With the advent of an aging society，The mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo have become a hot topic of concern to the whole society。World Health Organization 2017 Discovery，Due to health、Degeneration of cognitive and other abilities，Up to one in five older adults experience a variety of mental health issues，including anxiety、Depression、Decreased sensory perception、Memory loss、Changeable personality、Cognitive dissonance and even Alzheimer’s disease, etc.。Domestic and foreign research also shows that，Mental health problems, happiness and life expectancy in the bet365 new user promo、Mortality rates are closely linked，Seriously affecting the quality of life of the bet365 new user promo in their later years。Therefore，From the theoretical perspective of life course and ecosystem view，Focus on the mental health issues of the bet365 new user promo，Comment out its characteristics、Influencing factors and development trends，Not only can its mechanism be revealed relatively completely，It can also deepen the whole society’s understanding of this complex phenomenon to a certain extent。

　　Characteristics of research on bet365 new user promo mental health problems

Generally，Mental health does not only mean the absence of mental illness，Can also be regarded as a well-adapted state of happiness。By this，We think，The connotation of the concept of mental health for the bet365 new user promo includes at least three elements: individual psychological functions are basically normal，includes cognitive functions、Emotional expression、Normal performance of willpower；Intra-individual psychological activities and environment (family、Community、Society) Harmony；Good at adapting，Possess the potential to adapt to aging and cope with adversity。Start from here，Carefully sort out and summarize previous research，We found that current research on bet365 new user promo mental health problems has the following three characteristics。

First, expand from cultural diversity to regional diversity。This is mainly manifested in two aspects: first，Research results on bet365 new user promo mental health in different countries and cultures have gradually accumulated。From a global perspective，Due to the specific history of each country、Different economic and social environments，There are also certain cultural differences in the mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo。1980s，Cross-cultural research on the mental health of the bet365 new user promo is beginning to emerge。For example，Many studies have proven that the mental health of the bet365 new user promo in high-income countries is better than that in middle-income countries；According to analysis by the World Health Organization，Senior depression is the fourth most common disease in Southeast Asia，But the prevalence rate ranks first in the Americas。Given the cultural differences in the content and structure of mental health，Some researchers are also working on integrating bet365 new user promo mental health measurement tools such as the Symptom Self-Rating Scale、The Geriatric Depression Scale and other tools were adapted into research tools suitable for localization，To understand、Assessing and comparing the level of mental health in older adults across different countries and cultures。Second，Research on bet365 new user promo mental health in different regions is gradually enriched。The most typical one is a comparative study on the mental health of the bet365 new user promo in rural areas and urban areas。For example, researchers analyzed China’s urban and rural bet365 new user promo population status tracking survey data，Discovered the detection rate of depressive symptoms among the bet365 new user promo in rural areas、Anxiety levels are significantly higher than those of urban bet365 new user promo people；Same，Foreign researchers have also conducted comparative studies on the mental health levels of the bet365 new user promo in rural and urban areas。For example，Using depression as an indicator，A Japanese study reported no significant difference in mental health status between rural bet365 new user promo and urban bet365 new user promo；Another meta-analysis study showed，In the United States、The mental health level of urban bet365 new user promo in Canada and other countries is at a disadvantage，That is, the prevalence of depression among urban bet365 new user promo is higher than that among rural bet365 new user promo。Obviously，Research results from Western countries are different from those in China。

