As a more typical interpretation event in the history of Chinese and Western cultural exchanges，Translation activities of missionaries have always been concerned by the academic community。In many translations，Modern British famous Sinologist James Legge's translation of ancient Chinese classics，It is still considered to be the standard translation of ancient Chinese classics and has been pushed heavy。The principle of "not the same loyalty to the original" during the translation process，A large number of participants in the classics of all ages，Strive to maintain the meaning of the original text in the translation。Under the influence of its educational background and work experience，Richard's translation has a correlation with Christian interpretation and ancient Chinese classic notes (Correlation)。Investigating the text network formed by the formation of some keywords，You can cut into Western scholars' understanding and acceptance of Chinese culture，Exploring the channel for realizing the "inter, cultural affinity" channels of Chinese culture and Western culture。In the author's view，Richarus uses Western concept tools，The keyword "misappropriated" in the Confucius' "moral politics" thought into the process in the translation，Similar values ​​inspired by Chinese and Western cultural contact and ideological collision in different cultures are highlighted in different cultures。

Confucius' "moral politics" ideas are concentrated in the "Analects" and the corresponding discussion about "politics and morality" and the corresponding "politics" method。Here，"Morality" means that the governors obtain the inner "virtue" or "virtue" through the cultivation，Leading with examples，And this influence the bet365 best casino games people，Make it obey yourself，so as to enable your own policies and decree。So，Ricoin translates it as "To Govern By Virtue" instead of "Rule of Merorant"。Richarus thinks，This principle requires that the governor's own ruling ability is proportional to its own moral level。From this understanding of understanding，The academic preface of the English translation of the Analects translated in its translation and the annotation of related chapters reads the Confucius' "moral politics" idea。

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People generally think，Discussion on the issue of "for politics" in "The Analects"，It is Confucius in terms of political practice and administrative measures as political methods，Give guidance for "governors" at different levels，The "governor" here includes the monarch himself，It also includes Shi Qing doctors who assist the monarch to handle various affairs。Ri Jiejo is prince respectively、Ruler、The DOER of Government、His Ministers and Officers、The Followers of Government distinguishes the emperor of different levels、Dr. and Shi Qing of the Princes。But when discussing "for politics and morality"，But the "ALL in Authority" alleged "governor"，Think of the point of view of the power and status of its own，There are hierarchical differences between these governors，But they all have the power to implement rule and manage political affairs。Richarus also deliberately uses the "The Powers that Be" (TPTB) indicated by the quotation marks.，This shows that he believes that he can see it as a Xi，Special refers to the "The Authority of the Higher Powers)。

and the word "Authority" (authoritative) originated from Latin's "AUCTORITAS"，The root of this word is the verb "Augre"，meaning "increase" or "enrich it"。In Christian ethics，"authority" can be interpreted as "assisting people in the subordinates and making it rich"; and in a responsible exercise of authority，It is regarded as "the legitimate mission of bet365 live casino games authority"。Richarus classifies the "governor" as "on top and authoritative"，It means that he believes that this part has a personal authority because of some special leadership，Or use the management status given to him by society、Rule of functions (social) authority。It is because it has some superiority compared to ordinary people，For politicians, in order to benefit others or society，and make some requirements to people。within its scope of power，Even if the position of the politician is improperly obtained or it is incompetent (inadequate or unword)，Christian ethics still requires people to obey at the level of their own positions。Richard named "All in Authority" as "the governor" name，In the background of the West，The legitimacy of the hierarchical relationship of political relationships in political relations and power exercise was established，It also provides the legitimacy and legitimacy that Westerners can understand for "moral politics" in reign and name。

　Virtue brings respectful example for example

In the annotation of the "The Analects of Confucius" for the "Politics" chapter，The main purpose of Richarus considers the chapter is to explain "The Influice of Virtue in a Ruler)，and borrow the point of view of Xing Ye of the Northern Song Dynasty scholar to explain "German"，That is "virtue，，What Creatures get at their birth is calld their virtue。Here，"De" and "Get" homophonic fake，means "gain" or "success"，The personality of the king at the level of political legitimacy，Get the support of "destiny" and the ancestors' divine power for the Confucianism。In the literature such as the Book of Songs and the Book of Rites，"Destiny" and the virtue of King Wenwen，All are the inner "virtues" level of rationalization and moralization，Reflection of people’s governing gains and losses。

and Li Jacob chose to translate "virtue" into "virtue"，It is because it originated in the word "virtus" in Latin，One of the meaning of "Virtus" bet365 best casino games is "Puissance"。This is related to the word "Virtu" of King Matto in Italian political thinker and historian Ma Kiya Villy，Refers to a force that makes people respect and awe。In this sense，"Wang De"，That is the spirit or morality of the king's spirit or morality or extraordinary charm，It guarantees the rule of the virtue of the king: "For example, Beichen，Stars of the Star Arches。""，"Germany" is explained as the moral power of the governor in "for politics and morality"，It can have an impact from top to bottom，can turn the people into customs，Make the people every day without knowing，Finally achieved vertical arches and cure、People's Autonomy。

