In recent years，Blockchain technology with its distribution、Safety、Features such as reliability and data integrity，Get widespread attention。The application of blockchain technology in the field of basic education also has some new progress，It is authentication in credit、Certificate Management、Digital Education Resources、Learners' ability and learning results management、Application of industry -academia cooperation，It has become the research hotspot and practical tools of some countries，But the challenges in practice are still worthy of attention。So，System study "blockchain and basic education" has important value and significance。

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Blockchain is distributed data storage、Point -to -point transmission、Consensus mechanism、New application mode of computer technology such as encryption algorithm。The name of the blockchain comes from its structure。In the blockchain，Electronic records are saved by data blocks，and are connected by a single line in the form of a chain。Every transaction that wants to increase to the blockchain needs to obtain many computer terminals on the Internet，Otherwise, it will not be able to join。

In essence,，Blockchain is an increased decentralized database stored in the Internet space。In this database, there is a series of "data blocks" (ie "block") generated by a series of cryptographic methods in this database。Each "data block" contains a set of information，It can be used to verify Bet365 lotto review the effectiveness of its information and generate the next "data block"。other，The data block also contains the encryption information of the previous "data block" and its own encryption information。Blockchain has credible、Transparent、can be traced back、Not easy to tampered with、Technical advantages such as relative security。Based on these features，The blockchain has obtained a solid "trust" foundation，Created a reliable "cooperation" mechanism，With a broad prospects。

Blockchain technology is considered to be the prototype of the next generation of cloud computing，In the future, it is expected to reshape the form of human social activities like the Internet，Realize the transformation from the current information Internet to the value Internet。

　　Get multiple applications in the field of basic education

The application of blockchain technology in the economy、Finance、Public Management、Medical and Health and other fields have received attention，Education, especially the field of basic education, is becoming more and more popular。The EU Commission Joint Research Center released a report on the report entitled "Blockchain in Education" in 2017，The application of blockchain technology may change the traditional operation mode of educational institutions、Improve work efficiency、Cutting operating costs、Improve the authenticity and safety of related records，It can be applied to digital authentication、Multiple step certification、Automatic recognition and credit conversion、Payment on the school、Provide students with funding and other fields。Some countries have begun to try to introduce blockchain technology in the field of basic education。

In Kazakhstan，Children to go to kindergarten to wait in line，Education institutions are waiting for the waiting queue bet365 live casino games in accordance with the law and relevant national service standards，Priority care of children with disabilities、orphan、Children of a multi -child family and children with special education needs。February 2019，Nur Sudan, the capital of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, introduced blockchain technology in the management of the kindergarten waiting for the management of entering the park，To solve the problem of inaccurate and malicious tampering，Provide children with fair opportunities for children，And the new database driven by the blockchain allows parents to choose kindergartens based on school rating and education projects。

Blockchain can also play a role in college entrance examinations and admissions。February 2019，Tas News reported，Officials of the Russian education department Sergey Kravtsov announced at an international conference，Russia will apply blockchain technology in the national unified examination。The National Unified Examination is Russia's middle school graduation test，It is also a university entrance examination，Equivalent to my country's college entrance examination。

Education institutions will generate a lot of data during operation，If the student's student status and archives change、Course selection and reference、Dating sign -in and results、Experimental internship、Records of participating in sports activities and various places in and out of school。These to students、Faculty, staff and schools are very important，They are an objective basis for the relevant parties to obtain legitimate rights and interests。Once these data are tampered with or even destroyed，Student、The legitimate rights and interests of the faculty and school and the school may be bet365 best casino games damaged。Introduction to blockchain technology will help to save relevant data in a complete and authentic way。Many people in the American education community think，Due to its unique technical advantages，Blockchain can be used to store all relevant data in the basic education stage of basic education，Including the academic performance of students and the professional development of teachers。And the students here not only refer to students who receive school education，You can also cover those "school at home" for students。

In addition，With the development of blockchain and cryptocurrencies，Some out -of -domain basic education institutions began to accept tuition fees or donations paid by cryptocurrencies。For example，Lighthouse Progressive Primary School in the city of Cyprus Slim Solo has been accepted tuition fees paid by Bitcoin in April 2014。June 2017，Montessori School in New York City, USA has also announced the acceptance of tuition fees paid by Bitcoin。American Private Indiana Mountain School has received donations paid by Bitcoin from February 2015。This aspect reflects the response of education institutions to the development of cryptocurrencies and blockchain，On the other hand, students and parents can choose in more diverse payment methods。

In order to conform to the trend of scientific and technological development，Let students understand the blockchain technology，Prepare for the in -depth study and study of subsequent in the higher education stage，Some foreign middle schools have added content related to blockchain and cryptocurrency in the course。France introduced an educational module covering Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies from 2019，also provided the teacher with relevant bet365 best casino games explanation video，On the basis of helping teachers and students to understand "what is Bitcoin" and "how to operate bitcoin"，Guide them to explore "Is Bitcoin a future currency", "Can Bitcoin replace the euro", "Is Bitcoin the same as other currencies" and "Do you trust your currency" and other questions，with a view to allowing students to understand the role of cryptocurrencies and their role in the financial field。The United States New Jersey United Catholic Middle School has added content related to the blockchain in business and personal financial courses。Australia's Brisbane St. Lawrence School created the "Night of Cryptocurrency Information" for students。other，There are also some Canadian and Australian high school students received blockchain technology training and participated in related programming competitions。

　Data security and other important issues to be resolved

With big data、Artificial Intelligence、Development of new technologies such as virtual reality，Wisdom、Online learning in an open education environment、immersive learning and other new learning methods，While bringing people conveniently，Also educational resource quality、Tracking of the learning process、Learning results management and evaluation have brought challenges。In order to effectively solve relevant problems，We need to build a set of safety、distributed、Intelligent education system that integrates transparency。Studies at home and abroad show，Integrate blockchain technology into education，may be able to provide a valid path for solving these problems。

But we also need to pay attention to some important issues，For example, privacy protection and security vulnerabilities。With the wide use of blockchain technology in terms of Bet365 lotto review information records，Relevant agencies will need to seriously treat the risks of students' privacy and data leaks，Especially when parents hope that children's privacy and data will be particularly protected。At present, the smart contract of the blockchain is still in the primary stage，If there is a vulnerability, it will be easily attacked，Bring major risks。Although privacy protection and security vulnerabilities are hot spots for blockchain research and applications，There are already some solutions，If a zero -knowledge certificate is adopted、Homewood encryption、formalized verification, etc.，But related technical means still need to be further improved。

Another important question is that the data attribution rights on the blockchain, that is, who the property rights should belong to。A lot of research on electronic data ownership at home and abroad。Without public interests or national interests，Electronic data ownership is generally the people。Education and scientific research institutions、Government departments and non -governmental organizations can be based on legal、Reasonable、Personal data on blockchain in the field of education，But to obtain the approval and authorization of the relevant individuals in advance，Let them fully know。

In addition，The application of the blockchain also faces technology、Equipment、Run、Challenges in management and funds，It is necessary to strive to seek effective measures with a positive attitude。If the solution technology is solved by public bidding、Equipment Questions，Solve the management of management through revision of the relevant laws and regulations，Solve funding problems through crowdfunding or donation。

bet365 Play online games (Author Unit: School of Education and Science, Yan'an University)