Time and Space is an important clue to enter the problem of literary and artistic forms。Propositions in the category of ancient time and space in China and aesthetics、Art Theory and Practice has inextricable contacts。On the one hand，Time -time view is an important way for the ancient Chinese cognition and understanding of the universe and everything of the world，It has a poetic or aesthetic component of time and space; on the other hand,，As a basic cognition、How to grasp the world，Time -time view will definitely affect people's way of thinking、Aesthetic ideal and form aesthetics，Then there is an important guidance effect on artistic practice and theoretical criticism。That is to say，Time and space view penetrates the theoretical thinking of aesthetic poetry and all aspects of artistic practice，Time and space converted into aesthetic form。

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Well -known，Time and space is the most basic principles and important basis for the theory theory of the body of artistic classification，From Soviet aestheticist Mo Cargang, divided art into space art in "Art Facility"、Time Art and Space — Since the three categories of time art，This basic division has almost become "the" golden law "of art morphology" (see Peng Feng's "Theory of Art of Art"，Peking University Press 2016 edition)。The domestic academic community basically recognizes this classification principle (see Hu Jingzhi's "Literary Aesthetics"，Peking University Press 1999 edition)，But divide art from the perspective of time and space，It will also encounter multiple difficulties in many aspects (see "Theory of Art of Art")。

Forms of traditional Chinese literature and art、Time -time view and the connection between the two，There are large differences with the corresponding problems in Western philosophy aesthetics，Especially when facing specific literary and artistic activities or aesthetic scenes，This label method that is directly penetrated with "time art", "space art" and "time -empty art" may not work。For example，If according to Western classification standards，Chinese classical bet365 best casino games poetry should be attributed to time art，Time rhythm、Rhythm is of course a formal element of poetry，But image、Realm and other spatial factors are even more aesthetic goals pursued by poetry。It can even be said，No space element，Can't create real poetry art。Chinese literature and art shows a unique space -time relationship and space -time structure，Can't simply apply Western art classification standards，Not to do Western aesthetics and art theory as the sole evidence，Eliga，or in the West in China，Cutting and molding Chinese art at will。

In the criticism of ancient Chinese literary theory and aesthetics，Contains rich formal aesthetic experience and thoughts。Looking at it overall，The "form" of ancient Chinese literature and art mainly covers three problems: First, literary criticism theorist、Aestheticians、Poet、The overall concept and theoretical thinking of the artist on formal issues; the second is poetry、Wen Fu、Calligraphy、Painting、Novel、Traditional literary and artistic creation in traditional literary and artistic creation、program、Techniques, etc.; Third, the language of traditional literature and art、Situation、Style, etc.。But in ancient China did not form a complete formal aesthetic theoretical system，Related materials are scattered in archeology、History、Philosophy、Religious、Literature、Art and other fields，The thinking and expressions of the ancients' related forms of the form are mostly compared with image、Experience description, etc.，Lack of conceptual logic deduction。

Zhao Xianzhang thinks，Compared with the aesthetics of the West，Chinese formal aesthetics mainly manifests as experience forms，Has subjectivity、Homorrhea、Three characteristics of the intention。Specific performance as: aesthetic significance from the subject of research and standardized forms，Form is thought、Emotional and other content services，rarely has independent significance itself。At the same time，Ancient Chinese aesthetics will be studied as a whole overall research，Form concept has great randomness and vagueness，There is a big difference in analysis with Western anatomy。Therefore，The concept of Chinese aesthetics is not clear、Determine concepts，Instead bet365 Play online games of intuitive、Sensory experience、Experience，Through imagination、Thoughts to understand、League of understanding，Research stays in description、The experience level of perception。Take a comprehensive，In ancient China lacks the overall concept of "form" like Western aesthetics，The overall concept of dealing with it is covered with the universe、Natural、Life、、Emotional、Xinzhi and other "content" "Tao"。Therefore，"Tao" is the "Yuan concept" of Chinese aesthetics，is the core of Chinese aesthetics (see Zhao Xianzhang、Zhang Hui、Wang Xiong "Western Form Aesthetics"，Nanjing University Press, 2008 edition)。

