Chinese education is an important channel for Chinese language and culture to spread overseas，It is also an important platform for promoting the hearts of the people of the Chinese people and the people of other peoples。Many overseas Chinese lived in South Africa，Chinese education has a long history，After nearly a century of development，I have achieved significant results。Under the background of economic globalization，The continuous deepening of the construction of "Belt and Road" and China Africa cooperation brings new opportunities for development of Chinese education in South Africa，At the same time, Chinese education in South Africa faces new challenges。Localization development can help South Africa Chinese education transformation and upgrading，Realize sustainable development。

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Chinese schools in South Africa are generally small in scale，The number of students is roughly 100-500 people，Administrative personnel ranging from 2-5 people，The main body of the school is mainly local overseas Chinese community，The funding for running schools is mainly based on local overseas Chinese -led donations and tuition fees for students，Most of them are self -raising、Autonomous operation。These schools mainly adopt the principal responsibility system under the leadership of the school board，That is, the board of directors of the school is responsible for raising school funds and appointing the principal，The principal is responsible for the school's operation and administrative management，At the same time as a bet365 best casino games manager, participate in the recruitment of teachers、Admissions Propaganda and other work。In terms of schooling，Most Chinese schools use the form of weekend training，There are fewer full -time schools，The source of the students is mainly the children of the local overseas Chinese，There are fewer non -Chinese students。

There are two main sources of teachers at Chinese schools in South Africa: one is local overseas Chinese，But the number is not much，and mainly concentrated in two Chinese schools，That is, the Chinese School of the Overseas Chinese Public School and Huaxin Chinese School，Among them, Feijing Overseas Chinese Public School is a full -time Chinese school; the other is teachers and volunteers from outside the Chinese and Foreign Language Exchange and Cooperation Center of the Ministry of Education of China，They are the dominant power of Chinese teaching in South Africa。In terms of teaching materials，Most Chinese schools generally use "Chinese" published by China Jinan University Press and "Chinese" published by People's Education Press。other，There are also some Chinese schools selected other textbooks published in China according to the personal needs of learners，Including "Easy Chinese", "Learn Chinese", "HSK Standard Tutorial", etc.。

In terms of course settings，Most Chinese schools focus on cultivating students' reading comprehension、Pinyin recognition、Pinyin recognition、Oral expression and other abilities，Teaching method is closer to domestic primary and secondary school Chinese curriculum teaching methods，Kindergarten and academic education are relatively small。Some Chinese schools also offer primary and secondary school mathematics courses and calligraphy、Chinese painting、martial arts、Chinese instrument、Dance bet365 best casino games and other interest classes。other，Chinese schools in South Africa also actively organize students to participate in various organizations and institutions in China、Cultural activities facing Chinese teenagers，to enhance the attraction to students，makes students love Chinese culture more。In recent years，With the continuous increase in the needs of Chinese education，Some Chinese schools have also opened the "one -on -one" post -class tuition class、College Entrance Examination Counseling Class, etc.。Family counseling school mode gradually emerge，Become a emerging school trend。

　　Opportunities for localization development

In recent years，China and South Africa are humanities、Education、Cooperation in the academic field shows a good development trend。2011，South Africa China Culture and International Education Exchange Center was established at Belleria, the capital of South Africa，The center played an important role in promoting the cultural and educational exchanges between the Central and South countries。

According to statistics，2013 to 2018，South Africa has established 5 Chinese schools，That is, Cape Town China International School、Duban Shide College、Chinese School of the African Chinese Education Foundation、Chinese School of Chinese Culture and International Education Exchange Center in South Africa and the New Castle Sunshine Chinese School。The South African government will determine 2015 after the "Chinese Year"，strengthened the support and promotion of Chinese teaching。March of the same year，The Ministry of Basic Education of South Africa officially promulgated the "Outline of Chinese as a South African School Elective Language Teaching"，Plan for the promotion of Chinese Bet365 app download as an unofficial language。To implement this plan，Starting in 2016，Chinese as an elective course to enter South Africa primary and secondary school curriculum system，and take the primary and secondary schools in Hao Deng as a pilot，The Chinese Department of Education of China provides them with Chinese teaching teachers、Textbooks, etc.。As of 2018，Chinese teaching points in South Africa primary and secondary schools have grown to more than 50，The number of students participating in Chinese learning has reached nearly 6,000。

