After the Anshi Rebellion，Tang room decline，Back、Tubo and other rising in the Western Regions，Later party items、Khitan Xiong Ling Hexi、Mobe，The Silk Road on the land immediately fell into the "road stalk，Destroyer "。The intersection of the Tang and Song dynasties，my country's Economic and Cultural Center has gradually shifted from Central Plains to southeast，Maritime trade promotes the rise of the Maritime Silk Road，Finally, the prosperity of the two Song Dynasty。The historical evolution of the Tang and Song Silk Routes，Spo Yi Xin、Huang Chunyan、Putak and other domestic and foreign scholars from domestic and foreign scholars from trade policies、Archaeological relics and other aspects have already studied many studies，But the academic community still involves it in daily life。In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Hong Zunzun Five Volume，The chessboard system of Shuanglu chess、Fortune cloth、Rules of Malaysia, etc.，From the perspective of chess art, the cultural steering of the two Song Dynasty and the exchange of the exchange of the Land and Sea Silk Road。

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Double Land, also known as Double Six、Holding、Long line、Parase opera (Sanskrit Prasaka)，Divided black and white，Is a two -play chess game。"Double Spectrum" contains Beibei Shuangli、Guangzhou Shuanglu、Nantou Dongyi Shuanglian three categories，Below it will be tightly double -land (Khitan Shuangli)、Back to Shuangli、Nangpi double land、Big Food Double Land、14 variants such as double land in Japan，Detailed narrative of various double land rules，And with their own chessboard。The shape of the chessboard of each double land and the rules of chess are slightly different，But the same is the same。When the game is in the game，There are fifteen chess for both sides for horse，Place in different positions，There are "left and right Bet365 lotto review twelve roads" on the chessboard as a beam，Ma Yiliang。Two or three dice for chess，Dice points can be used for one or more horses to occupy or empty beams，or only the other person's one horse beam，Rove the opponent's chess piece back to the starting point。Both sides take turns roll dice and horses，First, all the chess pieces of your own play to the opponent are winning。

What is the name of the double land，It is difficult to test now。Liu Cun "The beginning of the matter" and Feng Jian's "The Start of the Instant"，Shuanglu was created by Cao Zhi during the Cao Wei period。Sima Guang once said in "Zi Zhi Tong Jian"，"Volume Qiong to do twelve chess，Six chesss for each line，Therefore, the double land "。Yang Lian Sheng and Qian Daosun believe that Shuanglu and the ancient six -blog of the same origin，But without the example of Xiang。"Together Double" thinks，The beam that the chess pieces need to pass the "rate is limited to six".，According to the "Book of Wei Shu · Skills and Art", there is the brother of Hu Wang in the "Gai as Hu opera，Entering China "，"The books contained in the books"，Examination Double Land originated from Tianzhu，introduced and improved by Cao Zhi。The interesting thing is，Ancient Roman's chess called "Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum)，Zeng Zeng The Mediterranean coast，It is passed down to this day for Western Backgammon。The chess is extremely similar to the double land，Types as homologous，After the Silk Road, Broadcasting Europe。

Double land and its aliases are not seen before Wei and Jin，"Beiqi Book" began to carry Qi Shizu and the Western Hughang to play with the game dual -land。"South History" Zeng Ji，Liang Chao Xiao Xun is too slow to cheat when he complains about the prince's double land.，Complaint with it，and therefore attract the disaster of killing。After entering the Tang Dynasty，Shuanglu is also popular in the Tang Dynasty，The "Wu Zetian Dream Double Land" in "New Tang Book" is widely circulated: Wu Zetian once dreams of double land，Ask Di Renjie's reason。Di Renjie answered "Double Land Extinction，No son in the bet365 live casino games palace "，Metaphor for Metropolitan and Palace with chess pieces and chessboards，promoted Wu Zetian to recall King Luling King Li Xian。After Li Xian ascended，Wei Qi often calls Wu Wu to enter the palace to play with the game double land。Xinjiang Turpan Astana's Tang tomb murals are painted with a waiter with a double land chessboard，Another incomplete caravanca beylum twin land was unearthed in another Tang tomb，It can be seen that the dual land of the Tang Dynasty。