　　"Dao" and the form of time and space of ancient Chinese literature and art

"Tao" in ancient China is a overall concept，Not only involves the universe、Natural、Life、Emotional "Content"，At the same time, it also refers to the path to achieve and achieve these purpose "content"、Method、means、Tips。Therefore，Tao can be distinguished into two levels，Method of the skill itself、Path，There is "Internal Way"，And the artist’s academic breasts、Personal style、Temperament and moral exercises, which belong to the "Way of Skills"。Therefore，"Tao" is both "content"，Also "form"，Is the organic unity of the two。In short，Chinese aesthetics as "Tao aesthetics"，Including forms，Forms aesthetics is an important part of it。

What needs to be explained is，In "Aesthetics of Dao"，Forms have not been lifted to an ontology height like Western aesthetics。but，It seems that the form can be directly regarded as a vassal or tool，Because in the process of "Dao" bloom，Form and content are open at the same time，At the same time, it has reached its destination。The production of any art is to express or pray for，or Zhi、or love、or the heart of heaven and earth，We generally call it content。But the hope or expression itself is "Tao"，That is, "Saying"，The medium that speaks、Method、Tips、The effect is form。Form and content water and milk fusion，Unable to leave。

When we understand the overall "Tao" from time and space dimension，This seems to be more prominent。The existence of a person has time and spatiality，Poet artists are in a specific space -time background，They will inevitably present this space -time background bet365 live casino games when they create，Even if it is not directly written time、Space theme，Time and space also exists。Therefore，Time -order、The space -time information such as environmental residence is the bottom material for literary creation，Among them, the love of the poet artist、Philosophy and other "content"，At the same time with rhythm、Image、Rhythm、Scenes and other methods participated in the overall composition of the text form。In other words，Examine the form of literary and artistic forms in the field of time and space，The previous content -form two -point method is no longer applicable。Unified photo of the time and space view，The original so -called content can also be transformed into form，Participate in the overall architecture of the text form。

At the same time，Whether it is the most casual space -time background presentation，Still reflect the time of time、Rhythm、Cancer, etc.，Or image of spatiality、picture、Scene、Artistic conception, etc.，All will be one back to one，Jointly bears a characteristic or say "Tao" (love、Zhi、meaning, etc.)。That is to say，Everything we see in the text is bet365 Play online games the form of time and space (as "Tao" as a word)，"Tao" ("Word"，Ruqing、Zhi、meaning, etc.) has been integrated into the text form，Just like salt dissolved in water，The aroma is filled in the air，Readers need to mobilize perceptual experience、Reasonable thinking and identification。Here，"Tao" and "Tao" are connected like flesh and flesh、Blood gas interoperability，Logicly divide you and me，It seems that it is not necessary。Rather than saying that the two are the main relationship with the attachment，It is better to say coexistence and collaboration。

　　Time and space dimension of constructing Chinese form aesthetics

Construction of Chinese form aesthetics from time and space dimension，You need to consider four aspects: one is to organize and explain the ancient Chinese space -time thoughts; the other is to pay attention to the interoperability and integration between traditional Chinese literature and space; and the third is to pay attention to the mutual learning and identification of theoretical resources of Chinese and Western space -time and space Follow the pass; fourth, use Marxist space -time view as an important ideological guidance and bet365 live casino games theoretical reference。

