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Bronze wares are the most common and main burial utensils in the tombs of the Shang and Zhou dynasties，An important criterion for judging the grade of the tomb and the owner of the tomb。Beyond the tomb，In the blending interaction between the local ethnic groups of the dynasty and the Huaxia ethnic group，Combination of copper ceremony、Features such as features and other orientation will not only reflect the characteristics of specific ethnic culture，The reduction of the advancement and retreat of the power of the Central Plains dynasty can also play a role in the "barometer"。

In the process of the development of bronze civilization in Shang and Zhou Dynasties，The academic community has already clearly explicitly Yin、Differences on the combination of the weekly group，If the Zhou people who are in the business are used to use the title of the Zhou people、觯 Combination alternative jue、觚 Combination。Specific to two weeks of bronze，I also noticed that two major changes in the middle of the West and the Spring and Autumn Period as nodes，That is the formation and flow bet365 live casino games of the Lie Ding system。The use of Zhou people bronze rituals is roughly clarified，It depends on a "Zeng Family" written by Zeng Guo's archeology in 42 years。

The tomb is the main body of Zeng Guo's archeology，Tracing on the tomb of Zenghou Yi, Dukun，Yi Di Gang — Wenfeng Pagoda、Su Jiayu、Jujube forest、Guojia Temple -Caomen Bay and even Yejiashan，The tomb and the bronze unearthed by their unearthed not only built the time and space framework of Zenghou, Zeng Guo, for more than 700 years for people today，It also made us the first multi -level clearly clarify the system of bronze ritual instruments of Ji surname Zhou, represented by Zeng Guo。

In the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, Zeng Guo tombs buried copper bronze rituals for food、Wine、Location characteristics of the device for classification and divided by large categories，Inheritance of a vein with the location of the Copper Copper in the Zenghou Tomb of Yejiashan in the early Western Zhou Dynasty。Whether it is Ye Jiashan M65、M2、M27、M28、M111，Or Caomen Bay 2014zgcm22，Su Jiaye M79、M88，M81, Handong East Road, Suizhou、M110，The location of the device is obviously separated by large categories。

Mrs. Zeng Houbao, who was unearthed from the cemetery of the jujube forest cemetery, Suizhongzhong plus the inscription、Zeng GongNew Archaeological bet365 best casino games Discovery of Bezhi Institute，has been basically accepted by the academic community、Knowing it with one one。This way "Zuo Zhuan" "Ji Liang Zhi Sui Hou" is recorded with the state，Zeng Hou — Zeng Guoyi, which was seen from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, established a close time and space contact with the characteristics of the location of the device.。

Same food、Wine、Tomb splitted by the water large category is more common in Zhuyuangou、Liuli River and many other typical Typical Zhou people tombs in the early Western Zhou Dynasty。Pingdingshan Puyang Ridge is also visible、The form of a large class of wine。Ye Jiashan Zenghou and Liuli River、Pingdingshan Ying Hou Jun is the surname of Ji，The location and combination method of this kind of instrument should be said to represent the mode of the use of Ji people's nobles in the early Western Zhou Dynasty.。

"Ritual Reform" with the late Western Zhou Dynasty，Graduate of the aristocratic tombs gradually reflects food、Wine、The consistent features of the separation of the water device，Rudo Zhao Jinhou Cemetery M93。This kind of instrument used in the surname of the Ji surname Zhou is accompanied by the Lie Ding system in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty，It is also used by other related ethnic groups that accept the culture of Zhou people's ethnic bet365 live casino games groups，Ru Nanyang Xia Yipu's surname of the nightpiece m16，It is the side of the food device、Wine、Form on the side of the water heater，Therefore, it is condensed to become a sign of the device that distinguishes Zhou people and other ethnic groups。

Clear the way of Zhou Renali，It also helps judgment on the way of Oriental ethnic groups such as Yin Lisu。Early Western Zhou Dynasty，This type of tomb with a pits with a pits，Generally presenting the menifier concentration、Features of the splitting of the wine device，If the burial is buried、罍，The common two are adjacent to。For example, the ends of the alcohol heater of the m9 food device of the Licun, Zhouyuanzhuang，wine vessel concentration，"Adjustable" form。This mode of use can be traced back to the Yinxu period，As "adjacent to", there are Yinxu Garden Village M54、Daishang Village m539、Liujiazhuang North M33、Qijiazhuang East M269, etc.。

In the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early spring and autumn，Yin Lisu, especially the Shandong Peninsula to Huanghuai、A significant difference between the oriental ethnic groups in the Jianghuai Basin and the Ding Ding of the Zhou people，is "Trim Ding Ding"。Ru Sanmenxia Cemetery、Tianma —— Seen in the Jin Dynasty Cemetery of Qucun，At the same time as the Zhou people in the late Western Zhou Dynasty are clear，Even Bet365 lotto review Ding Ding is also in southern Anhui、Dongyi from northern Anhui and even Jianghuai to the coastal areas of Shandong、The Huaiyi ethnic group gets a large range of popularization。

The Tongxing Ding in Shandong is mainly found in the nation of the Dongyi ethnic group、邿 Country、Lai Guo、鄅 country, etc.。The utensils from the tombs of Dongjiang, Dongjiang, Zaozhuang, Shandong are the most common phenomenon，If the combination of M2 is the same shape, four dingles, four 鬲 簠。Tomb of the Mountain Mountain Top in the Tongjia Mountains in the Tongchang County, Fanchang County, South Anhui，Six -Ding Ding two or two are even for Ding。Tomb of Zuozhuang Village, Yuehe Town, Tongbai County, Henan Province，Especially in the early Spring and Autumn Period M4 and M22，Also with the same shape of the same shape。

According to archeological discovery,，In the two weeks, the Oriental group represented by Yin Lisu and the Xitu Group with the name of Ji Zhou people，There is a certain difference in the use of bronze rituals。Yin in two weeks、The week of the week of the group、Pay attention to the common importance of 簋 簋，In the long -term historical background and higher levels, the community of Huaxia ethnic groups distinguish themselves in the "Yu Trace" region -the important criteria for others，Reflecting the integrated and dynamic development process of Bet365 lotto review the Huaxia ethnic group。

"Huaxia ethnic group" is a large ethnic or ancient nation concept，From several ethnic groups in the neighboring or common area，Gradually form a certain commonly of common culture，and combined with each other in the blood margin。In this community，Ethnic groups should still be stored in some independent cultural factors in a certain period of time and regions。Archaeological discovery of the tomb, let us re -examine the reproduction and evolution of all ethnic groups on the Chinese land、Civilization Nourishing and Prosperity、Complex process of cultural exchange fusion，and Yin、The ancient China's strong cultural radiation force at the core of the Zhou ethnic group、Cohesion and directional force，It provides rich and informative history for the history of Chinese civilization for more than 5000 years、Unsuristic physical evidence。

　(This article is the State Social Science Fund Youth Project "Research on the Research on Ethnic Agreement with Ethnic Groups" (17CZS005) phased achievement)

(The author is assistant researcher at the Institute of Ancient History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)