Comrade Xi Jinping emphasized: "Pay attention to history、Research History、Drawing history，It can bring a lot of understanding to human beings yesterday、Grasp today、Create tomorrow's wisdom。"I am the historical development status of the tour of the three dynasties of the Tang and Tang dynasties today，Simply talk about understanding。

Early Han，Yishufu、Prime Minister Si Zhi、Si Li School Captain's Division of Supervisor，Diversification of the monitoring system，Do not belong to each other，As a result, it hindered the performance of supervision efficiency。Especially in the early Han Dynasty, the supervisor history set up in Qin Shi in the county，Make local officials confused。Facing this reality，Emperor Hanwu made major reforms。First，The world is the 13th monitoring area，Several counties and counties under the jurisdiction。The History of the Department is a full -time supervisor。Next，Develop "Six Inquiry"，The legal basis for exercising the right of supervision as a thorn history。"Six Inquiry" first -columns of assassination history monitoring is the illegal acts of two thousand stone officials and local strong forces and their children。bet365 Play online games "Six Inquiry" has guaranteed the supervision of the assassin in accordance with the law，Quickly changed the phenomenon of weak supervision。

In addition，County Shou also has the right to regularly inspect the county。Rujingzhao Yin Yin will not doubt the prisoner。County and county officials are governor.，Make up the defects of the stabbing history in the scope of supervision.，Formed a complementary monitoring system，It marks the initial establishment of the supervision network from the central to local supervisory network during the Western Han Dynasty。

The Tang Dynasty was the developed period of the ancient Chinese chapter system。As far as the supervision system is concerned，It is also a form of mature and setting。The Central Supervision System of the Tang Dynasty is composed of "One Three Houses"。One，that is Royal Shitai，Is the highest supervisory authority in the central government，Dr. Yu and Royal Shi Zhongzhi as the Deputy Chief。There are three hospitals under the stage，The History of the Palace in the Hall of the Hall，Responsible for the court etiquette、Sacrifice Ceremony and other items;，Participate in the trial of major cases of the court;，"Check the Escape，Conducting Prison，Conducting Prison，Suding the whole dynasty instrument "。

The local supervision system takes the road as the supervision area，Ten Ten Roads，Xuanzong increased to fifteen ways，Su Zong expanded to more than 40 lanes in the future。Tang Dynasty Royal History Patrol，Imitation of the Han，Develop "Six Laws bet365 live casino games of Supervision"，Parade and correction in accordance with the law。"Six Laws of Supervision" and Han "Six Inquiry"。One，expanded the supervisory object。Mainly the good and evil of the insults，not limited to senior officials and Qiang Zonghao right，Realized the full coverage of the inspection to the officials。The following two inspection accounts' accounts、Unewal for service、Nong Sang is not diligent、Warehouse reduction，It reflects the society of the Tang Dynasty as a society of agricultural economic development，Therefore, it is not only the farmer and mulberry and the tax，Inspector accounts also inspect the warehouse，It is an important content of economic supervision。By the next two are the demon -stricken thieves who do not live in their careers and the Qiangzong evil officials merger。The last one is Chade Xingxiao、Maocai different，Recommended as a country for the country。It can be seen from the "Six Laws of Supervision"，The monitoring of the Tang Dynasty is punishment and corruption and awards、Evil and Choose Both，As Tang Ruizong said in the book: "Changshan 瘅 瘅，Tinguer Yangqing，The position of Yushi also。"So，No matter the people or the virtuousness of the people, the people are different，All have a positive attitude and hope for inspections。

Tang Xuanzong also targets "politics wide and slow，The reality of the law is poor "，Special Passion Dr. Wang Yan inspected the Tao，To achieve "good for it，Nothing of punishment，Relaxing but not leaking，Destiny is not harsh "bet365 Play online games target。These sixteen words mean to choose the best，Do not abuse the punishment，Not missing，Not too harsh，Make the official of the law、Greedy officials and mediocre talents who have done nothing are punished，Make ordinary officials can do it with peace of mind。

Tang Taizong Li Shimin for "Ming Four Eyes、Da Sicong "，Except for regular dispatch of monitoring of the Royal History Tour Visual Report，Also consciously selected important ministers as a place to visit as a special visit，and the focus of visiting visits: one view of customs，Understand the suffering of the people; second to understand the governance and losses of the local officials;、Filial Filial Field、Jing Biao Yi Fu Woman、Pressing the home of abandonment，Give the millet of righteous warehouses; Four pay attention to selecting great talents、Philosophy Qi Shi。This shows that the beginning of the Tang Dynasty "set the official with the classics，Set the strategy of governing the country with Wei Zhizhi。

To prevent intervention in the intervention of local affairs，Tang Xuanzong specially descended: "Since now，Interview to make good and evil，Outline。所 有，Junjun，No need to do it。"Supervisor also participated in officials for examinations，But you must not propose a "good matter" in advance，Make personal judgment，to avoid adverse effects。

In the context of the strengthening of autocraticism in the Ming Dynasty and the emperor's years of ignoring the government for many years，In order to rectify the local officials，strengthened the Royal bet365 best casino games History Patrol System，and improved the political treatment of the patrol of the royal history，It is called the Emperor's Ear of the Emperor's Emperor，Is the heavenly patrol hunting。Small difference，Tour of the Royal History，It has also strengthened legal supervision。Start from point，to the end of return，Each link of the whole process formulates regulations，Both given the patrol according to the history of the royal history，At the same time, it is also prevented from abuse of the power of Royal History。According to differential regulations，Select the Royal History to Patrol from the Metropolitan Institute for a difference，Or the emperor personally ordered。Clarified a little worse level，Different from regional distance and importance, it is divided into large differences、Differential、Small difference。According to the distance from the road to the road,，Determine the period of the tour。such as "Zhending、Xuanda thirty -five days，Yingtian、Su Song 70 Days "and so on。Disposal Royal History must return in accordance with schedule，Disciplinary violations for no reason。

In the process of patrolling in Yu Shi，There is also related legal basis，Ru Hongwu's 26th year of "Patrol"、orthodox four years "Patrol Local Matters", etc.。Comprehensive these regulations，Main contents include: the recommendation of civil and military officials to rectify punishment、Interruption of criminal name、Investigation of Zhengzheng、Fasting of Fads，Xiaoyi of Xiaoyi、bet365 live casino games Live -Old Jie、Recommendation of talents and the prohibition of various incidents。

At the same time，Standards the work discipline of the Royal History Patrol。First, it clarifies the avoidance system of Royal History Calendar。Avoiding the area of ​​the job、Disposter avoidance、Avoiding relatives。Second, it stipulates the discipline constraints of the Royal History Calendar。If there is violations，Extracting punishment。

other，It has also formulated a return to assessment regulations。Return Royal Shi must pass the business of the parade，Projects listed by Royal History Review，List specific facts，It has finished、Unbelled、The processing process, etc.，Report and report with the book。Illegal illegal job，Disposal is suitable，Essments such as Weifu，Severe punishment without loan。Reception assessment is a pioneering agency for the Ming Dynasty's supervision system，can verify the actual work of the royal patrol，and can be used as a basis for the test currency of the Royal History。In the end of the Ming Dynasty，eunuch dictatorship，Political extreme corruption，Many regulations are famous。

The above three dynasties of the Tang and Tang dynasties of the Han Dynasty as the focus，Elaborate differently in the patrol system of different royal history，Among them, the political wisdom and legal wisdom of the ancients did contain。Summary of many experiences，For us today's perfect inspection system may have a certain reference meaning。

(The author is a lifelong bet365 live casino games professor of China University of Political Science and Law)