Innovation is an important driving force for economic development，Cultivation、Improve the innovative spirit and entrepreneurial ability of college students，It is an important responsibility of colleges and universities。Russia encourages universities to carry out innovative and entrepreneurial activities，Communication and cooperation with the industry，In promoting economic and technological development，Training innovative and entrepreneurial talents has achieved remarkable results。

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With the development of socio -economic，Russia's emphasis on innovation and entrepreneurship activities continues to increase，It also pays more and more attention to the role of colleges and universities in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship。The Russian Federal Government's "Resolution on the Development of the Innovation Infrastructure of Federal Professional Education Institutions in Federal Federation" in 2010，To make more Russian universities a incubator。The "Russian Innovation and Development Strategy" released in 2011 is pointed out，The proportion of scientific research funds for colleges and universities should be one of the proportion of scientific research funds in the country as one of the development indicators，Cultivation of innovative talents in an important position of national strategy。To help colleges and universities carry out innovation and entrepreneurial activities，Russia introduced a series of support policies。Among them, the "National Outline of Science 2019-2024" released in 2018，It aims to promote the scientific and technological innovation of its domestic first -class universities，Organic integration of technology and industrial production。Later, it will establish a university scientific and technological innovation platform，Forms a college -led technology innovation Bet365 app download ecosystem，Support college students' entrepreneurial activities through the form of reducing interest rates and tax reduction，Establish an important content in the strategy of economic development。other，Russia has also formulated the "National Science and Technology Development Plan", "Priority 2030 Plan", etc.，After years of development，Policy system with policy guarantee and financial support has been formed，Provides basic guarantee for the innovation and entrepreneurial activities of Russian universities。

Russia mainly starts with two aspects: top design and underlying architecture，Promote universities to carry out innovative and entrepreneurial activities。On the one hand，For the top -level design。Based on the overall situation of innovation and entrepreneurship activities in colleges and universities，System combing and reform of the curriculum system and assessment method，Curriculum system with the core goal of cultivating innovation and entrepreneurship，An innovation and entrepreneurial course containing the theory of innovation and entrepreneurship，At the same time, pay attention to guiding teachers and students of universities to participate in related practical activities，Pay attention to the combination of theory and practice。As one of the products of curriculum reform，Some colleges and universities in Russia proposed in 2017 to use starting startups instead of graduation thesis as a way to evaluate graduates，Improving students' enthusiasm for innovation and entrepreneurs。On the other hand，Create a underlying architecture。Russia will provide basic guarantees for students' innovation and entrepreneurship activities，Including providing entrepreneurial guidance、Venture Consultation、Entrepreneurship training, etc.。Relevant consulting agencies not only attach importance to guiding students at the level of entrepreneurial and consciousness，And will also provide professional psychological counseling services for students Bet365 lotto review who encounter setbacks，Help it regain self -confidence on the road of entrepreneurial、Find the way out。Multi -level development strategy has consolidated the results of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities，Improving the conversion rate of students' entrepreneurship，It is an important content in the layout of the innovation and entrepreneurship development of Russian universities。

　Create a high -level talent team

Promote the development of innovation and entrepreneurship activities in colleges and universities，Cultivate more high -quality innovation and entrepreneurial talents，Teacher team that cannot be separated from the high level。In order to strengthen the construction of innovation and entrepreneurial teacher team，Russian universities through policy tilt and financial support，Provide teachers with targeted training，Simultaneous communication、Visit Study Abroad、Settling the special scientific research fund and other means，Improve the enthusiasm of teachers' work，Promote the level of theoretical level and practical ability of teachers' innovation and entrepreneurship。other，It has also increased the introduction of innovation and entrepreneurial talents，Attracting outstanding innovation and entrepreneurial talents to join the innovative and entrepreneurial teacher team of Russian universities。

Students are the main body of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities，Russian universities attach importance to the cultivation of students' innovation and entrepreneurial consciousness，By increasing innovation and entrepreneurial course、Provide an innovation and entrepreneurial platform、Increase innovation and entrepreneurial publicity，Improving students' enthusiasm and abilities of innovation and entrepreneurship。The improvement of students' awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship also produced spillover effects。The "Global Business Environment Report 2020 Global Business Environment Report" released by the World Bank，Russia's business environment ranking rose from 112 in 2013 to 28 -bit in 2020，This can be attributed to the propaganda and Bet365 app download recognition of students of Russian college students to innovation and entrepreneurship，improvement of the innovation and entrepreneurial environment brought by it。Russian universities are committed to increasing the number of students participating in innovation and entrepreneurship.，In the 2020 college graduation assessment, 70 colleges and universities passed the graduation defense in the form of a startup，Some startups created by college students have achieved excellent results。According to a survey by the National Research Higher Economic University of Russia，The founders of many fast -growing Russian technology companies are from Moscow National University、Peerm State University of Science and Technology University and other universities。

