，In the process of establishing his ideological system，There are countless connections with the thoughts of various scholars。This is related to the fact that Xunzi himself was in the late Warring States Period - the end bet365 games development bet365 games thoughts bet365 games pre-Qin philosophers，Xunzi has sufficient conditions to evaluate various schools of thought、Reflection and reference ("Xunzi Fei Twelve Sons" is a concentrated expression)，And then used to deal with the intensification of conflicts between kings and ministers、The dilemma bet365 games era of chaos and disorder。

Judging from the text of "Xunzi"，It is indeed closely related to the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius，For previous Confucianism (mainly including Confucius、Concepts discussed by Mencius and Guodian Slips、There are many concerns and elaborations on propositions and ideas，At the same time, towards Taoism、Mojia、The thoughts of famous scholars, Legalists and other schools have been absorbed and transformed to varying degrees。In order to ensure the focus of discussion，We will take Xunzi’s recognition and transformation of Laozi’s thoughts as the research object，Use this to examine the development bet365 games relationship between Confucianism and Taoism during the Warring States Period and Xunzi’s theoretical contribution in promoting the social transformation bet365 games Zhou and Qin Dynasties。If we use the method of literature comparison to examine，You will find that Xunzi is discussing heaven and man、On Human Nature、Epistemology、Etiquette、Qi theory and other aspects are related to Laozi’s ideological theory。

　　Inspiration bet365 games the Theory of Heaven and Man

In order to understand and grasp the world in front of me，Solve the excessive desires of princes、Social ills caused by people’s disputes and blind obedience，Specially picked out the philosophical concept of "Tao"。He believes that "Tao" is born from heaven and earth，Everything in the world comes from it，The establishment and operation of world order are inseparable from the natural laws presented by "Tao"。This is why Chapter 25 of "Laozi" says: "There are things mixed together，Innate and Earth-born，Lonely and lonely，Independence will not change，Walking without danger，Can be the mother bet365 games world。”Inspired by this，Xunzi made a naturalistic understanding of heaven，Believe that all things are born from heaven，It is the interaction between yin and yang、Formed by the interaction: "Stars rotate with each other，The sun and the moon are shining brightly，Four Ages Royal，Great Yin and Yang，Wind and Rain Bo Shi，Everything can live in harmony，Everyone needs to be nourished to be successful，See the merits without seeing the deeds，Husband is called God。" ("Xunzi·Lun Tian") "Heaven and earth unite and all things come into being，Yin and Yang are connected and change occurs，Pseudosexuality harmonizes the world。"("Xunzi·Lun") It can be seen from this，Xunzi in the process of exploring all things in nature，Turtle Divination has been completely ruled out、The influence of technical means of communication between heaven and man and the mysterious color of religion and theology such as Zhanzhan，The process of creating all things is more understood as natural、impersonal。Although Laozi’s teachings are still somewhat vague and mysterious，But judging from what Laozi said，He mainly has a naturalistic understanding bet365 games process of Tao transforming into all things，has significant implications of natural laws。This can be seen，On the understanding bet365 games theory of heaven and man，Xunzi was obviously inspired by Laozi’s theory，Human subjectivity has also been demonstrated to a certain extent in the relationship between heaven and man。

