Terry Eagleton (Terry Eagleton) is a British contemporary Marxist scholar，The field of research involves literature、Aesthetics、Ethics、Philosophy、Political Science, etc.。Iglton firmly maintain Marxism，Criticizing postmodernism of postmodernism。Marxist theoretical position has always penetrated the work of Iglton，In his theoretical research，Critical postmodernism occupies an important position。Through criticism of postmodernism，Iglton emphasized the scientific and truth of Marxism。

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Iglton defines postmodernism as a special cultural form and ideological movement that became popular after the 1970s。He thinks，From the characteristic point of view，Postmodernism rejected the overallness、rationalism and grand narrative，Suspected truth、General progress and liberation concept，Praise diversification、Disadvantages、heterogeneity。Postmodernism emphasizes the break with modern society，Taking critical modernity as the main task。

Enlightenment created capitalist modern civilization。But，At the same time，Enlightenment rationality has also made modern society increasingly exposed to complex and diverse problems，That is the problem of modernity。Following the two representatives of the Frankfurt School, Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno criticized Western industrial civilization，revealed the dialectics of the Enlightenment，Postmodernist pushes the enlightenment and rationalism to extremes，bet365 best casino games strive to break the various "myths" and "fantasy"，The historical significance of comprehensively negating the enlightenment movement。Jean- to French philosopher Lyotard) and Michel Foucault and other post -modern thinkers，rationalism will eventually develop into a brutal totalitarianism。In their opinion，Fascism is the terrible endpoint of enlightenment rational and grand narrative。Facing the comprehensive negation of postmodernism on the Enlightenment，Iglton proposed，Postmodernism is based on anti -historical position，non -dialectical evaluation of the status and role of the Enlightenment in human history，We came from the dawn of modernity，Therefore, you cannot deny the brilliant achievements created by the Enlightenment，It cannot deny its important significance in the progress of human civilization。As for fascism，Iglton emphasized，It is not an inevitable result of the development of rationalism，and the final result of the anti -enlightenment of irrationalism，So，Can't regard enlightenment rationality as the original crime。

The absolute negation of the postmodernism on the enlightenment after criticizing post -criticism，Iglton especially affirmed the scientific attitude of Marxism towards enlightenment and rationalism。He proposed，Compared to postmodernism, it is either to commercialize history、Either erase the historical approach，Marxism always emphasizes history with a dialectical analysis attitude。Based on this principle，Marxism affirmed the great achievements of the Enlightenment to promote the development of modern society，It also reveals the disadvantages of the existence of modern bet365 Play online games society; it has affirmed the positive impact of capitalism on productivity，It also deeply revealed the essence of the exploitation of capitalism。So，Iglton said，Marxism "is both the descendants of the Enlightenment and its inherent criteria"。In his opinion，Marxism is not absolutely denying the historical significance of the Enlightenment as postmodernism，Instead, it is a social order created by the enlightenment movement，This is the dialectical attitude that most radical thoughts lack of。Iglton also emphasized，Although the postmodernism is trying to end modernity，But we still struggle in the contradictions of modern society today，Because of this，Marxism cannot "die" under the circumstances of modernity，It will continue to play an irreplaceable historical role。

　　Opposition to deconstruct Marxism

After the 1960s，With the decline of the left -wing force in the West，Some people in the Western intellectual industry have doubts about the truth of Marxism and their existence value。In this process，Post -modernist thoughts such as Bet365 lotto review post -structuralism and deconstructionism as a pioneer of criticism and deconstruction of Marxism。

