The Korean imperial examination system, which has been maintained for more than 900 years, is not only closely related to the consolidation of royal power and the concept of governing the country,And the selection criteria for officials、The value orientation of scholar-bureaucrats、The education system of rural schools、The formation of the ideological and cultural formation of the Korean Peninsula has had a profound impact,It also played an important role in the 500-year reign of Confucian orthodoxy during the Joseon Dynasty。Passed the North Korean Admission Examination,In the historical context of the East Asian international order formed by “all nations coming to Korea”,Broadening the research field of East Asian literature,Deepening classical literature and cross-cultural research on the Korean Peninsula,In particular, it can provide important first-hand historical materials for the study of the spread of bet365 sign up offer culture outside the country,Vividly presents the historical truth of ancient bet365 sign up offer culture’s “going out”。In the context of the current wave of spread of bet365 sign up offer traditional culture around the world,Revealing the special phenomenon of mutual penetration and circulation of various elements in the East Asian cultural circle from the ideological and cultural level。
Since 788, Silla implemented the "Three Ranks of Reading" with reference to the "Ming Jing Ke" in the imperial examination system of the Tang Dynasty,In 958, Wang Zhao (925-975), the fourth monarch of Goryeo, formally adopted the proposal of opening up academic institutions to obtain scholars and implemented the imperial examination system,In 1392, the Joseon Dynasty re-established the imperial examination law,Until 1894, the imperial examination system, which had lasted for 936 years, withdrew from the historical stage of the Korean Peninsula,North Korea has always been deeply influenced by bet365 sign up offer traditional culture。In ancient times, Korea was the country with the longest history of implementing the imperial examination system and the most complete system besides China,The imperial examination system plays a vital role。Because the imperial examination system is not only closely related to the establishment of a centralized political system,And promotes the development of the entire country’s humanities education and academic system。The existing historical materials of the Korean Admission Examination can well explain this historical value。
Currently,National Library of Korea、Kui Zhang Pavilion、Zangshuge、The bet365 sign up offer Studies Promotion Institute and others possess a large number of imperial examination-related documents left over from the Joseon Dynasty。Among them,The most typical and precious information is the candidate’s handwritten admission test paper,Most of them are original test papers and transcripts preserved by the government or local government offices in charge of the imperial examinations or passed down from generation to generation in the family,Estimated to reach more than 1,000 pieces,There are also many texts included in the "Korean Historical Anthology Series"。A collection of examination papers issued by the king himself,As well as the collection of test papers specially copied and compiled into volumes by the government for archiving purposes, they also have important research value。For example, "Copy of Poems of Ke Examination", "Collection of Poems of Panxiang Ke", "Collection of Copies of Ke Fu", "Zhen Ying Cui Yu", "Dong Guo Ke Biao Xiu Ban", etc.。In addition,The value of civil examination-related materials cannot be underestimated。For example, "Junfan Jice", "Junxuan of Modern Arts", "Longmen Laoquan", "Wind and Rain Awakens the Heart", "Cewen Guanzhi", etc.,Mostly for the purpose of imperial examination-oriented education,A collection of famous scientific examination papers from past dynasties copied or published by the private sector。Examination reference materials compiled by colleges and rural schools,Ready-made standard reference book、Proposition set has been issued、A collection of allusions and commonly used statements、Study guide books,Also an important part of research,Including "Keli Guishi", "Sao Fu Huifang", "Biaozhui", "Panli Huazao", "Yincuo", etc.。
The official imperial education that complemented the imperial examination system during the Joseon Dynasty、Academy and family education are the early stages of preparation for the imperial examination。North Korean Confucian scholars in order to ascend the throne,We need to be influenced by Confucianism from an early age,Study bet365 sign up offer Confucian classics assiduously、Historical books、Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties, etc.。The king wants to consolidate his rule,We must draw a lot of nutrition from bet365 sign up offer classics,As recorded in North Korea’s "Records of King Sejong","(Shizong) also said: 'Yu Yuguan's "Zi Zhi Tong Jian Gang Mu",Bian Jiliang invites you to observe the study of Xingli。Let’s start with the Four Books today,Please wait until you know。’Zhi Shenshi Jin Yijing asked for one person to serve as his representative,Shang Congzhi。This is the day,Begin to talk about "University"。Shangya and Confucianism,Check things every morning,Still Royal Sutra Feast,Unable to understand the lecture,He is studying in the palace,Night ends。Your Majesty is concerned about the trouble,Jin said: ‘This is how you can lift a son’,How hard it is to be like this?’” (Leap May 14th, the 17th year of King Sejong’s reign) The king’s Confucianism directly affected the country’s governance philosophy,And established an inherent image of admiring bet365 sign up offer classics in the hearts of its "followers"。