2018，Approved by the Ministry of Education, South Africa，Chinese becomes the test subject of the South Africa National Association，This is a milestone in the development of Chinese teaching in South Africa，It marks that Chinese officially enters South Africa primary and secondary school national education system (from grade 4 to 12)，And the breadth of the content and the width of the incorporated section of the school is leading in Africa，The release of this move and the syllabus of teaching is the formation of teaching outline for Chinese education in South Africa、Examination standards, etc. provide a basis and decision reference，Promoting the standardization of Chinese education in South Africa、Standardized construction，The foundation lays the foundation for the localization of Chinese education in South Africa。

　Facing multiple challenges

Although Chinese education in South Africa has made great development，The scale of school running is continuously expanded，The quality of school running has improved，More diversified school level，But still facing some problems and challenges。

First, insufficient education funds。At present, most of the school running funds for Chinese schools from South Africa come from local overseas Chinese Bet365 lotto review community、Student tuition and personal donation，Can only barely support the daily operation and management expenses of Chinese schools，Including leasing school buildings、Payment of hydropower charges、Payment of salary of teaching and management staff，Can be used for school building reconstruction、Update teaching equipment and facilities、The improvement of the teaching environment and other aspects is very limited，Affects the overall development of local Chinese education，Not conducive to the realization of localization。

Second, the standard of Chinese education needs to be improved。Although South Africa has published a unified teaching outline for Chinese as a second additional language，Make Chinese education chapters can follow、There is a way to follow，But Chinese education in talent training、Teacher Training、Evaluation and assessment、Uniform standards have not yet been formed in terms of school access，The Chinese education market is more chaotic，Teaching effects are uneven。

Third is the lack of unity、Market development specifications for Chinese education。In recent years, Chinese education in South Africa has developed rapidly，But some Chinese schools lack the overall school consciousness，Not much communication and cooperation between each other，Some schools even have friction due to the problem of student source。Private family counseling schools gradually rise because the tuition fee is lower than the market price，And more and more popular，It brings adverse effects to Chinese schools。It can be said，Due to the lack of unified market specifications，Some Chinese schools are in an disorderly competitive state in running school，Wandering out of the local mainstream education system。

Fourth, the local Chinese Bet365 app download teacher training system has not been established and improved。For a long time in the past for a long time，Teachers from South Africa Chinese Schools are mainly derived from local overseas Chinese and teachers from Chinese foreign -style，But some teachers have a short term，Large liquidity，It is easy to cause the fault of the teacher team of the Chinese school or the dilemma of "the succession of no one"。And some local overseas Chinese have joined the teachers of Chinese schools with their language advantages，But it may not be professional，It is difficult to get teaching skills training opportunities。Therefore，To improve the level of Chinese education in South Africa，You need to train a professional、Stable、High -quality teacher team。

Five is that local Chinese teaching resources are relatively scarce。At present，Not yet developed local textbooks。Another，Extra -class reading materials related to Chinese education、Picture Book、Audio resource、Teaching and auxiliary materials such as teaching utensils are not sufficient，The construction of the local teaching resource system is relatively lagging，Extra -class learning venue is like a library、Stadium and other supporting facilities are not complete enough，To a certain extent, the attractiveness and competitiveness of Chinese education，It affects the localization development of Chinese education。

Look at it，The new situation of the continuous advancement of the construction of the "Belt and Road" and the continuous advancement of China -Africa cooperation is education for China and South Africa、Humanistic exchanges open up broad space。The actual situation based on South Africa，Strengthen your own construction，Focus on connotative development，Actively integrate into the local mainstream education system，will help Chinese bet365 Play online games education to achieve health、Sustainable localization development。

(This article is the "Research on the Localization Path of Chinese Education in South Africa" ​​(19BZQK201) in phased achievements)

(Author Unit: School of International Culture and Education, Zhejiang Normal University)