　　Double land and the two Songs and North and South culture steering

Double land in the end of the Tang Dynasty into Khitan，"Liao History", "Renewal of the Fundamentals", "Song Mo Ji Wen", "Khitan State" and so on are all contained in the Emperor Khitan、Concubine、Administration、Foreign envoys and other games in the game dual -land scene。Liao Shengzong and the first year (983)，Empress Cheng Tian Queen Visits Han Dexing，After the reward of Begae, "Life from the Sinicu Division and the Double Land"。Liao people Yi Shuangli，Frequent bets，Frequently "with gold and silver slaves as a sheep as a blog"。Liao Xingzong once paired with the emperor Yelu Chongyuan against the bureau，"Gambling to resident city"，As a result, Xingzong repeatedly lost and lost several cities，Fortunately, there are Lingguan warning "Double Land Agies，Both you lose "，Fang only wake up。1974，Nine stone black double land chess pieces were unearthed in the Liao Tomb, Curon, Inner Mongolia。1974，Liaoning Tomb, Liaoning No. 7 Liaoning Liaoning Liaoning Tomb, Liaoning, a complete lacquer wood double land，One piece with a chessboard、Two dice、Wooden black and white chess pieces each fifteen each，Its shape is like "pounding jacket"，"Khitan Double Land" in "Double" in "Double" is very consistent。Kuron is the Princess Princess of the Sacred Daughter Vietnam，Faku is the Land of Xiao's Family，It can be seen that Shuanglu Guang is loved by the upper society of the Liao Dynasty。

Hong Hao, the father of Hong Zun, once led to Jin Guo，After staying in the north fifteen -load，After he returned to the south, he wrote in "Song Bet365 lotto review Mo Ji"，Abbosy saw the Liao Dao Zong and a Khitan nobley Yi Shuangli，Because the opponent rolls the dice, it must be first，Pull out the knife to kill when annoyed。Yelu Da Shi was captured by the female real，Also with the Jurchen General Adhes to the "Double Land Opera"，During the chess, "fight for each other，sticking to the heart to kill without saying "，Da Shi to abandon his wife overnight and escape。Hong Zun also quoted his father's words，Called "Yanyan Tea Multi -Stand -in Bureau，5 or six，as many as ten，Blog money for money，Ruzhizhou dwelling chess geese also。Han people、Khitan households dual disk，Ma Xing，It also makes the followers stubbornly out of the dice，Entrying (Pipani) "。To the end of the gold end of Zhang Zong，Zuo Xuanhui to the seventy years of Lu Xuan，Zhang Zong ordered a banquet and set up a dual land bureau，Lu Yan won and won a horse。

Shuanglu is popular in the north，But in the Southern Song Dynasty, it was declining，As a result, "Yicai、Chess，Jia Che House "，Double Land "Rare in Zhongzhou", "Non -Map Spy,"。If it wasn't for his father, the north was merged and turned to it for details，Hong Zun is also unpredictable。Where the reason，It is the prosperity of Shuanglu and the decline because it is "Hu opera"。After being introduced into our country from Cao Wei，Popularity in the "Hu" emperor of the Northern Dynasties。until the Sui and Tang dynasties，With Chinese and foreign exchanges expand，The cultural atmosphere of tolerance and accommodation gradually forms，Culture and "Hu custom" of various countries and the deep integration of Han culture after the introduction of the Central Plains，The imported double land has long been with the native Go、Chess, etc.，Become part of Chinese culture。The Liao Dynasty was deemed to be the heirs of the Tang Dynasty，strong inheritance and promotion of Tang culture to show its orthodox。Kim July North China and the Southern Song confrontation，More Huaxia orthodox。Double land from Liao to gold，To the golden time, it has become a symbol of bet365 Play online games Han culture，As a result, the Jin Shizong has warned the royal family "women's straight and old customs，Fanjiu and food gathering，Riding shooting as a fun。Play chess today、Double land，It is better to know forbidden，Let Xi Riding Shooting "。

