In the "four beams and eight pillars" of the knowledge system，Philosophy is basic、Supporting status。Constructing an independent knowledge system，The key beam pillar of the autonomous philosophical knowledge system must be constructed。In recent years，The academic trend of avoiding diversity in Western philosophy，Especially avoiding the philosophical viewpoint and demonstration diversity from non -European and American countries。"Non -Western philosophy system does not exist" and "Chinese non -philosophical theory" and other error cognitions are widely spread among Western philosophers，Many so -called mainstream western philosophers are indifferent to the philosophical knowledge system outside Europe and the United States、A negligible attitude，and claim that "philosophy belongs to Greece and Western Europe"。For this，Many scholars at home and abroad refute，and rectify the Chinese philosophical knowledge system with sufficient historical evidence and academic arguments。

Recent，Our reporter interviewed Bryan Van Norden，Director of the Department of Philosophy of the University of East Strausburg、Professor Timothy Connolly，and the president of the International Sino -Western Culture Association、Professor of Peking University Gu Zhengkun。Three scholars explore Chinese and Western philosophy knowledge systems in a comparison field，Digging the precious ideological heritage of Chinese traditional philosophical knowledge system。During the interview，They said，China ’s philosophical knowledge system for nearly 3000 years, especially the traditional philosophical knowledge system, has always been its own system、Independent。Some Western philosophers choose to exclude the Chinese philosophy system outside the world classic philosophy，It is the result of deeply affected by the "White Race Superior Theory"，The needs of "historical pirate manufacturing" for human rewriting of philosophy。International academic circles look forward to contemporary western philosophy people regain open vision，Acceptance and treating the philosophical knowledge system from different countries with a tolerance gesture。

　　Chinese and Western philosophical knowledge system in comparative vision

Philosophy can be attributed to studying the natural world、Human society、Human society、Cognitive methods and theoretical systems of thinking methods。According to traditional academic perspectives，Each discipline can be described as "learning"，Philosophy，can be called "learning"; various disciplines focus on various specific theories，and philosophy focuses on theoretical theory。Philosophy is the general principles and abstraction of all disciplines，It is trying to find the principle of universal utility that can penetrate all "learning"、Law、Rules。

Gu Zhengkun told reporters，Whether it is a Western philosophical knowledge system or a Chinese philosophical bet365 best casino games knowledge system，All involve the Theory of Heaven and Man Relationship、Master and guest relationship theory、The basic nature of humans such as the theory of mind and property、Universal Question。In this aspect，Western traditional philosophy is divided by heaven and man、Two points for the main and guests、Find opposition is characterized，and Chinese traditional philosophy believes that heaven and man are homogeneous、Master and Guests One、Compatible minds。Western classical philosophers In order to try to find the minimum unit of material such as molecular、Atom、Electronic、proton, etc.，To constantly cut the material status，Find the smallest formation particle，To understand the objective material world，Find the origin of the universe。On the contrary，Chinese traditional philosophy believes，Nature and human beings are a unified overall as a whole。The universe is a macro giant system，and people are a micro -small system -there is a holographic corresponding relationship between the micro small system and the macro giant system。In fact，Many natural scientific achievements, such as modern physics, especially quantum theory, is confirming the rationality of the theory of Tongren。other，Always，Western classical philosophy more attention to the objective world and abstract rational world outside the body，that is Plato、Aliberdo's period beyond perceptual、Philosophical paradigm beyond experience，And Chinese traditional philosophy focuses more on exploring the main world and human spiritual world in the body，and the actual problems of the meaning of life。

German mathematician、Philosopher Leibniz once admitted，"In 'practical philosophy', that is, the use of ethical and political guidelines to real life、In terms of demand and political guidelines，The Chinese do surpass Westerners -although it is almost humiliated and embarrassed "。Talking about this remarks of Leibniz，Connuli said，Compared with modern Western philosophy，Ancient Chinese philosophy and ancient Greek philosophy have something in common -both are good at raising some important values，How can it be devotion、Courage、Justice，and all emphasize the importance of virtue and its cultivation。But，In the process of value target realization and virtue training，Chinese philosophy has adopted a more practical method，Pay more attention to how to change the individual and society here at this time，Because of this，"Practical Philosophy" is more complete and mature in the Chinese philosophical knowledge system。and rooted in Plato、Western philosophy during the Aristotle period is more concerned about "Specific theoretical philosophy" such as cognitive theory issues，For example, how to describe the essence of reality as a whole，What does it mean，or how to define the external world。