　Transformation bet365 games Theory of Human Nature

Laozi’s way of thinking and perspective of observing things through Taoism are often summarized by scholars as “pushing the way of heaven to understand human affairs” ("Summary bet365 games General Catalog of Sikuquanshu")，And deeply recognized by the academic community。Influenced by this line of thinking，Xunzi is discussing the issue of human nature，Also often associated with the natural sky，Believe that nature is the source and basis for the formation of human nature。Follow this logic，Xunzi believes that the nature of "Heaven's creation" cannot be learned、Nothing can be done ("Xunzi·Evil Nature")，It’s natural，But in his view, such sex is not the essential content of human beings。Xunzi is not satisfied with the exploration and understanding of human nature itself，But to further explore how to transform human nature，In order to effectively promote the historical process bet365 games Zhou and Qin Dynasties on the basis of fully grasping the essence of human beings。As far as the theory of human nature is concerned，Laozi believes that the nature generated by Tao is harmonious、Perfect，But it will follow people’s desires、Strong and reckless actions lead to distortion、The possibility of distortion。Therefore，He warned people to "see simplicity and embrace simplicity，Less selfishness，There is no need to worry about the best knowledge” (Chapter 19 of "Laozi")，Return to the reverse direction，And then work on constructing a weak desire、Social governance model under low-cost dominance。Different from Lao Tzu，Although in Xunzi’s eyes, human nature is born from nature and it also has natural connotations，But he doesn’t think it’s uneducated、Reformed humanity is perfect，Because human nature is “born with benefits”，If you "go with the rules", it will lead to the emergence of various undesirable social phenomena: "Today's human nature，Born with good fortune，Shunye，So fight for life and give in and die；Is it true that you are born with diseases，Shunye，Therefore, the crippled thief is born but the faithful dies；Born with the desire for ears and eyes，Have a good voice，Shunye，Therefore, when promiscuity is born, etiquette, justice, and ethics are destroyed。But follow human nature，Submissive love，Must be due to competition，Consistent with breaking the law and falling into violence。” ("Xunzi·Evil Nature") based on the theoretical analysis bet365 games characteristics and tendencies of human nature，Xunzi reflects on and is wary of human nature and inaction，This is in direct opposition to Laozi’s theory of thinking。So he denies people's "obedience"，In proposing the idea of ​​“turning sex into falsification”、While emphasizing the teachings bet365 games Holy King，With the power bet365 games king、Transformation of etiquette and justice、The rule of law and punishment prohibit all kinds of "unnatural" ways and means to correct people's excessive desires in the social order，Trying to rationalize endless desires、Within controllable range，To create a material balance、A harmonious and orderly ideal society。

　bet365 games similarities

、In addition to significant ideological connections in the theory of human nature，There are also similarities in epistemology。The purpose of Laozi’s concept of “Tao”，That is, through the discussion and understanding bet365 games natural laws of Tao，Use analogies to examine and correct the principles of governance，Achieve the best political governance results with the lowest governance costs。In this process，How to understand Tao becomes an important link，This will inevitably involve Laozi’s epistemology。So how to understand the Tao and its natural laws？About this issue，The text of "Laozi" has responded many times，And regard the saint as a model of ethics，Such as "cleansing away the mysterious view" and "reaching the extreme of emptiness，Keep quiet and be sincere" "Noisiness overcomes coldness，Quiet beats heat，Quietness is the righteousness bet365 games world" "Females often prevail over males with tranquility，Taking tranquility as the bottom priority” and “the way of a saint”，Do not fight" etc.。In cited documents，“Xu” and “quiet” are words that appear more frequently。From the discussion bet365 games method of understanding Tao and the cultivation of skills in the text of "Laozi"，This negativity、The reverse way of thinking is obviously very inspiring in the formation of Xunzi’s epistemology。Xunzi thought when talking about why people need to unblock the veil，The heart is the king of form and the master of gods，It’s the key to knowing，And often in a state of being obscured。That’s why，He elaborated: "How do people know？say: heart。How does the heart know？Said: empty and quiet。The heart is not yet full of fear，However, there is a so-called virtuality；The heart is not indifferent，However, there is such a thing as one；The heart is still unmoved，However, there is such a thing as stillness。…Those who seek the Dao without attaining it，So-called empty one and stillness。……Zhicha，Know it，Those who understand Taoism。Void and quiet，Called the Great Qingming。”From its discussion，Xunzi’s cultivation bet365 games cognitive ability bet365 games heart，It also reflects the characteristics of reverse thinking to a certain extent。Whether it is the expression of "virtual"，Still an elaboration of “one” and “quiet”，And the "Great Qingming" cognitive realm achieved through this cultivation effort，They are all closely related to the epistemological thoughts and characteristics mentioned by Laozi。As for the theories of etiquette and qi mentioned above，Laozi also had a certain degree of influence on Xunzi，Due to the limitation of article length，No more expansion here。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his congratulatory letter to the "World Congress of China Studies·Shanghai Forum": "Only by tracing back to the source of history can we understand the real world，Only through the foundation of culture can we identify today’s China，Only through mutual learning among civilizations can we achieve common progress。”Through the above discussion，We can see the collision between Confucianism and Taoism in the early stages bet365 games development of Chinese civilization、Communication and integration situation。This is important for cultural exchanges and mutual learning between Eastern and Western civilizations in today’s era，As well as the subjectivity construction bet365 games modern civilization bet365 games Chinese nation, they have theoretical value and practical enlightenment significance that cannot be ignored。

　(The author is a professor at the Institute of bet365 games Thought and Culture, Northwest University)