Yang Kuan most of his life is in Shanghai，but from August 1937 to the summer of 1938，I went to Wuzhou, Guangxi for a year to coach，and compiled three historical lectures。According to Yang Kuan's published and unpublished materials，Try to describe this period of history。

1932， Yang Kuan admitted to Shanghai Private Guanghua University，Master from Jiang Weijiao、Qianji Bo、Lu Siman and other historians。During school，Help Shanghai Museum colleague Zheng Shi Xu edited Chinese "Da Mei Evening News · History Weekly"。I haven't graduated in 1936，Yang Kuan was hired as a research officer of the Ministry of Arts of the Shanghai Museum that is about to be established。January 1, 1937，Shanghai Museum officially opened。After the museum opens the museum，Zheng Shifu teach at Lizhenqin University, Guangdong Province。Before the Battle of Songhu，Yang Kuan and Hu Zhaochun, the curator of the Shanghai Museum, select the more important cultural relics Staying Museum，The Shanghai Museum is closed。To make a living，Recommended by Zheng Shifu，Yang Kuan was hired as a lecturer by the Department of Literature and History of the College of Education of Lizhenqin University, Guangdong Province。The school is Chen Jitang built to commemorate Gu Yingfen, which has supported him。Gu Yingfen Zi Qin (Xiang Qin)，The name。The school consists of three colleges: the Institute of Technology and Normal College (later renamed the School of Education), established in 1933，Business school established in 1934。1934，Three colleges merge into universities，It is called Guangdong Lizhenqin University，The number of students reached a thousand people，was a large university at that time，but it is not long，From the formal establishment to the end of the end。

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Yang Kuan issued four bet365 Play online games courses for the students at that time，According to "Historical Questions: Yang Kuan's Autobiography":

When I arrived in Wuzhou，The Department of Literature and History of the Literature and History of Yinqin has announced the course I started: the two courses of the last semester were the first grade "Chinese General History" and the fourth grade "Introduction to Ancient Articles"，The two courses of the next semester are the fourth grade "Historical Research Law" and "Ancient Chinese History"。"The History of China" uses Lu Simu's "Betta's History" as a teaching book。This is determined by the negotiation of Zheng Shie and the director of the department，He believes that I can be competent in these four courses。The reason why he set up "antique science" for me，Because he saw the various ancient utensils I wrote in the Shanghai Museum, it was more systematic，The content is specific and fulfilling，It can be expanded from this basis，Create the new course of "Antiquities"。

Check the Curriculum Form of the Department of Literature and History of the School of Education, the School of Education, Guangdong Province，"Chinese General History" (1) (2) Arrangement in university first、The second school year，"History Research Law" and "Research on History of Chinese Generations" (1) (Introduction to the "Ancient History of Chinese in Chinese" in Mr. Yang Kuan) were arranged in the third academic year，"Chinese antiquities" was arranged in the fourth school year。It was remembered by Yang Kuan，In the four class lessons，It is used by Lu Simian's "Bettance of the Country"，The rest need to be made up。

"Research on History of Chinese Generation" (1)，This book is Yang Kuan's famous work，After the full text income, Lu Siman、The seventh volume of "Ancient History" edited by the Children's Book Industry。The historical thought and contribution of the book，There are comments in the academic community，Give high evaluation。Gu Jiegang once said: "" Ancient History "volume 7，The most attention should be noticed，It is an addition bet365 best casino games of a vitality army，That is the publication of Mr. Yang Kuan's "Introduction to the Ancient History of China"。"Japanese scholar Besuka Maoshu strongly affirmed Yang Kuan, who was acting as a member of the" Suspected Ancient "in the preface theory of" The Development of Ancient Chinese History "，After fully ingesting the method and achievement of the Ancient School，Using mythological research methods to open up the new realm of "New Suspected Ancient School"。

　　"History Research Law" lecture

"History Research Law" Lecture "Historical Materials"，Together with more than 26,000 words，Cover questions are: History Research Law，Yang Kuan Lecture。The framework of the lecture is:

Preface

History Research Law Historical Materials

Chapter 1:

a、What is historical materials; two、Historical materials and history; three、Category of historical materials。

Chapter 2 Historical Materials

a、Category of History Books; Two、The application of historical books; three、Historical materials concentrated by Jingzi。

Read this lecture，I think，"Lecture" has the following three main characteristics。

First，Affirmation of traditional historical research method。Scholars have always criticized，Although many historical books in China，But there are very few books that study historical methods。Yang Kuan pointed out，"The book of the history of our country is not available，There is no one to make a coherent ear for no artificial strips "。Nearly two or three hundred years，Books of Western Research Historical Methods appeared，and in China，The "Dao Xu", "Language", "Confucian Zeng", "Yi Zeng", "Right", and "Righteousness" in the Han Dynasty Wang Chong's "On Heng"。The Institute of Western History Research Law，You can find the corresponding in traditional Chinese literature。As Rangeelia and Sanobo's "Getting Started by History Research Law"，Its collation and research，Text involving historical bands，It is called "foreign evidence"。Breeding the truth of facts，The heart of the author involved，Called bet365 best casino games "internal evidence"。Wang Chong's "On Heng · Phase" Yun: "，Effective things，Floating things，Certificate of Establishment。"" The so -called "test of the heart" and "effective things" means the "internal certificate" of foreign historians。Western scholar said: The completion of a work，First collect historical materials，File of False Correction，Research on the facts of the facts，Last combination history。Zhang Xuecheng's so -called "search consultation"，"Choose to take"，"Tao Yan changes" is also a must -have step in historical research。"Search Consultation" is the so -called "early foundation knowledge" in Western History Research Law，"Choose to take", that is, "Analysis Work"，"Tao Yan Change" means "comprehensive work"。Correspondingly,，The first step，Chuanji Knowledge will use directory、Knowledge in collation，History of collecting historical materials。Step 2，Analysis work will be used for training、Knowledge in the study，You need to choose to get historical materials。Step 3，Comprehensive work，Tao Yan changes。Historical methods used by Chinese and foreign historians，Although the name is different，It has no method at first。So，Through the middle、West Comparison Source，Mr. Yang Kuan believes，As long as "carefully study，Fanfan starting for examples，Compared with the works of Western History，There must be no more 焉 焉 焉 焉 焉 " 。

