Master of Business Administration (full name: "Professional Master of Business Administration"，Hereinafter referred to as "bet365 sign up bonus code") Professional degree graduate education，Is an important part of graduate education，Is an important channel for cultivating high-level management talents。The United States was the first to establish a relatively complete bet365 sign up bonus code education system in the world，bet365 sign up bonus code education has trained many business management talents over the years，Also made important contributions to enterprise and economic development。

　Different bet365 sign up bonus code courses have both commonality and individuality

The development history of bet365 sign up bonus code education in the United States can be divided into the beginning、Three stages of rapid development and transformational development。In the initial stage (1881-1945)，bet365 sign up bonus code education is gradually accepted by society，The education system is initially formed，Case teaching is given full attention，Become an important method to cultivate students’ analytical ability and management skills。But，The business management application ability and comprehensive ability of students cultivated at this stage are relatively poor，Low social recognition。In the development stage (1946-1985)，The rapid recovery of the American economy after World War II，The demand for senior management talents in enterprises is increasing rapidly，bet365 sign up bonus code education has developed rapidly as a result，cultivated a large number of outstanding graduates，Meet the needs of market and economic development as well as the needs of enterprise expansion。However, the bet365 sign up bonus code education system at this stage places too much emphasis on skills education and professional training，It is difficult to achieve the important task of cultivating senior management talents in enterprises，It is also difficult to meet the demand for international talents。In the transformation and development stage (1986 to present)，In order to meet the demand of economic globalization for transnational management talents with a global perspective，bet365 sign up bonus code education continues to update teaching methods，Not limited to traditional lectures and case teaching，But through on-site research、Group work、Simulated decision-making、Guest Lecture、Project Research、Consultation report、Role playing、Special Debate、Visit study and other forms to help students acquire relevant knowledge and skills；At the same time, increase the proportion of international students admitted，Strengthen international exchanges，Cultivating students’ international perspective。In a sense，After more than 100 years of development，American bet365 sign up bonus code education has formed a mechanism that can dynamically adjust and optimize itself according to environmental changes，Has distinctive orientation and characteristics。

bet365 sign up bonus code courses in various universities in the United States clearly regard improving students’ leadership as the core of their training goals，At the same time, each university has its own unique curriculum system，Focus on the cultivation of different leadership elements。For example，Stanford University bet365 sign up bonus code program attaches great importance to the cultivation of personal leadership，Emphasis on becoming a “stronger leader and responsible person” through self-change；Columbia University bet365 sign up bonus code program emphasizes the cultivation of strategic leadership，Hope students can have the ability to stay one step ahead in the ever-changing business world；The University of Pennsylvania bet365 sign up bonus code program emphasizes the cultivation of technical leadership，Encourage students to focus on rigorous analysis、Actionable knowledge，Become a responsible leader，Inspire entrepreneurial enthusiasm。

In terms of curriculum system construction，The core system of bet365 sign up bonus code courses in well-known American universities is generally divided into 5 modules，Functional bet365 sign up bonus code Course、Analytical bet365 sign up bonus code Course、Soft Skills bet365 sign up bonus code Course、Social Responsibility bet365 sign up bonus code Course and Global bet365 sign up bonus code Course。In terms of course settings，5 modules around the core curriculum system，Develop corresponding courses。The functional bet365 sign up bonus code program mainly includes marketing、Financial Management、Financial Accounting、Operations and Supply Chain Management、Company Strategy、Management Accounting、Management information systems and operations research, etc.。Analytical bet365 sign up bonus code including Managerial Economics、Econometrics and decision analysis, etc.。Soft Skills bet365 sign up bonus code Program including Managerial Communication、Organizational Behavior、Principles of Management、Leadership、Human Resources Management、Organizational Structure and Design、Negotiation、Career planning and entrepreneurship, etc.。Social Responsibility bet365 sign up bonus code Course includes Corporate Ethics/Social Responsibility、Business and Government and Commercial Law, etc.。Global bet365 sign up bonus code course includes macroeconomics、Global strategic management and international business, etc.。Different universities have different choices in core course modules。For example，The Harvard bet365 sign up bonus code curriculum focuses on “building business understanding，Develop work skills，Establish a practical concept”。The purpose of Stanford University’s bet365 sign up bonus code curriculum is to “ensure students acquire the knowledge of management operations，Understand the economics of business operation、Political and social environment，Master the necessary behavioral skills for managers”。The bet365 sign up bonus code curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania focuses on cultivating “the most efficient managers in the global business environment”。

American bet365 sign up bonus code education has become personalized、Differentiated teaching features。With the rapid development of network technology，The modernization level of bet365 sign up bonus code teaching facilities is also increasing，Communication between teachers and students is more convenient。With the development of bet365 sign up bonus code education，bet365 sign up bonus code courses in American universities have gradually formed their own teaching characteristics。The most prominent feature of the Harvard bet365 sign up bonus code course in teaching methods is case teaching，Students can simulate decision makers to make decisions through case discussions，Improved students’ critical thinking awareness and problem judgment ability。The teaching feature of the University of Pennsylvania bet365 sign up bonus code program is experiential teaching，Students can participate in shadow projects、E-commerce Club、Conference items、Organizations such as learning teams，Improve leadership and teamwork awareness。

