Since the 1960s，With the rapid development of industrialization and modernization，Japanese rural young people have flooded towards cities，Evergright aging in the rural population，Labor shortage，Production is in trouble，Development stagnation，The rural showing the trend of decline and decline，The gap between urban and rural development gap quickly。Facing the dilemma of rural development，The Japanese government takes multiple measures to build a new countryside，Gradually expand from implementation economic development policy to strengthening social construction，Promote the coordinated development of economic and social，The foundation has laid the foundation for the sustainable development of the countryside。

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With the continuous migration of the rural population to the city，Most of the remaining people staying，Overall，Not only weak physical strength and skills，Insufficient ability to learn new knowledge and new technologies。For this，The Japanese government establishes government -led、Farmers' vocational training system for social participation，Increase the training of young agricultural talents，Through the system education of adolescents and training for farmers，Build a rural talent team that operates modern agriculture。

One，Build a professional education system。The Ministry of Culture of the Ministry of Culture and Department of Science and Technology is responsible for regular agricultural education，Establish a agricultural education system from elementary school to university，It aims to cultivate agricultural teachers、Agricultural technician、A series of complete agricultural bet365 live casino games talent teams such as agricultural scientific researchers。Fair agricultural -related courses in primary and secondary school education，Popularize the basic knowledge of agricultural，Stimulate students' interest in agriculture，Play the foundation for the cultivation of specialized talents for agriculture。Students who continue to be further studied in the agricultural field in ordinary high schools，Agricultural majors mainly cultivate future agricultural operators and agricultural technicians。Agricultural majors in agricultural universities and ordinary universities、Short -term university -related disciplines mainly train agricultural technicians and scientific research talents。The agricultural education system that runs through the whole education stage ensures the systemic and coherent characteristics of talent training，Consolidating the status of Japanese agricultural education。

Its two，Carry out vocational skills training。Japan, Forestry Forestry, Aquatic Products, and Ministry of Farmers' Vocational Training，University and Agricultural Cooperation Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "Agricultural Association") is responsible for implementation，Around agricultural technology、Agricultural business setting training course，Classroom teaching theory and on -site guidance practice equal to，Enhance farmers' skills。Agricultural College of Agricultural University and other universities，Use teaching resources，Teach knowledge and technology to agricultural producers and operators。The Agricultural Association mainly adopts a lecture、Exchange and short -term training to carry out agricultural knowledge technology promotion，Pay more attention to practicality and pertinence。Continuous vocational training has greatly improved bet365 live casino games farmers' agricultural technology and business capabilities，improved the professionalization level of farmers，Change the appearance of the backwardness of rural labor。

Three，Establish a youth training system。Japan has successively sent young agricultural producers to study advanced technology in Europe and the United States since the 1950s。Learn to return to China to teach farmers，greatly promoted the development of agricultural research and technology。The 1960s，The domestic training system has been established，Select some young people to internships in industrial fields such as agricultural production，or learn under the guidance of professionals。A series of measures issued by the Japanese government，Not only cultivating the backbone force of the professional peasant team，and inspire young people to engage in agricultural activities。

　　Improve rural social security

Gradually improved the rural social security system in new rural construction，It mainly includes social insurance、Public assistance、Social Welfare and other aspects。The main body of social insurance is the peasant annuity system，After the insured is 65 years old，You can receive a certain amount of pension。Public assistance provides the lowest living guarantee for those who do not deduct the lowest expenditure of rural labor income。Social Welfare is mainly the elderly health care and children's allowance，The former allows the personal burden of medical expenses of rural elderly over 70 years of age 10%，The latter provides living subsidies for rural family income in Japan and providing children or single -parent families with children or single -parent families。The development of the social security system，Enhanced the ability of farmers to deal with risks。