　Promote domestic and international exchanges

In Russia，Moscow National University、University of St. Petersburg National University and other universities have become an important promotion force for the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship industrial parks，The innovative and entrepreneurial industrial park it created has begun to take shape，The main place for students to carry out innovation and entrepreneurship activities。Russia also pays more attention to cooperation and exchange between universities，Build an innovation and entrepreneurial network and exchange platform for colleges and universities and teachers and students，Relevant cooperation and exchanges are particularly prominent among universities in Moscow.，It has developed rapidly。Russian universities are also actively seeking with the Scientific Institute、Technology Enterprise、Social Organization Cooperation，I hope to carry out various types of experience exchanges and business cooperation activities，Provide students with more innovative and entrepreneurial opportunities and information support。For example，October 2019，41 Russian universities added "Boiling Point Innovation and Entrepreneurship Collaborative Network Platform"，This Bet365 lotto review platform becomes a larger comprehensive innovation and entrepreneurial platform。Some colleges and universities represented by St. Petersburg Peter University of Technology signed long -term cooperation agreements with some enterprises and institutions。

Cooperation with foreign universities or enterprises、Participating in foreign innovation and entrepreneurial platform activities, etc., have become the main means for Russian universities to carry out international cooperation and exchange activities for innovation and entrepreneurship，Construction multi -area、Multi -subject、Multi -level innovation and entrepreneurial exchange platform，In -depth discussions with relevant institutions at home and abroad to discuss the cutting -edge problems in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship，promoted the development of innovation and entrepreneurship activities in Russian universities，It has become an important engine to promote Russian universities to carry out innovative and entrepreneurial activities。Russian universities attach great importance to it with Chinese universities、Enterprises communicate and cooperate in this field。The Sino -Russian Youth Entrepreneur Incubator Project launched in 2016，It is an innovative young humanistic exchange project under the framework of the China -Russia cultural exchange mechanism，It has landed in 24 cities in China and Russia，In promoting youth innovation and entrepreneurial cooperation between the two countries、Cultivate economic and trade talents、Further enrich the connotation of Chinese and Russian cultural exchanges, etc., played a positive role。On the 2021 Nanjing Innovation Week，9 Russian universities including St. Petersburg National University jointly issued an innovative cooperation initiative with the Nanjing Municipal Government，This is the first time that Russian universities have jointly released an innovative cooperation initiative with Chinese cities。

　Facing multiple challenges

Although Russian universities have achieved rich results in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship，But also facing some challenges，It is mainly reflected Bet365 lotto review in the following aspects: First, the penetration rate of the cooperation and exchange platform is not high、Small scale。Current，Some Russian universities' innovation and entrepreneurship cooperation and exchange platform still face space limitations，Its users are smaller or more single，Most of the internal personnel of high -level colleges or innovative and entrepreneurial activities are more concentrated in regions。From the perspective of quantity，Large -scale comprehensive innovation and entrepreneurial exchange platforms are not many，This is not conducive to improving students' innovation and entrepreneurial consciousness，It also affects the effectiveness of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities。Second, the conversion rate of innovation and entrepreneurship results is low。Investigation results of the Institute of Special Planning of the Russian National Special Planning Displacement show，More than 80%of the investigators hold a positive attitude towards independent entrepreneurs，More than 60%of the investigators are more inclined to suggest that their children start their own businesses instead of working only with stable salary。Although there is such a high degree of acceptance and recognition，But only no more than 3%of the Russian start -ups were born from colleges and universities，Below global average，Therefore, it is necessary。Third, the status of innovation and entrepreneurship courses needs to be improved。Although the Russian government and universities attach great importance to innovation and entrepreneurs，and formulated a series of guarantee measures，But some teachers' acceptance and recognition of innovation and entrepreneurship still need to be improved，other，In some universities，Innovation and Entrepreneurship Course is valued，Actually, mostly as elective courses、Examination of examination class，This also brings adverse effects on the development of students' innovation and entrepreneurship activities。

(Author Unit: Student Work Department of Heilongjiang University)