Emphasized Wannan，Western philosophy also involves practical philosophical life，Just the emphasis on "rational knowledge" exceeds "practical knowledge"。In terms of "practical Bet365 lotto review knowledge"，Chinese traditional philosophy, especially Confucian philosophy, the emphasis on ethical training practice is a valuable philosophical heritage，Its connotation is far more rich than Western philosophy，The problem of ethical training practice is the theme ignored by modern Western philosophy。

　　Chinese traditional philosophy provides rational buds for the Enlightenment

Actually，Chinese traditional philosophical thought represented by holy philosophy has been formed in ancient times、System and Deep Knowledge System，In the early days of Europe, it was highly valued and praised。1687，Belgian missionary Bai Yingli and others completed the translation of the Latin version of "The Analects"，and name it "Chinese philosopher Confucius"，This is the first Chinese philosophy of Chinese philosophy translated into European language，This translation provides a "rational" ideological bud for the European Enlightenment，Many Europeans are fascinated by the traditional Chinese philosophy described in the early missionaries。

Bainan mentioned，1721 German Enlightenment philosopher Wolf put forward in a public speech，The philosophical thinking of Confucius in China shows that the philosophical knowledge system, especially the ethical and moral system, can be separated from God's revelation、The basis of dependence on God's belief or the basis of natural religion，This view has caused uproar in conservative Christians。The praise and admiration of the traditional ethics of Chinese ethics eventually caused Wolf to be removed from the position and exiled Prussia。But，Wolf's speech has caused a violent impact on the devotional theology that had a dominance in Germany at the time，and greatly promoted the development of the German Enlightenment。

1730，Wolf gave a second public speech，Praise the idea of ​​Chinese monarchs adopting the thoughts of philosophers such as Confucius and Mencius and applying their knowledge system to the important affairs of the country。Wolf also expressed the longing for ancient Chinese moralism，It is known for China to be a happy soil，Chinese kings are real philosophers，He wants to be in Europe，It can also realize the idealization realm of political affairs and philosophical systems.。 

Several "knowledge discovery" in the West has already existed in the traditional Chinese knowledge system

Gu Zhengkun's talk about，Western philosophical knowledge system has its excellent length，Some influential philosophers in the West, such as Kant and Wittgenstein, are very valued philosophers，Its philosophical thought is extremely rational and meticulous，The statement of the philosophical system is also compared with systematic、Clear、Strong logic。But，A fact that I have to admit is，Several "knowledge discovery" that is considered the most shocking "knowledge of knowledge"，It has already existed in the longer Chinese traditional philosophical knowledge system。Chinese traditional philosophy, although more concerned about life philosophy issues, especially ethical issues，But to the world outside，The understanding and grasp of the objective Bet365 lotto review world also reached an amazing height that is better than the West。

"Compared with ancient Chinese philosophers，Kant and Wittgenstein's ‘enlightenment’ in truth is actually only on the edge of the interpretation。The so -called postmodernism in the West，In fact, it is the reinstatement of Laozhuang's ideological understanding method，The so -called post -modernist philosophical kernel Zhuangzi has already explained very deep。As Liang Qichao once said，Just understand Zhuangzi's "Qifu theory" thoroughly，Many western philosophical books do not need to read again。other，Hegel's "Spiritual Phenomenology" and "Logic" and other works described in books narrated in Chinese Buddhism、Taoism and Book of Changes are already common sense existence。Especially Master Master of the Tang Dynasty Xuanzang's "The Theory of Consumption" is very detailed about the philosophical issues that Hegel pays attention to，and far surpassed Hegel's philosophical vision in depth and breadth。The same problem also happened in Hume、Descartes、Kant, a type of Western philosopher。In fact，In the depth of the basic principles of operating the basic principles of the objective world such as the universe world，Chinese traditional philosophical knowledge system is far better than Western traditional philosophy knowledge system。"Gu Zhengkun further explained the way。

