A popular topic of online literature research in 2021 is "30 Years of Network Literature"，This is extremely similar to the 2018 "20 Years of Network Literature" celebrations in the shaped "Internet Literature 20 Years"。Since 2018，The phenomenon of blowouts in "20 years of online literature" appears，Show a prosperous scene of "Dongfeng Ye Flower Thousand Trees"。Who expected to be 3 years later，"30 years of online literature" can't wait to appear in the ground fans，"20 Years" Tomorrow's yellow flower is instantly crushed。

This "crossing" or "rebirth" drama is not uncommon in online novels，But in academic research, it is unusual。Why does there always appear strange "logical stalks" in the field of online literature? In fact, the reason is very simple: the basic understanding of the academic world on online literature is far from reaching an agreement。From the perspective of "Literature Development"，The 30 -year -old trajectory of Chinese online literature can be "spoken" as follows: originated in tradition (1991-1997)，characteristic characteristic of imitation of classics; relying on technology (1998-2002)，characterized by game dazzling skills; entrepreneurial in the market (2003-2013) is marked by charging reading;，Taking the popularity of the Internet drama as the explosion point; it is popular overseas (2016 to the present)，Taking "Foreigner Chasing" as the focus。Online literature is like a column of technology as track、Train with capital as the power，The thick profit depends on the number of passengers。"Technology", "Capital" and "Fan" are the three pillars of online literature，bet365 live casino games Because this is a common sense problem，So it is more likely to be ignored。

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​​In this era of integration of technology market，From the perspective of cultural development history，The capital of competing for the technical market must be a key role。Marx advocating "world literature"，Say in an article in 1850 in 1850，When the British merchant ship frequently traveled to and from Guangzhou, China and other places，"The Pacific will be like the Atlantic in modern times，The Mediterranean was the same as in ancient times and the Middle Ages，The role of the great world waterway traffic line "。These discussions of Marx include a "globalization" view of civilization: from ancient Greece and ancient Rome，to the Middle Ages and the Renaissance，Discovery to the New World，and the advent of the industrial and post -industrial era，The expansion of its activity space has a clear trajectory: from the Aegean Sea to the Mediterranean，From the Mediterranean to Atlantic，From the Atlantic to the Pacific，Until every corner of the earth ... Crazy expansion of capital liberated productivity，The rapid expansion of the market has led to globalization。The power of capital conquering the world，The invincible spear squares of Bishan Dali。Even in the field of spiritual production such as online literature，Capital still has the same logic of material production。

Internet era，Capital's competition in the technical market is even more intense，It can even be said，The earth and the ocean are not enough to let it perform punching feet，The sky has become a competitive platform。November 2020，"Cosmic Internet Red" Musk is going to send 20,000 satellite information，Swipe the screen repeatedly on the major WeChat groups，He wants to knit a "space network"，Explore the entire "Earth Market" network。Someone exclaims，Humans Bet365 lotto review have opened the "Star Wars Times"，"Little Global，Finally Chengcheng Village "。

According to the logic of capital development, we can know，"World Literature" and its "overseas trade" is an inevitable result of market expansion。Of course "Netwen to the sea" is just a metaphor，Because of the birth of online literature,，It is always in the sea，in the sky，In every corner of the earth。It uses the demeanor of "Global Same is the same cold and hot"，Organic combination of oral literature with written literature，In many ways, surpassing traditional literature。For online literature without national borders，"Struggle and Equality" created in North America in 1991 and "The First Intimate Contact" in Taiwan, China in 1998，Who is more suitable for the starting point for the birth of the Chinese website? If you look at the global perspective of the technology market，The contradiction between the "20 years" and "30 years" of the web not attack。

　　Media Method: Double Life of "Virtual Existence"

Someone summarizes human history with "four conquests": "Car and horse conquer the earth，Cannon ship conquer the ocean，Plane conquer the sky，Internet conquest mind。"The playful words of the play of Hugo are reasonable or not, regardless of whether it is，But the saying of "network conquest"，Perhaps it can provide us with some enlightenment。

In recent years，In many online literature awards activities I participated in，I can always hear some experts' complaints about the lack of network texts for participating network articles，Especially some practical theme works，Except for network communication，Nothing with traditional literature。But there are different views，For example, "Internet writers are too intoxicated to cross the empty crossing、Fantasy Story，Stay away from real life。Long this time，It will definitely affect the sustainable healthy bet365 Play online games development of online literature。"Some online writers complained that the judges are restrained by traditional literary concepts，So that some good works with real network characteristics，No chance to participate in high -level reviews at all。Due to different positions、Different concepts and standards，Naturally, there will be different views about what is excellent online literature works。For example，Internet writing should be more realistic，It should still be more detached，Is a question that is benevolent。