Compared to Liao Jin，Passive in military in the two Song Dynasty，It is difficult to get advantage in politics，Then he puts his attention to culture，deliberately stay away from Tang culture inherited in the north，Instead of shaping Song culture with southern characteristics。Double landing prevail north，The Song people are regarded as "Hu opera"。The rise of science in the Southern Song Dynasty，Zhu Xi's admiration grid to know，Observation of "Double" and see the drama of the double land as a gambler，Poetry Poem with Police: "Recently from the new spectrum，Make call for Anyang Old Bogans。I am afraid that it will be leisurely，more teach people to sacrifice pig slaves。"So far，Southern Songshi is getting away from Shuangli。The similarities and similarities between the attitude towards the double land and the north and the south，reflecting the turning of the north and south culture of my country's north and south when the Song and Liao Jin were refracted。

　　Double land and the two Song Dynasty, land and sea, to communicate

The cloth format of the north and south Shuangli in the "Bupu Shuang" is generally the same as that of the horse row rules，There is only a slight difference in chessboard。Where，Bei Shuanglu chessboard is relative to the beam with two or two in the place where the chess pieces are located，But there is no engraving line; while the south Shuanglu and Nanfan Shuanglu belongs, both of which have the lines to identify the beams。This difference，According to Hong Zun，Different from their sources。"Spectrum Shuang" in the North Shuanglu Category，The Ping Double Land (Khitan Double Land)、Back to Shuanglu and other names directly point to Khitan and Hui, who is located in the north。When Hong Zun is in the book，Khitan has been broken by women's true，The Southern Song Dynasty does not connect with Hui，And he was able to know these Bet365 app download double land types，Because of its "family monarch north，Yu Yushi calmly，Story of the North Shuangshuang "。Later, Hong Hao "south to Zhenyang" (Guangdong Yingde)，Hong Zun who went to visit in Panyu heard that Nanshuanglu and Nanfan Dongyi Shuanglu。Among them, the first thing to see in my country is Dongyi Shuanglu, Nanfan、Big Food Double Land by Arabs、Japanese double land，and containing popularity in the Three Buddhas、阇、Four Eight -Double Land in Zhenla and other countries、Southern Skin Double Land。

The different sources of dual -land recorded in the "Double Spectrum"，In fact, the spread of the two -land and sea -ups and sea。Two Han Dynasty，Zhang Jian's cuttingish move to open up land Silk Road，Shuanglu can be introduced from the Western Regions to the Central Plains through the Land Road，Later in the Northern Dynasties and Liao Jin，Crossing Japan。According to Kikuka Zhanliang in 1734, "Talking about the World of the Dynasties"，Japan's Shuanglu is the "Emperor Liang Wu Tianying in the middle of Japan"。At this time, it was when the double land prevail Wei and Jin，Also on the peak period of the Chinese -Japanese Buddhist interaction。Cancer of China and Japan during the Tang Dynasty，Shuanglu also swept Japan，Although the Emperor's three years (689) has ordered "Ban Double Six"，But the Shuang land banned but not broken，Continue to be happy in the Japanese dynasty。Main Couples in Nara, Japan，So far, there are still two pair of dual -land brought back to the Tang ambassador in the early 8th century，Its system is the same as that of the "spectrum Shuang",，When it is also the genus of the North Shuangli of the Tang Dynasty。The Silk Road on the end of the Tang Dynasty is cut off，and Liao Jin and the Song Dynasty together，If Hong Hao returned Jinnan，then Beibei Shuanglu has been the "Four Wilderness" in the south。

During the Tang and Song dynasties，The Silk Road on the land gradually obstructs，Quick expansion of the Maritime Silk Road，Quanzhou、Mingzhou、Guangzhou and other West Asia、South Asia、Southeast Asia and bet365 live casino games other associations。All kinds of Shuanglu Jinghai Road communicate with each other in a wider area，Only if you win the double land "Panyu people are mostly，Nanfan can also be this "，and four eight -doubles land in Southeast Asia，"Panyu people also have the ability"。Except for Japan's islands，South Fan Dongyi Shuangtu popular on the Central South Peninsula、Malay Islands、Arabian Peninsula and other areas，And these areas are connected by the sea road，Show the wide range of the Silk Road on the Song Dynasty。

　(This article is the State Social Science Fund's unpopular "learning" and national nation's history "Research on the Organization of the German Tibetan Silk Road Archaeological Archaeological Archaeological Archaeological Archeological Archeological Archeological File Literature" (19VJX065) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of Humanities at Hangzhou Normal University)