First，Construct Chinese form aesthetics from time and space dimension，It is necessary to fully recognize the important value of the original thoughts of the excellent traditional culture of China, especially the early Chinese civilization,。Ancient Chinese Philosophy、Aesthetics、Literature and Art Theory、Literary Criticism and other literature contains rich space -time ideological resources，But you need to dig carefully、Dipping off、System finishing。On the one hand，Back to the original state of history，Explore its cultural root and aesthetic meaning; on the other hand，It should also be combined with contemporary literary and artistic practice and theoretical actual situation，Make reading and interpretation with a sense of time。Chinese ancient time and space views originated from the cosmic theory of the pre -Qin period，and Taoism、Yixue、The important ideas such as Yin and Yang Five Elements Theory is closely related，It has a profound impact on the form of literary and artistic forms of later generations。Especially the view of space，It has conceptual combination effects in traditional Chinese culture，Play a key role in the generation and condensation of literary and artistic forms。

Next，It is necessary to fully consider the actual actual production and text composition of ancient Chinese aesthetics。In ancient China，thinker、Theorist and poet、Artists are often the same person or a kind of closely related type of people，They sing and communicate with each other，The issue of art and aesthetics has formed a rough consensus。Looking at the history of Chinese classical aesthetics，Aesthetic thoughts formed in different periods，Its continuity is often greater than changeable。At the same time，Chinese ancient people's emphasis，I used to depicting the aesthetic phenomenon and laws from their own position，Or reflects or express its theoretical point of view in the intermediary of specific literary and artistic creation and appreciation and criticism。Therefore，Apart from a few systematic theoretical works such as "Wenxin Eagle Dragon"，Ancient Chinese aesthetic thoughts are mainly distributed in various classics, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting works、Collection of Literature and Art Collection。Find bet365 Play online games the form of time and space of traditional Chinese literature and art，Should enter the historical scene created by literary works，Full follow the poem、Calligraphy and painting、music dance、Novel、Opera、Architecture、The form of time and space between arts and other arts in the garden。

other，Construct Chinese form aesthetics from time and space dimension，It should also fully recognize the changes in China's space -time view after the 20th century and its impact on the form of literary and artistic forms。

again，Construct Chinese form aesthetics from time and space dimension，It is inseparable from the mutual learning and application of the theory of Chinese and Western space -time theory。The West has formed a detailed and thorough theoretical system，Although the cultural background it produced is largely different from ancient China，But it is undeniable that，Western philosophy、Time and Space in Aesthetics and cultural criticism can still provide us with meaningful ideological inspiration，Use it as the necessary theoretical mirrorbook，It is not good for better excavation and organizing ancient Chinese space -time ideological heritage。Systematic research on Western Time and Space Theory and criticize it in critical，Based on the ancient Chinese time and space thought，Both comparison with each other，and apply it flexibly in specific literary forms，It has a large theoretical reference value for the constructing Chinese formal aesthetics。

Last，Marxist theory also contains rich and profound time and space thoughts，This provides an important ideological guidance and theoretical reference for contemporary Chinese formal aesthetic construction。

With the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology and the acceleration of social rhythm，People’s production and life has entered a new space -time situation: intelligent machines and production assembly lines instead of countless handicrafts，Labor hours have been greatly reduced; at the same time，High Speed ​​Rail、Highway Network，Air、Modern transportation such as shipping routes greatly shorten the distance of geographical space。And，5G network、Website、WeChat、Douyin public account and other emerging communication media will be time、The real barriers between spaces are completely broken，The kind of pastoral shepherd style in ancient China、The spiritual and restrained space -time experience method also bet365 live casino games encountered unprecedented challenges。

From this，The theoretical thinking of our formal aesthetics should not ignore the changes in this time and space situation，Marxism for Social Time and Space、Discussion on free time and space，It can provide necessary conceptual guidelines and value -oriented for contemporary formal aesthetics。

In short，Under the guidance of Marxist theory，Comprehensive space -time theoretical resources in the excellent ideological and cultural and culture of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign，and integrate it with，Realize the advancement of time and space concept and innovation，For the contemporary construction and future development of Chinese formal aesthetics，Not only necessary，It is also feasible。

　　(The author is a professor at the Center for Contemporary Faculture of Jiangxi Normal University)