February 28，Xinhua News Agency's National high -end think tank published a Chinese and English think tank report "China Poverty Alleviation -China Poverty Alleviation Theory and Practice in Political Economics"。This report has received wide attention from experts and scholars at home and abroad。A relationship between poverty reduction and economic growth、China's poverty reduction road is universal and special worldwide、Chinese poverty reduction experience can be used、Four issues of the future research direction of Chinese poverty -stricken studies，Our reporter to China Bank China、Martin Raiser, director of the South Korean and Mongolian Bureau, conducted an interview。

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"China Social Sciences": You have said，"China's poverty reduction is a growth story"。In your opinion，How to understand the relationship between poverty reduction and economic growth?

Rui Ze: The relationship between the two is simple and important，Economic growth can promote an increase in the average revenue of a country，Poverty alleviation itself can be understood as a decrease in the proportion of population Bet365 lotto review below a certain income threshold。In most countries，A negative relationship between economic growth and poverty，That is, economic growth can promote the reduction of poverty。but but，This relationship will have differences in different historical periods between different countries and the same country，We can measure the elastic coefficient of economic growth by calculating the poverty rate。For example，Elasticity coefficient -1 indicates that GDP increases by 1 percentage point per increase，The poverty rate of that year will drop by 1 percentage point。In China，For the past 40 years，The average value of this number is about -2，​​That is, 1 percentage point of the GDP increases for every increase in GDP，The poverty rate decreases two percentage points。This is a relatively high number，And with a higher average growth rate accompanied。So，I think，China's poverty reduction is a growth story。

Also pay attention to，The elasticity of poverty reduction of growth is a function that can reflect how deep the poverty is in the beginning of a certain period，It can show the distance between the poverty and the distance between the poverty line。You can see through this function，How hard to pay to make the income of the poor is higher than the poverty line，and the income growth of the poor and the comparison of the national average。1980，China's poverty rate is about 90%，But in fact, the income level of many poor households is very bet365 Play online games close to the poverty line。So，The poverty rate has dropped very quickly at first。In the first 30 years of reform and opening up，The inequality of Chinese society has intensified。Otherwise，The decline in poverty rate will be faster。But in the past ten years，Irimulation is controlled，Stable，The income growth rate of China's poor people is faster than the level of national income。This allows China to continue to reduce the absolute poverty even if the economic growth slows down。

　China's poverty reduction road has both universality and special characteristics

"China Social Sciences": Compared with other countries，What is the general law of poverty reduction in China? What are the unique things?

Rui Ze: As I mentioned earlier，China's poverty reduction is a growth story。At this point，It and including several other East Asian countries、Economy that has experienced high economic growth is not much different。China and these economies have other common points，For example，The opportunity for poor people to obtain education and medical resources has been significantly improved，This allows them to better seize economic opportunities。Reforms that emerged in the late 1970s promoted the rapid improvement of agricultural productivity。Correspondingly，Economic transformation and population migration from rural to urban areas have become one of the motivation for economic growth and poverty reduction。Population structure transformation acceleration，The raising ratio drops sharply，It ensures that the proportion bet365 best casino games of the population income from family members is rising。

Of course，The history of the Chinese planned economic system and the current economic system together constitute a specific national conditions background，This is also very important。For example，Martin Ravallion, an expert who studies poverty issues, recently proposed，The rapid decrease in the rapid decrease in China's poor people after the reform and opening up reflects the characteristics of China in the early days of reform。other，China has successfully solved the "last mile" problem in the process of eliminating absolute poverty，This also reflects to a certain extent that China has the ability to mobilize a large number of countries and non -state behaviors to support the nation's level.。

　Learn from China's poverty reduction experience

"China Social Sciences": The method of poverty reduction may not exist，But other countries may be able to learn from the practice of poverty reduction in China。What do you think of China's poverty reduction practice to the world?

Rui Ze: The first thing I need to emphasize is，Among the absolute poverty that has decreased worldwide in the past 40 years，China's proportion exceeds 2/3。This is obviously an important achievement。So，better understanding Chinese experience is valuable。As I mentioned before，The macroeconomic driving force for poverty reduction in China is not much different from what we see in other high -speed growth economies，These elements are copied，Market signal transmission and market competition, Bet365 app download including the export market、sound macroeconomic management、higher domestic savings rate、A large public investment in infrastructure construction、Economic transformation and improvement of productivity、Improvement in education and medical care、Population structure transformation, etc.。The above points can be with the specific experience of China's economic reform，Cases that create economic opportunities and employment in remote and backward areas complement each other。At the same time，Although people have a good understanding of the overall situation of Chinese poverty reduction，But there is still a lack of strong empirical arguments in specific policies。China can further expand the public data obtaining channel for public expenditure and family budget research，so that researchers around the world can conduct related analysis of this。This will be a huge contribution made by China to global development。

　　Develop and improve China's poverty reduction

"Journal of Social Sciences of China": Do you think that in the future development of poverty reduction in China，What topics can I start in more in -depth research?

Rui Ze: In China's poverty reduction experience，There are many important issues to be studied in -depth。I already mentioned，We need better data to explain the impact of specific policies，Including government projects and their costs, etc.。Taking labor transfer as an example，Although this has brought a lot of benefits to families bet365 Play online games with mobile labor，allow them to earn higher income in areas outside their hometown and take them home，But the parents' departure work also had a great impact on left -behind children。One of the solutions to this problem is to migrate the city's foreign population with their families，Reform the household registration system accordingly。but but，This requires the government's additional investment in housing and public services。Similar，Although we already know that skills are the key to getting economic opportunities in the poor，But the data on the study of gaps in rural areas obtained by researchers is still limited。other，Most of the existing empirical analysis and policy research on poverty reduction in China is focused on rural areas。With the further growth of Chinese residents' income，and the definition of poverty in China is more consistent with the global high or high -income countries，A considerable part of China in the future may come from urban areas。So far，These are not the focus of policies，Research evidence is also relatively limited。The above is just some examples I mentioned，It is used to explain that the research on China's research on eliminating poverty and creating economic opportunities still needs to be developed。In this process，Other countries can also absorb more experience。