Detailed analysis of structuralism、Internal inheritance relationship between structuralism and deconstructionism，Iglton proposed，French philosopher Louis Pierre Althusser, although trying to "defend Marx"，But actually，When he rewrite Marxism from the inside，It opened a door that was slipped out for the future.，A series of ideological genres that cause structuralism will no longer treat Marxism seriously -not truly reflection, but to decompose Marxism。Liva and other postmodernist people regard Marxism bet365 live casino games as a grand narrative、A metaphysical school，What they want to break is this "grand narrative" and its existing social context，A series of words of deconstructing Marxism to eliminate this "liberation politics" itself。Some scholars deconstruct the core concepts of Marxism's "class", "people", and "nation"，Negative the main position of the working class in the socialist revolution，On behalf of diverse diverse subjects。The wanton deconstruction of postmodernism makes Marxism facing a disadvantaged situation。Facing this situation，Iglton soberly and resolutely pointed out，To eliminate the alienation state of capitalism proposed by Marx，Can't bypass the class，and can only cross it thoroughly。I wish to get rid of class or nation in a wishful thinking，Blind emphasis and artificial manufacturing multiple differences，Except for irreversible governmentism，Faid to the oppressors，I won't harvest anything valuable。

Directly clear from Liva，The representative of Western deconstruction Jacques Derrida's attitude towards Marxism seems to be dull and cunning。While using Marxism，Decorate Marxism while deconstructing。Derida announced，We must not have Marx in our time，At least a certain spirit of Marx，and his deconstruction theory inherits the criticism of Marx，Become a "post -Marxism"。Iglton pointed out in a blood -blooded land，Drida just use Marxism as a "convenient tool for scolding"，A comfortable occupation of Marxism。"What he wants is actually a Marxism without Marxism。"Iglton criticized Derida ambiguous attitude towards major political issues，I never expressed my political views，I believe that Drida Bet365 app download claims that he "does not agree with socialism，but not against it "，Expressing obvious opportunistic positional position。Drida will the ghostization of Marxism，and use abstract and complex concepts such as "delay" and "spread" to explain its theory，Iglton bluntly，The more mystery of Drida said，The more the theory, the less persuasion。From the perspective of Iglton，Desida just use Marxism，He claims to inherit Marx’s critical spirit，Actually it is the practice of deconstruction of the name of critical，Undested Marxism's Material History Opinion，Discovery Marxism。

　　Opposition to abandon socialist practice

Iglton is not only ideologically Marxist，And in practice is also a socialist、Communists。Although the two should be unified，But there are some Western Marxist scholars，It is often difficult to unify the two。Iglton's Marxist theoretical position and practical character seem to be precious。

Iglton thinks，Determine whether a person is a standard for socialists，Not only does he firmly believe in historical materialism or be convinced by Marx's economics theory，It depends on whether he believes that most people should live a happy life，and firmly believe that this can be realized in the foreseeable future。From the perspective of Iglton，Marxism is not an individual's work，but a wider sports，That is the socialist movement。That is to say，A real Marxist，Both theoretically and in practice must be Marxism。Based on this，Iglton not only pointed out that the vulnerability of Western Marxism is that it no longer believes in politics，Disclosure from Volkswagen's Revolutionary Practice，and criticized Bet365 lotto review post -structuralism and deconstruction to avoid politics、Discussing the practice of all "solutions"，Direct point of deconstruction in deconstruction coat and capitalist world order reached a practical "co -conspiracy"。Postmodernism does not believe in the working class，abandoned the concept of class struggle，Far away from the field of political action，Negative all kinds of liberation strategies，I only believe in multipleism，It is believed that there is real personal freedom under diverse differences。From the perspective of Iglton，Marxism not only emphasizes the same，Also emphasizes differences，Think that "everyone's free development is the condition of all people's free development"，Pursuing the development of people's freedom and comprehensive development and the generation of free personality，This is a more advanced difference and freedom。

Although due to personal special cultural background and academic tendency，Iglton's understanding of Marxism cannot be completely accurate。But，The situation that Marxism is misunderstood and deconstructed in the Western world，Iggon can bravely lift the banner of "defending Marxism"，Firmly maintaining socialism and communism beliefs，shows the academic responsibility and reality responsibility worthy of appreciation。Igerton pointed out，Marxism is by no means some kind of conjecture，Socialism is a million people、Several centuries、Political Movement in many countries，It profoundly changed the appearance of the earth。So，Marxism must be a kind of wisdom that plays an important role in future great changes、Tight -view and imaginative bet365 best casino games ideas。This assertion also shows the wisdom and vision of Igerton's own。

(This article is the phased achievement of the National High -end Think Tank Basic Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

(Author Unit: The Institute of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)