Second, there has been a substantial increase in research on the mental health issues of special bet365 new user promo groups。No matter which country you are in，Mental health of special bet365 new user promo groups，Usually suffer greater threats and challenges than the average bet365 new user promo。Research on the mental health of special bet365 new user promo groups in my country，The main target is empty nesters、Left-behind bet365 new user promo、Migrant bet365 new user promo。Empty nesters and left-behind seniors lack emotional comfort for a long time、Life care and even financial support，Easy to show anxiety and depression、Lonely and pessimistic、Unwilling to interact with others、Negative emotions such as idleness，Mental health is generally poor；The migrant bet365 new user promo have to leave the familiar environment where they have lived for a long time，The originally established interpersonal network continues to shrink or even disappear，Easily experience social maladjustment and insecurity，These will have a negative impact on their mental health。Foreign research on the mental health of special bet365 new user promo groups，Mainly including disabled bet365 new user promo people、bet365 new user promo immigrants and bet365 new user promo refugees。A large number of studies have shown，Disabled bet365 new user promo people are exposed to adversity for a long time，Low self-efficacy，Prone to anxiety、Depression and other mental illnesses，The sense of hopelessness and even the risk of suicide are significantly higher than those of the normal bet365 new user promo population。Research on bet365 new user promo immigrants and bet365 new user promo refugees also shows，Older immigrant experience as a potential source of stress，In addition, they may suffer social rejection after being exposed to new cultures、Discrimination and a series of negative events，Easy to cause subjective happiness、Reduced mental health。Especially for bet365 new user promo refugees，Immigration stressors accelerate the mental health effects of war trauma，Making this group more likely to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder。

The third is to start focusing on research on bet365 new user promo mental health services。Current situation and development trends of global population aging，The mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo have become more prominent year by year，For this，Some bet365 new user promo mental health service policies have been introduced。For example, the World Health Organization adopted the "Global Strategy and Action Plan on Aging and Health" in 2016。In our country，The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Development of China's Aging Industry" and the "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the bet365 new user promo Care Service Industry" issued by the State Council clearly stated that health education for the bet365 new user promo should be widely carried out，Accelerate the development of the bet365 new user promo care service industry，Pay attention to its spiritual care and psychological comfort；The "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Mental Health Services" jointly issued by 22 departments including the National Health and Family Planning Commission further emphasized，More psychological counseling should be provided to the bet365 new user promo with poor mental health、Emotional relief、Sad comfort、Mental health services such as family relationship adjustment。At the same time，A series of studies on geriatric mental health services are rapidly carried out。A recent longitudinal follow-up study on the bet365 new user promo in my country clearly shows，With the increasing popularity of mental health services，And the introduction of policies for mental health services，The bet365 new user promo in my country will be able to obtain psychological counseling services provided by their communities。

　　Factors affecting the mental health of the bet365 new user promo:Theoretical hypothesis model

In order to more systematically understand the mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo，It is necessary to conduct in-depth analysis and discussion of relevant theories on factors affecting mental health。Theories about the influencing factors of bet365 new user promo mental health mainly involve two major perspectives: life course perspective and ecological system perspective。Further，Theoretical hypotheses as factors influencing the mental health of the bet365 new user promo，We proposed the "Life Course-Ecosystem View Model"。

Life-course Perspective，Human development and aging is a lifelong process，It is composed of all events and experiences throughout the life course。Therefore，The formation of mental health problems in the bet365 new user promo is inseparable from personal growth、Various life events experienced during development and ultimately aging。The ecological systems theory defines human development as the continuous process of change in which individuals continue to perceive and deal with the relationship between themselves and the environment。This means，The influencing factors of bet365 new user promo mental health are not limited to the micro system (i.e. personal system，Such as individual biological genetic characteristics、Personality traits, etc.)，Also involves macro systems (i.e. external systems，Like family、Community、Social environment, etc.) and the interaction of internal and external systems, etc.。Based on the connotations of the above two theories and related empirical research results，We summarize and integrate these two theoretical perspectives into the "life course-ecosystem view" model，Trying to show more systematically the various factors that affect the mental health of the bet365 new user promo。This model contains four systems，Personal systems respectively、Home System、Community system and social system。At the same time，A complete life course line runs through four systems，Represents the impact of various events and experiences in the life course on each system。Interaction between various subsystems、mutual influence、Indispensable。