Chinese traditional philosophy has also inspired many western natural scientific achievements and technology inventions。Bai'an introduced to reporters with the history of "binary calculation"，Today，People generally believe that "binary" was invented by Leibniz，This mathematics invention laid the foundation for the emergence of computer science in the world later。But，The unknown is，The "binary" invented by Libniz has a lot of contact with the ancient Chinese philosophical classic "Book of Changes"。

early 18th century，Labnitz saw the "Fuxi Sixty -Four Hexagram Substitute Map" and "Fuxi Sixty -Four Gua Diaphies" published in Europe，He was shocked by the mysteries and essence of the hexagrams in these two Tai Chi maps，Inspired by its inspiration to interpret binary arithmetic。Labnitz thinks，Just as the two basic symbols in the Book of Changes are one straight and two short -term，Only using 0 and 1 can indicate all the numbers and logic status，To establish a simple and powerful mathematical system, namely the famous binary system。This system avoids the complex entry operations in the traditional decimal system，At that time, Europe caused a huge sensation。Because in mathematics、Philosophy and other fields have achieved excellent achievements，Labnitz broadcasts in Europe for a long distance，Scholars hailed as "Encyclopedia" by later generations。"It can be said，Before Libnitz，The ancient Chinese have already mastered the basic principles of binary，and the depth of reaching in the field of traditional philosophical knowledge far exceeds the Westerners of the same era。"Bai Bai'an said。

　Western academic circles exclude "non -European philosophy" outside the classic knowledge system

A sad reality is，Now，Western philosophical knowledge system has been gradually disappearing Bet365 lotto review in history。In an academic article，Wanbai'an pointed out without avoiding it，The so -called western mainstream philosophy popular today becomes narrow，Lack of imagination，with exclusive color。Many European and American universities in the philosophy department ignore China、India、Africa and America's rich philosophical tradition，excludes the Asian philosophy knowledge system such as Chinese philosophy knowledge system and other Asian philosophical knowledge systems outside the world philosophy "classic" knowledge system。

"Africa、History of Asia and Philosophy: Raceism in the Book of Philosophy Classics "mentioned in the book"，"White Race Superior Theory" has been widely popular among European intellectuals over the years，and are rising into an academic theory，Many Europeans began to think that non -white population does not have the ability to build and develop the philosophical knowledge system。Many famous Western philosophers, including Kant, are actually defenders of racism。Kant once regarded race as a scientific category，Link it with abstract thinking ability，and the theoreticalization of the fate of different ethnic groups in a lecture to the students and classify according to the "superiority" of the race。

Kant once evaluated Confucius like this，"Can't find philosophy throughout the East"。Under his fallacy influence，A large number of contemporary Western philosophers naturally default to Chinese philosophy knowledge system、Indian Philosophy Knowledge System、African Philosophy Knowledge System、The American philosophical knowledge system has always been missing。

Speaking of this，Gu Zhengkun explained，Many Western philosophers such as Voltaire、Labnitz and others have a high evaluation of traditional Chinese philosophical thoughts，But there are also a large number of Western philosophers who despise Chinese philosophy。One of the reasons why these Western philosophers cannot understand Chinese traditional philosophy，And this cultural obstacle is also related to the relatively insufficient translation of Chinese philosophy literature，Cause ordinary Westerners is strange to Chinese philosophy。

Bainan mentioned，Although some contemporary Western philosophers acknowledge the existence of philosophical knowledge system in China or India，But they will further try to confirm that the philosophical knowledge system in these regions is not as good as Western philosophical knowledge system。When talking about this academic debate，Most contemporary Western intellectuals are cautiously bypassing this topic。