In the traditional literary context，"Imagination" is different from "reality"，Online writers often live in a virtual world that is "more authentic than reality"，Of course they also have to eat、Sleep、Shopping、Reading and writing，But their dependence on digital space reaches a level that predecessors cannot imagine。Many young people even enjoy the "Internet Aboriginal people" life in the snail house，For them，New life experience and convenience of the virtual world，Far not comparable to the mediocre real life world。They live a completely different life from Homer and Balzac，This is an important aspect of our understanding of the characteristics of online literature。

The changes in life with the media method，The concept of literature also changes with it。Now，The virtual environment simulated by the computer is enough to immerse the Marky Fans and the online tourists，No matter where you are，I don’t know how Xixi is tonight。"Rebellion" and "Crossing" depends on "Fiction"，"Fantasy" and "Cultivation" is nothing more than "imagination"。In this era of digitalization，"Fiction and Imagination" has already overflowed the boundaries of literature and art，Enter all aspects of human life。For a "network expert" surrounded by virtual information around the dusk，"Virtual Existence" and "Real Life"，Who is more authentic，It seems Bet365 lotto review no longer clear。The "Virtual Existence" here is a novel of the same name of the network of 17K novel network。The protagonist of the novel is the dead super hacker Lin Anxu，Because its computer was invaded by aliens，His soul is virtual by ufo as an ultimate existence of life。Lin Anxu, who lives between virtual reality，Since then, the world，Horizontal World。"Virtual Existence" created a world of love and pleasure for readers。

　Information fusion: audiovisual feast made with sound statues

Understanding the third dimension of online literature is information fusion，that is, "text", "image" and "sound" multi -level、Multi -directional and comprehensive deep fusion。The "information fusion" here is different from the "multi -sensor data fusion" in the field of pure technology，It is the crystallization of modern digital technology and the ancient "poetry and dance music" tradition。Daniel Bell thinks，Contemporary culture is becoming a visual culture that mainly acts on "instinct"，It is different from the printing culture that acts on "conditional feelings" acting on language and text。The recovery of "instinct"，Make Yangchun Baixue -style literary classics is no longer just a patent for a few intellectuals，Identifying illiterate can also be through image technology，Enter the palace of classic art。If in front of the TV series "The Night"，Adults and children can watch the masterpieces at the level of "common consumption"，But for reading the original，Whether or not it becomes a "conditional feeling" test gold stone。Of course，Bell is just talking about the TV culture of "information fusion" in the "simulation stage"。Internet era，With the rapid development of "information fusion" technology，Sound digital reconstruction process has reached the realm of pure fire，Digital substitutes in the character shape and sound synthesis Bet365 app download are so perfect，So that fans who enjoyed the audiovisual feast simply noticed that the sense of disobedience of the sound statue collage。

Let's take the overseas development of Chinese network as an example here。November 2020，The "2020 Online Literature Development White Paper" released by the China Audiovisual and Digital Publishing Association states: "As of 2019，Domestic export of more than 10,000 online literary works to overseas，Covering more than 40 countries and regions along the Belt and Road "。More than 3,000 translation online literature works in 2019。"Current，Online literature Overseas market size reaches hundreds of millions of yuan，The number of users is tens of millions。The scale of translation expansion，Original global flowering，IP collaborative goes to the sea，Online literature Global Industrial Chain gradually mature，An interconnected "online literature community" is like to come out。One time，Internet literature has been created as an international business card for Chinese culture。"Netwen to the sea" becomes a hot topic，Related research articles hundreds of thousands。But people seem to generally ignore the impact of information fusion，Especially the contribution of the multi -dimensional linkage industrial chain of "Shadow Man"。

In terms of online communication，Southeast Asian readers who were exposed to the IP earlier，and other online text users in other Chinese culture radiation circles，For "Step by Step", "Zhen Huan Biography", "The Moon Biography", "Flower Thousand Bone", "Fighting the Sky" and other online novels adapted from film and television dramas，Those fans who are still endless after watching the TV series，Often also holds the original "Reverse Classic"。The media rumored to be rumored to be in the situation of the crazy component of fans in North America.，But the proportion Bet365 lotto review of IP traffic reading obviously highlights the advantage of information fusion。With the successful layout of "Chuanyin Holdings" in the African market，The "New Reading" app "FICOOL" launched by reading，It seems full of confidence in the scale of readers in African market。Especially with film and television、Animation and game extension of subsequent industrial chains，Internet literature lending power information fusion technology，User market prospects are available。

What must be pointed out is，"Technical Market", "Media Method", "Information Convergence"，Just try to outline a rough framework for understanding online literature，It is intended to discuss some basic issues of online literature research from another angle。

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)