This tradition of admiring bet365 sign up offer classical culture can be traced back to the second year of Silla (682),Silla established the eunuch in order to establish friendly relations with the Tang Dynasty。More than a hundred years later,When the "Three Ranks of Reading" were established in the fourth year of King Yuan Sheng (788), it was again promulgated: "Everyone should study",Born as a third-grade person,Read "The Biography of the Zuo Family in the Spring and Autumn Period",Ruo "Book of Rites",If "Selected Works",And be able to understand its meaning,The one who also understands "The Analects of Confucius" and "The Classic of Filial Piety" is the best,Those who read "Qu Li", "The Analects of Confucius" and "The Classic of Filial Piety" are the middle ones,The next person reads "Quli" and "The Classic of Filial Piety"。Ruobotong Five Classics and Three Histories、The calligraphers of hundreds of schools of thought,Super promotion。” (Volume 38 of "Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms") Goryeo Ruizong's fourth year (1109),Influenced by the imperial examination system of the Song Dynasty,Established "Seven Fasts",Teach one classic course respectively,"bet365 sign up offer Studies establishes Qizhai: "Zhouyi" says Lize,"Shang Shu" says to be hired,"Mao Shi" says Jingde,"Zhou Li" says Qiu Ren,"Dai Li" says Fu Ying,"Spring and Autumn" says to cultivate integrity,Martial arts is called "Lecture on Art" (Volume 74 of "History of Goryeo")。
To the Joseon Dynasty,bet365 sign up offer classic books are even more widely circulated。Not only that,During the reigns of Sejong and Seongjong, the government issued imperial examination reference books to local rural schools many times,Including four books and five classics、Sexology and history books, etc.。According to "Records of Sejong": "The students of Sungkyunkwan had free time to study Confucian classics,Study "Chu Ci" and "Selected Works" at the same time、李、Du、Korean、Liu、Europe、王、Su、Huang and other poems of various dynasties、"Spring and Autumn"。The Uijeongbu Six Cao Du Trial,Or order to compose a poem,Sibu School and Foreign Township School,Also teach according to this,Also recorded as a scholar,Every time,Also add exam lectures。" (June 26, the 17th year of King Sejong's reign) "Seongjong's Records" also records: "First, Yong'an Dao Observer Li Jisun asked for the Four Books and Five Classics、《Tongjian》,To train urban Confucian scholars。This is what the destiny has revealed,Also given books such as "Primary School", "Chu Ci", "Liu Wen" and "Ancient Treasures"。”(July 26, the second year of Emperor Chengjong)
It can be seen from this,The reasons why Korean literati studied bet365 sign up offer classical culture through the imperial examination,Mainly derived from the government’s philosophy of governance,Starting from the policy of respecting the Ming and Qing Dynasties as "big",To consolidate the dynasty’s power,Develop a series of supporting imperial examination systems。In other words,Examination content that candidates master in order to gain fame,Mostly from bet365 sign up offer classics、The essence of Confucianism。This imperial examination system is designed based on bet365 sign up offer classical culture,In turn, it profoundly affected the rise and fall of the dynasty's foundation。
Most of the themes reflected in North Korea’s entrance examination papers,The governing philosophy of the supreme ruler of North Korea、Literary attainments of scholar-bureaucrats、Political thinking、Values, etc.,Both contain elements of bet365 sign up offer thought and culture。A look at the imperial examinations held in North Korea,The nutrients of bet365 sign up offer cultural classics have long been flowing in the blood of Korean literati,If you are divorced from "China" and make false claims,No matter how gorgeous the rhetoric is,The conclusion is novel,It’s just a matter of discarding the basics and chasing the last、Just making an argument out of thin air。Especially during the proposition process of countermeasure papers that reflect the current situation and unsolved cases,The question maker can easily draw on bet365 sign up offer allusions。Therefore,Candidates must “tell the bet365 sign up offer story well” when answering the paper,That is, using China’s historical experience to benchmark the current affairs reflected in North Korea’s national economy and people’s livelihood,Precisely propose solutions。This has undoubtedly become a huge challenge for all candidates,But it also provides a high-level evaluation standard for the kings or officials to select talents。
Countermeasure propositions are the test essay genre that best showcases candidates’ talents and unique political opinions,Quoting scriptures from bet365 sign up offer classical culture、Using the past to describe the present,It can add the finishing touch to the article。Take Li Er (1536-1584)'s countermeasures entitled "Tiandao Personnel Policy" to help him obtain the top prize in the special examination in 1558 as an example,In response to the strategic question proposition proposed by the deacon of "the principle of good and evil between heaven and man",The article explains,"Emperor Qin annexes,And only one lifetime,The world is abuzz,Liu、Xiang Yihu,And Hanguan then moved,Sui Wen Hunyi,The heir is not human,Not safe,Jinyang soldiers rise,The country is a ruin,Hu Yuan destroyed Song Dynasty,And it hasn’t been a hundred years yet,Gathering of righteous flags,Tie Mu fled north,And the evil atmosphere is cleared,It can be said that God is against you?But there is a world and a country,It can blame the law of heaven in the boundless realm,without fear?"Poetry" says: 'Haotian says Ming,Jier comes out as king。Haotian Yuedan,Jier Youyan?’Induction from heaven and man,Following like a shadow,It must not be false?Hey!The king of the future,The only way to be able is to practice virtue,Not relying on one’s own strength,The human heart and destiny,Unexpected but coming,Changes in the Way of Heaven,Why worry?” (Volume 6 of the Supplementary Works of "Li Gu Quanshu") shows his accumulation of bet365 sign up offer classical culture。
In a nutshell,bet365 sign up offer classical culture always played the role of an absent “presenter” in the ancient Korean imperial examinations,Comments from the questioner、Question to candidate’s analysis、Countermeasures,The "shadow" of bet365 sign up offer classical culture can be seen in the whole process of striving to be practical and practical。It can be seen from this,The North Korean imperial examination system produced a key impetus for the inheritance of bet365 sign up offer classics on the Korean Peninsula,It also promotes bet365 sign up offer traditional concepts and cultural discourse power to the extreme。
(Author’s affiliation: School of Oriental bet365 sign up offer, Shanghai International bet365 sign up offer University)
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