2，The important value of affirmative historical materials。Traditional history is mainly based on the history of examination。Since modern times，With the introduction of western scientific trends，Various science rise，History also embarks on the scientific journey，In this process，Scholars continuously expand the scope of historical materials。The writing of "Lecture" also reflects this overall trend。Lecture Chapter 1 is the historical materialology，Fully affirmed the important position of historical materials in historical，Historical bet365 Play online games materials are the life of history，No historical materials can be called history without historical materials。Times History according to the content、Form、Source is divided into different types，and point out the credibility of each historical material。and point out the credibility of each historical material，I believe that scholars are not only in history、Editor -in -law、End of Chronicles、Finding materials in the genre of political books，History of Miscellaneous History、稗 History novels、Fang Zhi、Spectrum、Foreigners' writing、Other years of the year's journalism of Ruo History、Travel notes are also important historical sources。another section of the scriptures、Son、Collection and application of concentrated historical materials。

third，Pay attention to catalog。From Ruan Xiaoxu's "Seven Records" to "Siku Book Answers"，Some categories of historical category。Yang Kuan divides the scholars' classification into three types，Some categories of the history of "Sui Zhi" are the classification method of the history school。Another way to take a different path，The category method of the owner of the ownership is。Liu Zhiji、The classification method of the history of Zhang Xuecheng's name，and have a detailed introduction and comment on various classification methods。Wang Ming Shengyan: "The learning of the directory，The first thing in school is tight，must be asked from here，。"" Everyone who reads the most cut，Directory Learning，Directory name，Fang can read，Unknown，Finally read。"" Through the understanding of the directory，allows researchers to understand academic source flow，Instructions academic door diameter。Ru Yang Kuan agrees with this theory，History of governance should be first -through directory，It is not bad errors。"Books are more，Instructions of the door diameter，Especially not tolerant。”

　　"Chinese Ancient Articles" lecture

"Chinese Ancient Articles" Lecture "Preface Theory", "Chinese Ancient Artifacts bet365 live casino games Bronze"，There are more than 20,000 words，Cover questions are: Chinese ancient utensils，Yang Kuan Lecture。The framework of the lecture is:

Preface

1. The meaning of antiques and methods

2. Category of Chinese ancient utensils and its evolution

Three, the value of historical and cultural value

Chinese ancient utensils to learn bronze articles

Chapter 1 Origin of Copper

1. Copper weapons and stone corners

2. Copper container and stone

3. Copper container and pottery

4. Copper container and bamboo wood

5. Copper wine and cornea tooth 骨

6. Copper container and bone shell

Chapter 2 The evolution of Copper Ware

1. Time

2. Yin Shang and early Zhou

(1) The excavation and records of the vessel

(2) The inscriptions of Yin Shang and early Zhou Copper

"Chinese Ancient Articles" Lecture has a certain value。my country's research on antique science is very early，But bring antique science as a course into class，In the 1920s and 1930s, it was rare。I know it，Only 1929 Rong Geng was three as the Department of History of Yanjing University、Fourth grade to open elective courses "antiquities"，Tell the type of Chinese utensils、shape、Application and research methods。and 1936，Students from Guangdong Lizhou University in Wuzhou, a Wuzhou Province in the distance, can learn this professional course，This is a rare。Lecture believes，We want to study the source and evolution of the forms of ancient utensils，Also study the source and evolution of its pattern，We study ancient utensils，Form、pattern and inscription，It is a triple -in -one，Can't be particularly focused on one aspect。Reading lecture，Very obvious is，Research on the learning circles of Yang Kuan，Frequent quoting Luo Zhenyu、Wang Guowei、Guo Moruo、Li Ji、Tang Lan、Ma Heng、Xu Zhongshu、Guo Baojun and foreign scholar Meihara Mo Yuan、Hamada farming、Research results of Anteson and other proves to prove，This is very beneficial to broaden students' academic vision。

In short，The three lectures are all the results of Yang Kuan's early historical research，Except the "Introduction to the Ancient History of China", which is well known in the academic community，"History Research Law" and "Chinese antiquities" lectures are newly discovered bet365 Play online games materials，Talk about this meaning，enrich our cognition of Yang Kuan's historical phase，It also has important significance for the system to understand Yang Kuan's academic experience and life research results。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Fund general project "Yang Kuan and the 20th Century China History Research (20BZS006) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Yan'an University)