Personal systems include the biogenetic characteristics (genes) of an individual、Age、Gender, etc.)、Personality traits and behavioral tendencies、Lifestyle habits, etc.，It is the most basic symbol system to distinguish different individuals。Numerous studies show the impact of personal systems on mental health in older adults。If compared to men，Older women are more susceptible to depression、Anxiety and other mental illnesses；And higher neuroticism、Lower extraversion、Personality traits such as conscientiousness and low self-esteem，It is a risk factor for depression and anxiety symptoms in the bet365 new user promo；But good personal habits，Such as moderate physical exercise、Reasonable meals, etc.，Can effectively reduce the risk of mental illness in bet365 new user promo individuals。

The family system includes important relationships in the family，Such as the relationship between parents and children、Marriage relationship、Intergenerational relationship, etc.，Also includes family functions and roles played by family members (such as caregivers), etc.。Some research points out，Good family functions，Such as emotional support from children and close relationship with spouse，Can reduce depression in the bet365 new user promo、Loneliness and the occurrence of cognitive deficits。There are also studies pointing out，The role of caregiver in the family for bet365 new user promo individuals can seriously affect their mental health。As a caregiver，They bear greater financial pressure and household responsibilities，More conflicts from spouse and family，Worse mental health。

Community systems include the physical environment of the community (such as housing、Public health, etc.) and community resources (such as neighborhood relations、Peer support、Collective efficacy, etc.)。Many studies have found links between community systems and mental health outcomes in older adults。The bet365 new user promo after retirement，The important area of ​​daytime activity and participation gradually shifts from work to neighborhood relationships，This makes them more likely to rely on surrounding resources。bet365 new user promo people with harmonious neighborhood relationships enjoy higher subjective well-being，Better mental health。Same，Better community service facilities、A more harmonious community culture，Conducive to increasing the participation rate of bet365 new user promo people in community activities，Thus reducing the occurrence of mental health problems in the bet365 new user promo。Vice versa，Disadvantaged communities with fewer community resources are associated with lower cognitive function in the bet365 new user promo。

Social systems include social policies、Economy、Culture, customs, etc.。Compared to the above three systems，The social system has a more lasting impact on the mental health of the bet365 new user promo、Profoundness。Among them，The more typical one is the aging stereotype that is prevalent in social culture。Confirmed by a large number of empirical studies，Aging stereotype threat exacerbates effects on cardiovascular stress，And impairs memory tasks in older adults、Driving Behavior、Walking ability。At the same time，Cultural adaptation in the social system will also have an impact on the mental health of the bet365 new user promo。Targeting the migrant bet365 new user promo in my country，Many studies have confirmed that their sense of belonging and social identity are poor、High detection rate of anxiety and depression，At the same time, the happiness level is significantly lower than that of the local bet365 new user promo。In addition，Poor socioeconomic development is also an important cause of mental health problems in the bet365 new user promo。

The life course perspective runs through the above four systems，Represents the impact of all events and experiences throughout the life course on each system。here，We focus on analyzing various events experienced by individuals after entering old age。First, retirement。On the relationship between retirement and mental health，There are two diametrically opposed arguments。Some researchers believe，Retirement is a relief from work，Older people can pursue their interests after retirement、Hobbies and leisure activities，Has a positive impact on their mental health。Other researchers view retirement as a major life event that may produce stress，Because retirement means that the pre-held life trajectory is disrupted，Loss of work and personal social roles，Sense of loss、Increased loneliness，Reduced self-efficacy，Thus causing a further decline in the mental health of the bet365 new user promo。The second is the loss of a spouse and the loss of an only child。Research has found，Being widowed is associated with declining mental health in older adults，For example, depressive symptoms in the bet365 new user promo will be significantly enhanced after experiencing the loss of a spouse，Grief and risk of death will also increase。Research on the loss of an only child also shows that，The death of an only child is an important risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in bet365 new user promo parents。The third is the mobility of the bet365 new user promo population。The phenomenon of bet365 new user promo population migration brings about a series of mental health problems，Including suffering discrimination、Cultural maladjustment、Loneliness and loss、Intensified insecurity, etc.；It also means breaking away from the place of origin where you have lived for a long time，Thus facing the traditional lifestyle、Changes in community and social support networks，And the need to adapt to the new cultural environment，This will pose a threat to their communities and social systems to a certain extent。

