The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was proposed,Adhere to the priority development of agriculture and bet365 offer,Adhere to the integrated development of urban and bet365 offer,Smooth flow of urban and rural factors。Under the realistic influence of national strategy,Communication research related to bet365 offer is moving out of the margins,But it is still dominated by the inherent thinking logic and research paradigm。How to re-discover the countryside in a new context,Reconstructing research on rural communication in the new urban-rural relationship,It is an urgent and important issue。Here,“Village” as a method becomes the paradigm choice for communication research。Beyond City/Rural、Categories such as modern/traditional and reconstructing communication research,Is an inevitable choice for communication research。
Research on bet365 offer Communication as a Problem
Since modern times,The contrast in national strength between the West and the West has led intellectual circles to generally regard Western society as the basic model for catching up and surpassing,Regard "modernity" as a set of universal values,Forming the West and China、Modern and traditional、The binary cultural opposition between advanced and backward。After the 1980s,The state vigorously promotes the integrated development of urban and bet365 offer,But the imbalance between urban and bet365 offer has not yet been resolved。The value of "city makes life better",It solidifies the realistic urban-rural dual system from the value perspective,Fully embodies the arrogance of urban centralism,Also reflects the stigmatization of rural life。
The biggest problem facing backward bet365 offer is development。The result of the encounter between development and communication studies is,“Development Communication Studies” has a strong Western-centrism、Research paradigms of urban centrism and media technology centrism,Become the choice for rural communication research,Lerner、Schramm、Rogers’s works are favored,So rural communication is considered to be “a branch of development communication,It is also a research field at the intersection of communication studies and rural sociology”。The specific academic practice performance is: the survey on media use of rural audiences in the 1980s,Research on the modernization of media and farmers in the 1990s and research on media empowerment, information poverty alleviation and information empowerment since the 21st century。These three stages constitute the main clues for rural communication research: it seems that television is popular、Network Access、Rural problems can be solved by bringing culture to the countryside。This clue has three main characteristics: First, look at the countryside from the city,Or view the countryside from a scholar’s study;Second, farmers are intentionally or unintentionally regarded as objects in need of transformation or even charity;The third is to regard the countryside as a homogeneous whole,The disparity between the east and the west and the differences within bet365 offer are obscured and ignored,The complex social relations within the countryside and the rapid changes in urban-rural relations in recent years are hidden and hidden。
Research from the perspective of "urban-bet365 offer continuum"
Research on the spread of thinking based on the dual structure of urban and bet365 offer,Maybe it shows a city-oriented bias,Or it may be based on rural-based romantic imagination。In fact,After the 1990s,The theory of urban-rural relations has developed in the direction of urban-rural interaction,The view of “urban-rural continuum” is widely recognized by academic circles。In the two-level social system of urban and bet365 offer,There are widespread important nodes such as counties and towns,Each node is both a city and a countryside、Not a city or a country,Yucheng、Villages together form a self-consistent social network system。
Previous urban or rural transmission,Communication is often placed in a physical space scene where urban and bet365 offer are divided and opposed,It becomes the communication of “in the city” and “in the countryside”,Reflecting the value prediction of the dual opposition between urban and bet365 offer,Cut off the continuity between urban and bet365 offer,They reveal no more communication relationships than they conceal。Communication research should regard urban and bet365 offer as a communication system,In abortion、Production flow、Commodity flow、Wait for the information flow to "flow" before starting,From flow、Reunderstanding the countryside through connection and interaction,Reshaping the landscape of communication research。So,What we “see” may no longer be the two-level construction goal of “rural community or good rural governance” or “city makes life better”,But in an open network,Due to various "streams" and communication technologies、Urban and rural images that are constantly changing and adjusting due to communication methods and corresponding cultural interactions。
Focusing on “promoting the construction of the subjectivity of bet365 offer and farmers in communication”
Geertz believes,"Everything we see,It is all determined by the two factors of ‘where to look from’ and ‘what to look at’”。Looking at the countryside from the perspective of the city and looking at the countryside from the framework of American modernization,This outside-in epistemology will inevitably lead to the absence of bet365 offer subjectivity。
Rural construction is shifting from an external national perspective to an endogenous farmer-oriented perspective。In this context,Researchers need to integrate into rural life,Change in research consciousness from bystander and overlooker to closer and participant。Communication research should take a human perspective,Focusing on promoting the construction of the subjectivity of farmers,The purpose is to “organize” farmers through communication,My own life history in the countryside、Value system and constantly adjusted social interaction relationship,And farmers’ expressions and actions,Understanding the countryside and farmers,Rebuilding the subjectivity of bet365 offer and farmers。Accordingly,The study of cultural communication in bet365 offer should not be included in the “difference” between urban and bet365 offer,The plural culture should be understood from the perspective of the "distance" between urban and bet365 offer,Otherwise it may become a one-way discussion of cultural identity,Then it became a suspicious retreat。
Only in terms of farmers’ interpersonal interactions,Due to the mobility of labor and other factors and the popularity of social media,Farmers’ relationship network is characterized by the interweaving of traditional and new social networks。The former is attributed first、Closedness、Endogenous homogeneous relationship network mainly,The latter is self-induced、Openness、Mainly a heterogeneous relationship network characterized by exogeneity and delocalization。"The dog barks in the alley,The joy of roosters crowing and mulberry trees peaking is gone,Various anxieties and lamentations,It is the product of our being trapped in the closed social relations among rural people and the mentality of dividing urban and bet365 offer。
Taking bet365 offer consideration both localization and globalization
Liang Shuming thinks,The rural construction movement he advocates is “actually a movement to rebuild a new organizational structure for our national society”,“The rural construction movement has its significance if it does not rebuild China’s new social structure,That’s meaningless”。In other words,Liang Shuming was talking about the countryside,Also talking about China。Using bet365 offer as a method,Understanding the countryside,Understanding China,To understand the world,Perhaps the purpose of using bet365 offer as a method。
Whether it is Western communication theory,Or the communication landscape of rural China,It’s all “local knowledge” based on one’s own situation。Borrowing Western Communication Theory to Study the Communication of Rural Experience,Or just scratching the surface,Or cut the feet to fit the shoes;Overemphasis on the "characteristic" discussion of rural experience,Or the localized expression of Chinese experience circulating in bet365 offer,A description that leads to a rural scene,It is difficult to promote the development of communication theory。The confrontation and contradiction between universalism and particularism,Can only be solved through the dialogue between Chinese and Western communication theories。
(This article is a phased result of the Shaanxi Provincial Social Science Fund Project "Research on Mobilized Governance and Embedded bet365 offer of Village-Resident Cadres from the Perspective of bet365 offer" (2022M059)
(Author’s affiliation: School of Journalism and bet365 offer, Northwest University)
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