　Philosophy not only belongs to the Greek and Western European world

Many Western scholars declare，Philosophy This subject system has belonged to the West at the beginning of its hair，The academic concept of the word "philosophy" was the earliest originated from ancient Greece，Therefore, it only involves ancient Greek thinkers such as Plato、Aristotle and others developed Western traditions developed from thought。Known as one of the most influential philosophers in modern times, Hedggel once said，Philosophy is essentially "belongs to Greece and is only suitable bet365 live casino games for Greece and Western Europe"，Then it radiates all over the world with this as the center，This is why we always call it "Western European Philosophy" when we mentioned philosophy today。

Similarly，French philosopher、Decodic representative Jacques Derida mentioned "China has no philosophy，Only thought "。He uses "philosophy" and other speculation systems developed from Greece as preset，Discover the Chinese philosophy system outside the world philosophy system。He once said，Philosophy is essentially non -common thought，Connect with a "limited history"，Connected to a "invention of ancient Greece"，Therefore, its essence is a European form，And this is not available in China，Because this is not its tradition。Of course, there are various ideas and knowledge outside Western European culture，But it is unreasonable to call them "philosophy" or even rise to a subject system。

Talking about the theory of "philosophy belongs to Greece and Western Europe" among the above Western intellectuals，Ten Bai'an pointed out，This doctrine exposes a deep -rooted "cultural prejudice"。The source of a subject terms cannot determine the "ownership" of the subject system -if so，So，Europe has never owned its own alternative mathematics system，Because the term "algebra" was first originated from a mathematical monograph published by Arabic mathematician, Arabic mathematician, Arabic mathematician。This book was translated into Latin in 1183 and was introduced into Europe，Europe has only begun to establish its own substitute mathematics system。

For this，Gu Zhengkun said，Western philosophy originated from ancient Greek philosophy，Although this statement is correct，But the statement of "world philosophy originated in ancient Greek philosophy" is too arbitrary bias。According to the existing literature，Ancient Greece in the 6th century BC did produce many splendid philosophical thoughts and many philosophers。But during the same period or even earlier，Many countries in the world have produced philosophy and are very profound philosophy。Take China as an example，6th century BC and previous，China has many major philosophers。

　　Chinese traditional philosophy knowledge system ushered in the opportunity of revival

In the book "Philosophy's Rotten Rebellion: Declaration of Multi -Cultural Philosophy"，Wannan wrote，Just as I do not carry a passport，Not occupied by a certain country，Philosophy should also be a kind of transcendence、Blurning the border worldist philosophy。Human goals should expand the obstacles of the "wall" to expand the diversity field，instead of creating a thinking barrier and knowledge conflict by building a new "wall"，Only this，Only can inspire the best heritage and tradition of the knowledge system of each country。Future maps of world philosophy will only be richer when there is no "centralism"、Point more point to the truth。

"When an ancient philosopher Doregeni was asked which city he came from，He answered，‘I am the citizen of the world’。Unfortunately，Western contemporary philosophy has lost this field of vision。In order to continue Bet365 lotto review to grow and maintain contact with external culture，Western philosophy must recover its original world ideal。"Bai Bai'an said。

　　Gu Zhengkun added，Looking at the philosophy world in the world，There is a sound consider，Today's Western Philosophy Knowledge System is facing crisis，The reason is that it excessively observes an objective external world。17-20th century，How high is the sky、How thick is the ground、What kind of location person is in the universe、What is the principle of the evolution of the animal and plant world.，Natural sciences of modern and modern categories such as botology、zoology、Physics、Chemistry、Mathematics, etc., has given the answer in an excellent way。The result is，Many basic propositions of Western philosophy themselves are actually dismembered by various natural disciplines。"This makes the exclusive research object of Western philosophy increasingly reduced，So，Many scholars think，Western philosophy is moving towards micro and elimination.。This crisis has also prompted the mentality of some Western philosophers today to change，The focus of Western philosophy gradually began to return to the inner world issues and the topic of life philosophy of Chinese traditional philosophy。In view of this，The importance of traditional Chinese philosophy is self -evident。It can be said，Now the revival of the traditional Chinese philosophy system in China has ushered in a good opportunity for thousands of years。"Gu Zhengkun summarized this way。