　Flexible enrollment conditions and diverse student sources

bet365 sign up bonus code education in the United States is divided into two types: full-time and part-time，Full-time dominant，2 years of schooling。At the national level，There are no unified requirements for applying for bet365 sign up bonus code courses，It is determined independently by the admissions unit。After years of practice，The application requirements for bet365 sign up bonus code programs at well-known American universities are generally: (1) Have a 4-year undergraduate degree or equivalent academic qualifications，No requirement for graduation years，But work experience is an important basis for admission。(2) GMAT or GRE test scores are required (international students need TOEFL、IELTS、PTE or Duolingo test scores)，Generally there is no minimum score requirement for test scores，But the higher the test score, the greater the advantage。For example，There is no minimum test score requirement for Harvard Business School，The GMAT scores of its 2022 bet365 sign up bonus code students are between 540 and 790，Median is 730 points。At the same time，The bet365 sign up bonus code Admissions Committee discourages TOEFL scores below 109、IELTS score below 7.5 points、Candidates whose PTE score is less than 75 points or Duolingo test score is less than 130 points apply。(3) Written materials are also an important basis for admission，Generally includes undergraduate transcripts、Open-ended proposition composition、Recommendation letters, etc.。There is no uniform standard for grading written materials，Usually the assessment focuses on candidates’ leadership skills、Logical ability and social responsibility awareness, etc.。

The source of students for American bet365 sign up bonus code education is international and diversified。In some well-known universities，The bet365 sign up bonus code program has a relatively high proportion of international students。The proportion of international students in Harvard University’s bet365 sign up bonus code program in 2022 will be 38%，Columbia University is 46%，Yale University is 48%。International students come from multiple countries and regions，Also taking 2022 as an example，Columbia University bet365 sign up bonus code students come from 90 countries，14% of Harvard bet365 sign up bonus code students are from Asia、9% from Europe。At the same time，Students have diverse backgrounds。On the gender structure of students，The proportion of female students admitted to Harvard University and University of Pennsylvania bet365 sign up bonus code programs in 2022 will both be 46%，Yale University is 43%。Judging from the industry distribution of students before admission，Wide industry distribution，And different universities have different emphasis。2022，Harvard bet365 sign up bonus code students’ jobs before admission were distributed in 11 industries，Industry distribution is relatively balanced，The consulting industry (16%) and the venture capital industry (16%) account for relatively high proportions。Pre-entry jobs at the University of Pennsylvania are distributed in 9 industries，Mainly concentrated in financial services (32%) and consulting services (25%)，Industry distribution is relatively concentrated。

In addition to the above features，American bet365 sign up bonus code education also has a relatively complete evaluation system。Evaluation and feedback are key factors in promoting the reform and development of bet365 sign up bonus code education。Currently, there are two models for bet365 sign up bonus code education evaluation in the United States: one is the American Association of International Business Schools certification，Focus on the quality of bet365 sign up bonus code education，Mainly examine the mission and goals of bet365 sign up bonus code education、Course content and evaluation、Teacher research results、Student、Educational Resources and Responsibilities、Intellectual support, etc.，The average certification time is 5-7 years。The second is the certification provided by evaluation agencies represented by famous newspapers and magazines such as "U.S. News and World Report" and "Business Week"，Focus on the level of school running、Evaluation of graduates’ quality。Both evaluation models are relatively professional after years of development，Able to evaluate more comprehensively、Feedback on the effectiveness of bet365 sign up bonus code courses。

bet365 sign up bonus code education is promoting the American economy、Played an important role in enterprise development，Training an average of more than 150,000 students every year，Including a large number of international students。Compared to before taking the bet365 sign up bonus code program，Students generally have wider employment fields after completing their studies、More opportunities、Higher salary。But there are also some issues worthy of attention in American bet365 sign up bonus code education。For example，bet365 sign up bonus code education lacks top-level design，Mainly focus on micro market demand，Less consideration of the national macro-strategic demand for talents。The quality of bet365 sign up bonus code education varies，The relevant market is relatively chaotic。Although the curriculum system is somewhat systematic，But the "curriculum island" phenomenon has not been broken yet。bet365 sign up bonus code education as a major personal investment，Expenses increase year by year，Possibility of becoming a rich man’s club，etc.。

(This article is a phased result of the degree and postgraduate bet365 sign up bonus code project of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics "Research on the Optimization Design and Reform Practice of the Business Administration Professional Degree Postgraduate Training Program" (Y22002)

(Author’s affiliation: School of Marketing and Logistics Management, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics、bet365 sign up bonus code Education Center)