Ethics is a moral norm that people should comply with when dealing with various relationships in social interactions。Translation as a complex social practice behavior，The process involves many elements，inseparable from ethics。Translation ethics provides value specifications and behavioral standards for translators to handle the relationship between the ontology and others。a. Chesterman clarified the level chain of translation ethics in the "Translation Election Theory"，"Value Decision Specification，Specific dominance translation behavior，Translation Behavior Guidance Translation Strategy "。In the field of legal translation，Translation ethical principles constructed on different core values ​​to guide legal translators to make different behaviors，Develop different translation strategies，Achieve or deviate from translation effect。

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A. Berman first proposed the concept of "translation ethics" for the first time，The Western translation community proposes "truth", "loyalty", "understanding" and "trust". Ethics "five main ethical models。"Disperture Ethics" Follow the "heterogeneity" at the text level。l. Venuti thinks，Translators must be rustic and accurately reproduced the original text，as much as possible without any "naturalized" traces。In the "functional ethics" mode represented by the "purpose theory" of K. Reissue and H. Vermeer，The translator needs the object of "faithful" from the original text and the author to translation and reader。Under the restrictions of the above two ethical principles，Translator must choose "faithful" to others，Being in unequal affiliate。The "Dialogue Ethics" mode pursues the mutual "understanding" bet365 best casino games between translators and other subjects，translator of an equal body is to achieve cross -language、Dialogue between Culture and Society Create Bridge。Chesterman proposed "regulatory ethics" and "professional loyalty ethics"，The translation behavior of the translator only meets the social ethics norms or professional ethics specifications，Only "trust" and acceptance of the translation of the language society or the entire translation industry。

Western translation ethical model reflects different value pursuit and behavioral standards，However, its internal limitations also have different effects on the translation behavior of the translator's translation。At the macro level，Lack of unified ethical value foundations between various modes，Four value purposes or cross overlap，or hierarchical blur。At the micro text level，Various modes or splitting or ignoring each other's correlation，"naturalization" and "alienation"，"Obligation" and "Purpose"，Not this is the other，Contradiction isolated。At the main level，or deny or ignore the equality and interaction between the translation subject。

In the field of legal translation，Due to the authority of legal language、Normality and rigor，Legal translation is considered to be the most accurate requirements for special use translation。Therefore，Most legal translators choose "Disposal Ethics" guidance translation practice。O. Kade and F. Hans-Rüdiger firmly believe，"The responsibility of the translator is as accurate as possible、Clear the original content of the original text。There are also legal translators insisting on "regulating ethics" and "professional loyalty ethics"，It is advocated that legal translations must obey the restrictions of compulsory standardization。R. Anly thinks，"Legal text as an institutional text，In communication function、Content and form are relatively standardized，Translator must meet these standards "。Limitation bet365 best casino games of Western Translation Ethics Model also plagues legal translator。Macro，Legal translator lacks universal and general ethical value targets。Micro practical level，Legal translators lack systemic guidance translation behavior selection and judgment translation general ethical specifications。On the main body，Legal translator may be in a subordinate position，or restrained by others，Lack of initiative and creativity。

　　Ecological translation ethical principles to promote the self -realization and construction of legal translator

Ecological Translation Borrowing Ecological "Yuan Discipline" perspective，Realized translation and linguistics、Anthropology、"Inter -Science and Technology" view of the perspective of cultural research research。The research object of ecological translation is no longer an isolated language、Cultural or communication purpose，Instead of studying the translation ecology from the overall perspective、The relationship between text ecology and translation community ecology and each other。Relying on the concept of traditional Chinese philosophy，The ethical value pursued by ecological translation is "heaven and man united"，That is, the harmony and balance of the translation of the relationship between the main and guests。Based on this，Hu Gengshen proposed the principle of local translation ethics different from Western translation，is balanced harmony、Multi -dimensional integration、Diverse symbiotic and translator responsibilities，The translation behavior selection and strategy formulation of the translator's translation。

The principle of balanced harmony reflects the inherent ethical value of ecological translation，Pursue translation ecology、"One" between text ecology and translation community ecology。Multi -dimensional integration principles abandon the battle between "faithful original text" and "service readers"，The best translation should be in language Bet365 app download dimension、The highest translation of "integrated adaptive selection" in cultural vitamins and communication dimensions。The principle of multiple symbiosis pays attention to the "symbiosis" relationship of translation，Different translations should be developed on the basis of "existence"，Unification of diversity。Translator's responsibility principles are no longer in a subordinate position，but dominate the entire translation activity，Coordinated and coordinated translation ecology、The connection between text ecology and translation community ecology。

Under the perspective of ecological translation，The translation behavior of the legal translator is no longer a mechanical language transfer，I no longer emphasizes the reproduction of the content of legal text information、Transfer or reconstruction。Legal translators under the guidance of the principle of balanced harmony need to integrated all the factors in the translation ecological environment，and realize the balance and harmony between the elements，Politics including the source of the source and translated language、Economic and Social System、Legal system、Legal tradition and culture、Legal source、Macro translation ecological elements such as the legal term system，Legal language ecology、Cultural ecology and communication ecosystem of interpreter translation text elements，and translator、Legislators of the State of the Specific and Translated Language、Judge、Format of legal text、Student、Translation community elements involved in jurist and all legal translation activities。Under the guidance of the principle of multidimensional integration，Legal translators need to choose through "3D conversion" for adaptability，Complete legal text transplants and realize the highest translation of "overall adaptation selection"。Multiple symbiotic principles Guide legal translator how to translate or learn from parallel legal text，Bet365 app download and the unity of the diversity of translation according to the different implementation of the text content and legal authority。Principles of the translator's responsibility guidance，Legal translator as an equal communication subject with self -consciousness，Enjoy the choice freedom of translation ethical specifications，For specific legal text information、The expression of the translation、Translation strategies and methods to choose and choose。

　　Ecological translation ethics principles stimulate the initiative and creativity of legal translator

Under the guidance of ecological translation ethical principles，Legal translators can choose different translation strategies and means for different legal texts and translation purposes and enjoy more autonomous space。In order to generate a translation of translation translation translation, high accepted translation，Translator can choose multi -dimensional conversion strategy，On the basis of fully understanding and adapting to the source text，Complete legal language、Adaptive selection of cultural and communication dimensions。Legal translator can choose to add and delete the original text，Change word，Adjust the sentence structure，Switching element arrangement，Use conditional sentence variants and other specific means，Passing legal culture and realizing the purpose of legal purpose。For example，Situation of the concept of a single legal concept in the British and American legal system or the three -link words，Translator can choose to reduce translation，Keep the core meaning。Ancient English in legal texts such as "Herein", "Thereof"，Translators often make up for the translation，information structure in the balanced Chinese translation ecosystem。，There are a large number of noun structures in legal English、Passive voice and system structure，and Chinese law laws common structure and parallel structure，Facing the difference in language dimensions，Translator's creativity，bet365 best casino games Perform adaptability to keep the translation ecological balance。In the dimension of legal cultural dimension and communication purpose，Translator also needs to choose the appropriate translation strategy to achieve the best legal translation。

When the translation ecological environment appears "defect"，To pursue balanced harmony，Translators can choose environmental replenishment strategies and choose different translation methods such as "explanation", "replacement" and "replenishment"。For example，The legal system of the American heritage inheritance is very sound，Detailed and clear regulations on various inheritance tax，Facing the lack of legal systems and concepts in the inheritance taxation of my country，Translator can choose to expand the word meaning。In the American Heritage System，"ESTATE TAX" refers to the taxation of the heirs of the inheritance according to the total value of the inheritance before the heritage is divided，It can be translated from the perspective of the heir to "inheritance tax"。"Inheritance Duty" is part of the tax levy of the inheritance after the inheritance is distributed，can be translated from the perspective of the heirs to "inheritance tax"。"LEGACY TAX" is the privilege tax collected by the inheritance right of the will heir，Can be translated as "Latest Property Rights Inheritance Tax"。

Ecological translation ethical specifications have realized translation ethics from partial applications to general applications，Transition from a single orientation to the overall orientation，and provides legal translators for legal translators from the field of Ying Ran and the facts of the facts，Guide translator conducts adaptability selection，Provides a unified standard for judging legal translations。Under the principle of ecological translation，The translator becomes the "center" of the translation process，Leading the entire translation process，Give full play to active and Bet365 lotto review creative，Maintenance、Construct a balanced and harmonious legal translation ecology。

　　(This article is the key research topic of Heilongjiang Economic and Social Development (Special Special of Foreign Language Discipline) (WY2018109-C) staged results)

(Author Unit: School of Western language from Heilongjiang University)