In daily life，We are dealing with others all the time，Understanding its ideas and feelings from the actions of others helps us to promote social interaction between each other。The ability to understand others is a complicated process，Need to analyze various components of action，Among them, understand what others are doing (that is, the point of action to the target) and why they do (that is, the intention of action)。But，Understanding a action is not only to understand its goals and intentions，It is still understanding the execution of the action。For example，We can feel his wish from the pace of the athletes after the athletes complete the game、Intent and emotion。This kind of dynamic characteristics about action are developed by psychologists and psychoanalytic scholar Daniel Stern, called "Forms of Vitality"。This concept is used to describe the basic features of action，"How to Do" attributes involved in action，It can reflect the psychological or emotional state of the actor。According to different cognition or emotional status，Our actions may take different vitality forms，For example，Grab grip can be "powerful" or "weak"，Touching can be "gentle" or "rude"。Most of our behaviors bet365 Play online games are characterized by specific vitality forms，The ability to identify these forms plays an important role in successfully interacting with others，Lack of this ability will hinder the exact and effective interaction of social interaction。

autism spectrum dysfunction，The following referred to as "autism") is a neuros development disease with different clinical manifestations，Including social skills defects、Words and non -verbal communication disorders、Restrictions and repeated behaviors。The defects in the field of emotional bonds and the field of emotional behavior are an important aspect of autism disorder。Autism patients' words and gesture exchanges often show atypical abnormal emotional reactions，and it is difficult to understand social information from the non -language hints of others。There is evidence to indicate，Individuals with autism are not good in identifying the emotional expression of others and evaluating the feelings of others，and this may be related to the vitality form in the actions of others in the movement of others。

Hobson and others early research indicates，Although autistic children are in the target -oriented part of imitation of relatively complex actions and typical development，TD) There are no significant differences in children，But they have obvious difficulties when imitating different "styles" actions，Especially when the imitation style is not important for achieving bet365 live casino games the action goals。Hobson's defects of this imitation action style of autistic children attributed to autism children lack of recognition of others，So that they are unwilling to "copy" the style of action observed。

Rochat and others further examined whether the obstacles in this imitation action style of autism children are limited to the imitation field，or not can blame them more deeper on their identification vitality.。Experimental videos of two actors performing two actors to take the movement of two actors to children and typical development of children，The same action is performed in different vitality forms (gentle or rude)，Two groups of children need to judge the action (what) or vitality form (how to do) whether the two continuous videos are the same or different。As a result, I found，There are obvious separation between these two tasks，Children with autism can understand what others are doing，But there are obvious obstacles when identifying the vitality form of others' actions。This indicates，Obstacles in perceived vitality form is a major defect of children with autism，Research on the processing of conscious information processing of autism children in the past，The reason behind it may be that it is difficult for them to convert the physical information of other people's action sports into their psychological representation about the action。It is worth noting that，This experiment also indicates，The obstacles that show Bet365 app download in the recognition of vitality not only exist in autistic children，and also exist on more older autism patients，and other types of behavior understanding defects often disappear with age，This indicates that individuals with autism may overcome cognitive actions to understand defects，But it will not overcome the basic sensation defect that affects vitality identification。

In addition to the obstacles when identifying and imitating other people's action styles，Children with autism also have obvious difficulties when expressing their emotional state through vitality。Casartelli and others compared the autism children and typical development of children in hand exercise (placed the bottle、Throw the ball、Give biscuits, etc.) showing different vitality forms (gentle or rude)。results show，When the type of movement is needed to change and change the vitality form，It is difficult for children with autism to complete this task，That is。

Effective social interaction is not only to understand others，Also in letting others understand，This is a two -way interactive process。Casar Terry and others further examined whether typical development of children can identify the vitality form in the action of autistic children。In the experiment，Researchers present two videos to typical development of children with typical development of children，The video shows two different types of actions performed by two different vitality forms，Half of which is performed by autistic children，The other half bet365 best casino games comes from normal children，Typical development of children's tests need to determine whether the type of action in the video or the vitality of the action is the same。Research results found，Typical development of children has obvious difficulties when understanding the vitality form showed by children with autism，Even with the help of information feedback, it still performs poorly。

This self's self -the mapping defect of others may be explained by the mapping defects of others.。Some researchers have pointed out，Social resonance in patients with autism may be partly due to the mirror neuron (Mirror Neuron) mechanism.。Mirror neuron is a kind of activation not only during the execution of action，and neurons that will also activate when they perceive others to do similar actions，It is considered imitation、Key nerve mechanisms for the development of action cognitive。Studies indicate，There is a connection between the neurological foundation and mirror mechanism of the vitality form，Mainly activated brain areas when perceived and expressive vitality-the back side of the back on the right side (Dorso-Central Insula，DCI) may be given a mirror mechanism，Convert the sensitive information about the vitality of others into these forms of sports representation。This may explain why autism children have difficulty in identifying the vitality form of others' actions，That is, it is difficult for them to rely on their misunderstanding of the corresponding vitality Bet365 app download form when observing others; it can also explain the difficulties of typical children when identifying autistic forms of autism children，The feeling of the action of the action sports that they observe the autistic children they observed is matched with their own brain processing process and corresponding vitality form.。

To sum up，Vitality Form as a key element as an interactive interaction of primary subjects，Deeply shaped our experience of ourselves and others，It is the same as the goal and action of action，It is important to understand the behavior of others。Autism patients have obstacles in their perception and expression of vitality.，Makes them effective interaction with their companions often difficult to achieve，Then it affects their adaptation to the surrounding environment。The lack of vitality identification and expression in patients with autism，provides a new revelation for the core social defects of autism，helps us to understand the characteristics of autism patients in social cognition，and the two -way difficulties they and normal individuals when trying to understand each other。

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(Author Unit: Department of Psychology at Zhejiang Normal University; Brain、Mind and Education Research Center)