other，When quoting "Mencius Liang Hui", "The world is not good," Zhang's discussion about the relationship between the people and the politicians，Richarus refers to "Shepherd of Men" for "being a politician"。Here he will bring the shepherd and the sheep all、The relationship between the king and the people is more than the relationship between the seedlings and the sun and rain dew，It is believed that the growth of Hermings depends on the rain dew，In the process of nature，Gentleman Huaide should be like "the wind on the grass，must be "; and just like the group's trust and follow -up of the shepherd，The use of political power should also be naturally performed in a way that is not easy to detect。

　　Recognition of reasonable  Suspected possibility

In the translation of "The Analects of Confucius · Wei Linggong" and the argument, how can Shun can achieve inaction and rule，Richam's proposal "Grave and Sage Example" is important for achieving vertical arches and governance，I believe that the moral example for the governor's personal character，can be on the basis of "self -positive"，Effect of "Positive Man"。In translation of "The Analects of Confucius · Zilu", "Politician，Zhengye。Zi Shuai Yi Zheng，Dare not correct? "One chapter，Richarus translates "positive" into "RECTIFY"，Emphasizing Bet365 app download that the governor for politics means that the first body is "positive" and then "right"，Whether the person in the upper position can lead by example，Whether political operations meet certain moral requirements，Directly related to the success or failure of governance activities。

other，When writing academic preface to the English translation of "The Analects" translated for it，Richard's theory of Confucius' political view，and quoted the three cases of Confucius in the Confucius in "The Analects of Confucius · Yan Yuan"，Explain what impact will it have for the politicians "body positive" or "greedy"。He specifically pointed out，The demonstration role of the superiors emphasized by Confucius and its influence issues，In fact, it is also the requirements of family and even churches。To explain it for this，Richard quoted the Bible Scripture that "Bishop，must，and use "bishop" as the meaning of "overse" as an example，Explain the role of the superiors of the superior。Richarus thinks，At the "Supervision" level，"Bishop" means "monitoring" and "seeing the manner"。The Bible clearly requires that the church of the church must be strictly self -discipline，No handle that can be criticized，must be "blameless"。

Ri Jacob thinks，Confucius' discussion on up and down results is by no means a fiction。He contacts the specific situation of the British at that time，Criticive government, especially the army, does not attach importance to the power of example。For example，During the British bourgeois revolution period，Keronwell proposed that all members of the two houses of the parliament should "suppress yourself and your own private interests for public interests"，also prompted the British Parliament to pass the Self-Denying Ordinance，excluded the members of the parliament outside the civilians and military positions。But Cromwell finally obtained the actual command of the "new model army" as a lieutenant bet365 live casino games general，The only person under the army and parliament in the "Self -Suppression Law"。This leads to "Self -Suppression" is highly ridiculed and controversial in the UK。Richarus believes that this incident reflects the importance of the governor's personal virtue。

It is worth noting that，Although Li Jacob affirmed the rationality of Confucius' "politics and virtue"，But he also has a possibility of the possibility of ethical and moral independence in Confucius in the political view，Expressing a considerable degree of doubt。Richarus thinks，Confucius although Germany is based on Germany，But the way of cultivation for the personal morality of politicians，However, only "Qi Ming Sheng Suo in" The Golden Mean "，Non -ritual，So self -cultivation is also "theory，This way of morality training is defective。The reason why Ri Jacob has such an idea，On the one hand, it is because of his view "Qi Ming Sheng service，Non -ritual "is too emphasis on external and surface forms。Even if this does, it can really make people feel awesome，But to the realm of the sincerity，It is by no means to be able to do it; on the other hand, it is also because of this kind of pity and piety during fasting with the solemn and neatness of the dress，and do not distinguish it extent、A method of view，It is a strange thing for Westerners。other，Richarus is particularly puzzled，Why does Confucius not particularly pay attention to the tendency of "evil" in the human nature of human nature, the interference and blocking of the beauty of human beings，It's just optimistic that the morality of "gentleman's moral style" is optimistic。

As a real "others"，Likes translated Chinese classics and connecting similar concepts in the concept of Chinese and Western cultural concepts，To some extent, the distance between Chinese classical philosophy and the western "heterosexual" thought and culture，Make the seemingly opposite poles transformed into a partner that can be Bet365 app download dialogue，In its unique comparison vision，The similar public appeal of "for politics and virtue"，Both the two thought traditions of the East and the West are manifested; and the Confucius "German" thought is too ideal，can also stimulate our thinking，This is mutually understanding between different cultural ideas and traditions，Have a certain reference value。

(Author Unit: International College of Renmin University of China)