By improving the rural endowment insurance system，Bet365 lotto review Improve the level of rural endowment insurance，Build a safety barrier for farmers' pensions。Japan makes mandatory regulations on the participation of farmers and agricultural production in the law，and gradually improve the level of rural endowment protection with economic development and social needs，Promote rural endowment insurance from ensuring the basic life of farmers to ensuring the quality of farmers' lives。Japan still adopts a diversified pension insurance mode，Composed of compulsory national annuity and voluntary fund system，Basically met the demand for rural endowment insurance。The Japanese government entrusts the Agricultural Association to be responsible for the management of rural social endowment insurance，The Agricultural Association provides consulting and guidance services for the insured，High -quality insurance management enhances the implementation effect of the insurance system。Rural endowment protection creates conditions for farmers' elderly lives，Improving the quality of rural life。

　　Develop agricultural collaboration organization

In the construction of new villages，Japanese farmers spontaneously establish agricultural collaborative organizations，The purpose is to use the farmers together、Co -construction、Co -tube and sharing，Promote the development of agricultural production and operation，Improve the benefits of grassroots farmers，Enhance the vitality of rural communities。The Agricultural Association has received the welcome of farmers and the government's support，Developed into organizations across the country in a short time。

The rapid development of the agricultural association mode meets the needs of practice，Formation of the Basic Agricultural Association、County -level Agricultural Association、The complete system of the third -level structure bet365 live casino games of the Central Agricultural Association，Service covers the vast majority of farmers。The Japanese government uses preferential policies in terms of taxation and subsidies，Encourage farmers to participate in the Agricultural Association。The actual functions of the Agricultural Association include providing guidance services for members to provide living services and agricultural production and operation activities for members，If you provide a loan for farmers、Welfare、Products sales, etc.。The Agricultural Association also organizes a combination of farmers，Build a collection of agriculture、Rural、Comprehensive community organizations integrating farmers。Precision service of the Agricultural Association，Farmer's production activities with the sales market of agricultural products，strengthened the connection and interaction of production and market。The Agricultural Association not only effectively prevents improper competition，Protecting the interests of farmers，Create contact between farmers，Enhanced the overallness of the rural social operation，Improving the self -development ability of rural and farmers，It has a profound impact on the sustainable development of the countryside。

　Comprehensive advice to promote rural revitalization

Social construction is an indispensable content in the process of rural rejuvenation。Promoting social construction is conducive to the sustainable development of the countryside，To solve the development consciousness existing in the countryside、Thoughts、Organization methods and other questions，Stimulate the development vitality of the farmers group，and attract more talents to develop in rural areas，Promote rural areas to quickly catch up with the pace of modernization。

First, pay attention to social construction，Build the foundation of rural development。Rural revitalization needs the coordinated development bet365 best casino games of the economy and society，Economic Development Creation Conditions for Social Construction，Social construction is a strong base for economic development。By shaping the rural modern social form，It can speed up the modernization process of the village as a whole。Second, strengthen publicity guidance，Accelerate the change of farmers' consciousness。The proportion of the proportion of the elderly in the rural areas is relatively closed and backward and the elderly in the rural population，Accept new concept、Difficulties and slow things such as new things，Make targeted publicity and guidance，Promote the transformation of farmers' consciousness，Create pioneering innovation、Vibrant development atmosphere，Stimulate inner power。Third is to carry out education and training，Improve the comprehensive quality of farmers。Village Revitalization，Talent is the key。It is imperative to improve the comprehensive quality of farmers。On the one hand，Strengthen comprehensive quality education，Combining practical guidance with classroom teaching，Popularization of scientific and cultural knowledge，Continue to improve the basic quality of farmers; on the other hand，Improve rural cultural facilities，Organization and colorful cultural activities，Guide farmers consciously draw nutrients in daily cultural activities。Fourth is to shape the spirit of cooperation，Give play to the positive role of autonomy。Affected by agricultural management methods and inherent habits，Farmers are mainly individual labor，The spirit of cooperation with each other is weak。By further improving the rural autonomy system，Give full play to autonomy，Exercise self -education、Self -Management、Self -development ability，Strengthen mutual assistance collaboration bet365 Play online games between farmers，Continuously strengthen co -construction sharing consciousness，Improve cooperation ability，so as to shape the ability to adapt to the need for modern markets and information society。

(Author Unit: Social Governance Research Center of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences)