There are many human languages，How to grasp it simply through classification，Always an important pursuit of Bet365 lotto review typology。

　In various types of divisions，Division of monosyllabic and polysyllabic languages，The inter-layer unit relationship that takes into account both the phonetic layer and the semantic layer of Bet365 lotto review，A classification standard that is more profound than simply focusing on the relationship between units within the sound layer or meaning layer。Wang Hongjun once said in his monograph "Chinese Nonlinear Phonology"，“Polysyllabic and monosyllabic are Bet365 lotto review types distinctions proposed by linguists very early，But I didn’t mention it much later”。“This type of difference，In fact, it is fundamental。It is not like ‘open syllable/closed syllable’ or ‘active object/subject object active’ and other type distinguishing features that only involve one level of pronunciation or grammar，But it captures the difference in the relationship between phonetic units and grammatical units，Thus this difference determines the pronunciation、Syntax、Word formation、Many different features in many aspects such as sentence making。”

Although this distinction is important，The linguistic community later “not mentioned it much”，Mainly because people cannot find a concise and neat matching relationship between them and syllable, whether in terms of word (word) or its subordinate unit morpheme or morpheme (morpheme)，Exception has no reasonable explanation。Also，About what is a word、morpheme (morpheme)、syllable，It’s not clear yet、Strict definition，Making it more difficult to determine what syllabic properties a Bet365 lotto review has。

Nearly twenty years，We are building on the work of our predecessors，Examining human Bet365 lotto review line by line，Form an understanding that human Bet365 lotto review can be based on the corresponding relationship between the root morpheme or root morpheme as the smallest meaning unit of Bet365 lotto review and the number of syllables (the smallest speech segment naturally perceived by humans)，Concisely divide the world's languages ​​into monosyllabic languages、disyllabic languages、trisyllabic languages ​​and X-syllabic languages。The number of syllables corresponding to a single morpheme in X syllable Bet365 lotto review is generally within the range of monosyllables and disyllabics。

　The one-to-one correspondence between morphemes and syllables is a characteristic of monosyllabic Bet365 lotto review

This mainly refers to Sino-Tibetan and Vietnamese and other neighboring Bet365 lotto review。This is everyone’s long-term consensus。There is a one-to-one correspondence between the root morphemes and syllables of these Bet365 lotto review。

Chinese is a typical monosyllabic Bet365 lotto review，Even if it has many polysyllabic words，The morphemes are also neatly monosyllabic。Exceptions mentioned in the past，They are not really exceptions。So-called non-monosyllabic simple words，Or foreign words (such as "grape")，Or as morpheme overlap (including full overlap、Various couplets in the form of partial overlap) or alternation (including complete alternation and partial alternation) (such as "Guan Guan", "Dad", "As if", "Yaoyou", "Plop")。Such words also exist in foreign languages ​​(such as papa in English、chit-chat），Foreign linguists do not regard them as simple words，It is the synthesis of morphemes。The Erhua sound in Beijing dialect is one syllable corresponding to two morphemes (such as "Ping'er")，But this does not change the fact that it is derived from the two syllables "Ping" and "儿"。

Monosyllabic languages ​​are not only found in China and nearby areas，Maya in America、Nilo-Saharan languages ​​of the upper Nile River (such as Dinka、Nuer Bet365 lotto review)，This phenomenon also exists in some Niger-Congo languages ​​(mainly in West Africa)。Some scholars also believe that Dravidian Bet365 lotto review、Basque、Caucasian、Sumerian、Proto-Indo-European、Original Australian is a monosyllabic Bet365 lotto review，Or monosyllabic root morphemes occupy an absolute dominant position。

　　Disyllable is the basic meaning segmentation unit of disyllabic Bet365 lotto review

The Austronesian Bet365 lotto review family is a typical disyllabic Bet365 lotto review，This is also a common understanding in the academic community。

From Madagascar in Africa to Hawaii in the United States，All belong to the Austronesian Bet365 lotto review family。While investigating such disyllabic speech，Disyllable is the basic unit of meaning。For a word like Honolulu， We cannot ask the speaker what each syllable means，I can only ask what hono (meaning "port") and lulu ("calm") mean respectively。

Disyllabic languages ​​are not limited to Austronesian languages，The Khoisan Bet365 lotto review of Africa、The Arawak Bet365 lotto review in the Amazon is also a bisyllabic Bet365 lotto review。As for the original Altaic Bet365 lotto review、Root morpheme of Uralic languages，Scholars tend to believe that it is mostly disyllabic in nature。Especially its vowels and harmony，The premise of formation is at least two syllables。Based on our analysis，Japanese、Early Korean is also a disyllabic Bet365 lotto review，Similar to Austronesian or Altai Bet365 lotto review types。

Trisyllabic may be derived from bisyllabic

As everyone knows，The Afro-Asiatic Bet365 lotto review family (formerly known as the Semitic Bet365 lotto review family) is a typical three-syllable Bet365 lotto review。