　　Research and Development Trends in bet365 new user promo Mental Health Issues

The life course of bet365 new user promo mental health-the ecological system view model believes that each system affects each other、Indispensable，So there is a major lack or serious change of some kind of system，May be the main cause of mental health problems in the bet365 new user promo，This provides theoretical support for people to further explore its mechanism of action and practical intervention paths。

The improvement and promotion of the mental health of the bet365 new user promo is a systematic project。It can be seen from the construction of the life course-ecosystem view theoretical model，Intervention and prevention of mental health problems in the bet365 new user promo，Not just a personal activity，It is a complex system project。It is not only affected by the internal characteristics of the individual，Also protected by family、Community、Constraints from society and life events。What needs to be noted is，Previous research, especially empirical research，Still more concerned about the impact of a single system or a single life event on the mental health of the bet365 new user promo，Lack of more macroscopic and systematic research。Since the bet365 new user promo are always exposed to ever-changing systems and life events，We must comprehensively grasp and comprehensively understand the influencing factors of mental health in the bet365 new user promo、Intervention and promotion strategies。This is a structural issue related to the effectiveness of bet365 new user promo mental health services。

The mental health of the bet365 new user promo urgently requires the intervention of mental health services。Based on the life course-ecosystem view theory we believe，Geriatric mental health service workers must simultaneously carry out aging services from four systems and life course perspectives。First，From the perspective of life course，The formation and development of mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo are inseparable from their personal life events。Mental health service workers must have full life cycle skills、Service concept based on the whole population，Not only for bet365 new user promo mental health services，It is more important to start from the early stages of life，Carry out health advocacy for the entire population。Secondly，Mental health service workers should also integrate multiple systems to comprehensively consider specific mental health interventions，will be personal、The power of family and society are closely integrated。This is the difficulty，It is also the specific direction for future improvements。

The work goals of bet365 new user promo mental health need to be combined with the ultimate goal of healthy aging。October 2016，Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、The State Council released the "Healthy China 2030" Planning Outline，Based on the basic national conditions of my country’s aging population，Clearly put forward the overall planning goals and basic implementation paths for promoting healthy aging。February 2017，The State Council issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of National Aging Causes and the Construction of the bet365 new user promo Care System"，More clearly explains the specific implementation strategies and main policy indicators for the construction of my country’s bet365 new user promo care services and health support system。October 2017，The implementation of the Healthy China strategy was formally proposed in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Emphasis on providing comprehensive services to the people (including the bet365 new user promo)、Full-cycle health services。July 2019，"Opinions of the State Council on Implementing the Healthy China Action" released，Further follow up and ensure the effective implementation of the Healthy China Strategy (including the Healthy Aging Strategy)。The implementation of these policies reflects the importance of healthy aging to the national development strategy。Therefore，Improving and promoting the mental health of the bet365 new user promo，Should be combined with the ultimate goal of healthy aging，Enable the policy to take root、Bloom and bear fruit。

In the future, we should also pay attention to the following three aspects of development: First, the research methods of mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo should focus on moving from single dimension to multi-dimensional、From transversal to vertical、Exploration from micro to macro；Second, measurement tools for mental health problems of the bet365 new user promo need to be developed，This is mainly due to the fact that the imported foreign scales are not suitable for our country’s national conditions，And the lack of comprehensive measurement of mental health in existing tools；Third, research on bet365 new user promo mental health issues should be multidisciplinary and cross-integrated，Realize complementary advantages。

　　(The author is the chief expert of the interdisciplinary platform of mental bet365 new user promo education at Renmin University of China、Professor)