years of the Central Marxist -Leninism Compilation Bureau of the CPC，and bet365 Play online games participated in Zhou Enlai、Translation of the works of leaders such as Chen Yun。The British Dubini worked in Foreign Language Press from 1980 to 1983，Translated Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium"。British Bai Xia worked in "Chinese Literature" magazine from 1977 to 1984，As an English expert。British translator Barnes, please，I translated Cao Yu’s "Thunderstorm" with Wang Zuo Liang，Also translated Cao Yu's script "Sunrise"、Mao Dun's novel "Zi Ye"、Ye Shengtao's novel "Ni Huanzhi"、Wu Qiang's novel "Red Day"、The recovered novel "Shanghai Morning"。other，Barnes also co -translated Guo Moruo's poem "Goddess"。British diplomat Derek Ban Yiming Foreign Language Press, please，Translated Zhou Libo's novel "Mountains and Township" and Jinshan's script "Red Storm"。

　　Foreign translators in the translation of excellent literary works

The Chinese Literation, which was founded to shape and spread the image of the New China, was established as a gift for the National Day gift on October 1, 1951。Among the four main translators at the beginning, there are two foreign translators: Shabeli and Dai Naida。After that, I hired Ying、People who love Chinese literature such as Chinese literature translate Chinese and contemporary works for "Chinese Literature"。In 1964, the French version of "Chinese Literature" was added。Most of the translation works published in "Chinese Literature" are completed by the Chinese and foreign translator teams。

Dai Nailian translated "Dream of Red Mansions", "Historical Records", "Chu Ci", "Selection of Lu Xun Novels" and "Mao Zedong Poetry" and "Mao Zedong Poetry", etc.。She has translated a Bet365 lotto review lot of modern and contemporary Chinese literary works， Such as Zhao Shuli's novel "The Change of Lijiazhuang"、Yi Poetry "Ashima"、Zhang Tianyi's fairy tale "Dalin and Kobayashi" and "The Secret of Bao Gourd"、Shen Congwen's novel "Border City" and Zhang Jie's works of female writers。

31 -year -old American Veterans Sarawan came to China in 1947，He sympathizes and supports the revolution led by the Communist Party of China。1949，Shabo participated in the founding ceremony，soon translated the newly published combat novel "New Children Heroes"。His translation was published in New York in 1952，This is the first new Chinese "red" work in the American book market。Shabo Li has successively worked in three institutions under the China Foreign Literature Bureau，Fully invest in the task of translating Chinese modern literary works。He translated Lao She's "Crescent"、Basin's "Home"、Mao Dun's "Spring Silk"，and "Fire Fire", "Defend Yan'an", "Lin Hai Xueyuan", "Spring and Autumn" and other red works，Translation of 198 kinds。where，"Water Margin" translated by Shabuli is highly praised overseas，In 2005, he was selected as "Greater China Library"。

Translation of the four classic masterpieces of Chinese literature, including "Water Margin"，In fact, the translation and publishing plan of the Chinese Bureau of Literature and Cultural Agency in the 1960s。This plan adopts the mode of Chinese and foreign translators。In this background，Yang Xianyi and Dai Naidin translated "Dream of Red Mansions"，American sinologist Luo Muru and Ren Jiazheng translated "The Romance Bet365 lotto review of the Three Kingdoms"，British Sinologist Jenar and Tang Bowen translated "Journey to the West"。

　The academic value studied by foreign translator research

Foreign translators in the practice of national translation are an important subject of Chinese translation in Chinese translation history，Their foreign translation practice provides a practical basis and data basis for translation theoretical research。Some foreign translators are good at theoretical thinking，According to your independent translation practice，Over the valuable theoretical summary of translation of Hanwai。

National Translation Agency follows the national macro -cultural foreign policy，Formulate an external translation publishing plan，Select and review translation materials。Openness of this job、complexity，Objectively determining that the national translation practice needs to adopt a comprehensive integrated translation mode，The core of this model is the expert system。The translator group is the leading of the national translation practice expert system，Must be comprehensive construction planning and character division，Prevent and correct the bad thinking mode，To realize interactive cooperation with other translator groups。Foreign translator's natural mother tongue advantages and comprehensive cultural model can make up for the shortcomings of the local translator，Then the construction of an expert system for national translation practice，This is extremely favorable for the realization of the implementation of national translation practical goals。

(This article is the Study Research on the bet365 Play online games History of National Social Science Foundation of the National Social Science Foundation (18byy019) in phased achievements)

(Author Unit: School of Foreign Languages ​​of Ocean University of China)