Typical root words in these Bet365 lotto review ​​generally contain three consonants。Consonants are difficult to pronounce alone，So if these three letters are pronounced according to the letter names, they are three syllables。For example，The Arabic root word “K-T-B” for “writing”，The three consonants have no respective meanings，Combined together to become a root of meaning，its citation form is pronounced kataba。The vowels surrounding three consonants can vary depending on the specific lexical and grammatical meaning，But the "skeleton" formed by the three consonants is stable。

Three-syllable root morpheme or three-syllable root morpheme Bet365 lotto review，Not seen in other parts of the world。Based on scholars’ research on ancient Egyptian，Proto-African languages ​​have more two-mother or two-syllable roots。Three-syllable Bet365 lotto review may be a development based on two-syllable Bet365 lotto review。

　　The corresponding relationship between the number of Bet365 lotto review and syllables can be diverse

，But it is often based on grammatical categories such as the noun, verb, and verb form of the Bet365 lotto review，has different correspondences in fine categories。

Some Indian languages ​​in America with complex Bet365 lotto review characteristics，Often in this category。The sentences are often the compression of multiple mono/disyllabic morphemes。For example，Yupik sentence "tuntussuqatarniksaitengqiggtuq"，Means "He hasn't said he's going to hunt reindeer yet"。This sentence can be divided into morphemes: tuntu-ssur-qatar-ni-ksaite-ngqiggte-uq，Means “reindeer—hunting—future tense—said—negated—again—third person singular”。Except the morpheme tuntu "reindeer"，No other morpheme can appear alone，Non-free morpheme。Noun morphemes correspond to two syllables，Action morphemes correspond to monosyllables。Bantu languages ​​of South Africa、Modern English also belongs to this type of Bet365 lotto review。

　　New perspective helps crack the code of human Bet365 lotto review

The above are the four types of matching relationships between root morphemes and syllables in world languages，Four syllable number choices that reflect the phonetic form of the root morpheme of human Bet365 lotto review。1 syllable is the shortest option，3 syllables is the longest option。In terms of the composition of the syllable structure，The minimum structure of 1 syllable is (C)V (C/V)，Satisfy the rhythmic constraints of double rhymes (Mora)。1 syllable with CV (V is a short vowel) structure，Generally cannot directly correspond to a root morpheme。The sound shape of affix morphemes is generally shorter than that of root morphemes。

The syllabic nature of a Bet365 lotto review or Bet365 lotto review family is stable across time and space。For example，At least since the time of The Book of Songs，The monosyllabic nature of Chinese morphemes has always been relatively stable。But this is not without change。There is clear evidence，Long enough time、Sufficiently deep space contact，The syllabic nature of a Bet365 lotto review can still be changed。As mentioned above, the possibility that the trisyllabic languages ​​of Asia and Africa were early disyllabic languages。In addition，According to relevant research，Each syllable in an Austronesian disyllabic morpheme，Its more ancient meaning can also be further analyzed，This may imply its earlier monosyllabic nature。In terms of geographical distribution，Between the bisyllabic Austronesian and the monosyllabic Sino-Tibetan languages，It is a region between bisyllabic and monosyllabic, which is called "a semi-syllabic" in academic circles，The typical configuration of its conceptual expression is a light syllable prefix plus a stressed syllable。As to whether this prefix is ​​a pure phonetic suffix or a meaningful prefix，No conclusion yet。This type of semi-syllabic Bet365 lotto review，Historical and spatial connections with neighboring monosyllabic and disyllabic languages，Also illustrates possible conversions between monosyllabic and disyllabic types。

The syllabic properties of a Bet365 lotto review or Bet365 lotto review family，Because it focuses on the core rules of cross-layer coding of sound and meaning of Bet365 lotto review，Cross-level correlations that often determine the phonological and grammatical features of a Bet365 lotto review and Bet365 lotto review family。Typical tonal Bet365 lotto review，Usually monosyllabic；Typical analytical Bet365 lotto review，Also generally monosyllabic。Typical accented Bet365 lotto review，Generally, there are many typical ones (including two、三、X) syllabic，The characteristics of comprehensive Bet365 lotto review (including adhesion and inflection) are also more obvious。Monosyllabic，Only typical roots and no typical affixes (for example, Chinese affixes are more like affixes，Affix morphemes often maintain the same independent status of one syllable as root morphemes)，So it is also called "root Bet365 lotto review"，Obvious analytic features。sticky Bet365 lotto review、The development of inflectional Bet365 lotto review，Closely related to the development of affix morphemes。Especially the development of non-syllabic phonemic affix morphemes，Increased Bet365 lotto review comprehensiveness。

In short，Type classification of morpheme-syllable matching relationships in world languages，It is of great significance for revealing the nature of human Bet365 lotto review coding，Of course, we still need to conduct more in-depth and extensive research。

　　(Author’s unit: College of Bet365 lotto review Sciences and Arts, Jiangsu Normal University)