Content selection of traditional opera translation

 

There are many traditional Chinese opera dramas，According to incomplete statistics，There are more than 300 kinds of Chinese opera，Traditional repertoires are tens of thousands of tens of thousands，Hao Ru Yanhai。

 

A number of Chinese opera dramas that are translated to foreign countries are only a few，Most of them bet365 Play online games are classic repertoires with higher popularity in China，Such as Peking Opera "Fishing and Killing Home", "Phoenix Return"，Huangmei opera "Tianxian Match", "Female Horse"，Vietnamese "West Chamber"，and Kunqu "Peony Pavilion", etc.。On the one hand，Choosing a recognized classic repertoire in China has played a role in spreading the classics of Chinese culture; on the other hand,，This choice also caused the limitations of the traditional opera's foreign translation theme and content。Take Kunqu as an example，"Peony Pavilion", etc. The Ming and Qing legend with the theme of love is the highlight of the long -term translation of Kunqu opera，These works have indeed triggered the attention of overseas markets for Kunqu。but，As Zhu Ling said，The content of the translation of the interpreter is limited to the Ming and Qing legend.，Then feel tedious。Professor Lin Cuiqing from the University of Michigan's University of Michigan's survey of Kunqu opera in the United States，The tradition of the repertoire、Repeated、Sarmer and scope is one of the main reasons that Kunqu opera cannot directly attract the majority of American audiences。Professor Lin also pointed out，American literary and artistic circles and audiences pay more attention to the performance of art itself，and its criticism and dialogue on social phenomena and problems。Therefore，To make new foreign audiences who have been pursuing and different under the conditions of new eras, we must maintain a lasting interest in traditional Chinese opera，It should overcome the limitations of the selection of traditional opera content in the past，Based on survey，Select the theme and content that is more suitable for foreign audiences to translate。With the steady advancement of the construction of the “Belt and Road”，Eliminate the British translation limitations that used to be based on Western markets such as Britain and America in the past，Choose opera works that can trigger the emotional resonance of the people along the country along the “Belt and Road”，Translate and spread in the language of related countries，No bet365 best casino games loser for Chinese opera culture "going global" new beneficial attempts。

 

　　According to the perspective of literary perspective, the foreign opera translation

 

Looking at the development of Chinese opera, you can find it，Most of the traditional Chinese opera comes from literary works。From Qin from Qin，"Song" in the Book of Songs，"Nine Songs" in "Chu Ci"，It is a singing word matching with singing and dancing when sacrificing the gods。To the Tang Dynasty，High prosperity of literature and art，Gives rich nutrition for opera，Poetry Law is even more promoted to mature opera。The "Miscellaneous Drama" and the "Courtyard" of the Jin Dynasty laid the foundation for the Yuan Miscellaneous Drama，It marks that Chinese operas enter the mature development stage。Enter the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Legendary writers and scripts have emerged in large quantities，A masterpiece such as Yun，These scripts will also become an indispensable classic in the treasure trove of Chinese cultural in the future。

 

Most of the existing Chinese traditional opera translation works meet the readers with the appearance of literary works。For example，To explain China to the world，In 1995, my country launched the national publishing project "Greater China Library" (Chinese -English control) series，This is the first time that my country has systematically launched a foreign language version of the Chinese Cultural Classic，Among them, there are excellent traditional opera classics such as "West Chamber", "Changsheng Hall", and "Guan Hanqing Miscellaneous Selection"。As the general preface of "Greater China Library" states: "The Chinese nation has a long history and brilliant culture，System、Translate the classic cultural classic of the Chinese nation into a foreign language，Edit Publishing，Introduction to the world，The wish of several generations of Chinese people。"The main purpose of translation of Chinese cultural classics is to spread Chinese culture，Improve the international influence of Chinese culture and the soft power of the country's cultural culture。Therefore，Traditional Chinese opera under the perspective of literary bet365 live casino games perspective，It should be the first important meaning of showing Chinese culture。A large number of poems contained in opera classics、Allusion、Cultural load words and other cultural connotation content，It should be the focus of translator translation。Alienation should be the leading translation strategy of traditional Chinese opera translation under the perspective of literary perspective。As described by Wonoti，Alienation translation is a "extremely desirable ... strategic cultural intervention"，Make the target language culture aware of the heterogeneity of language and culture inherent in foreign languages，"Send the reader abroad"。Based on this，Adopt translation reasonably、Notes、Footnotes and other translation methods also help the display of the traditional Chinese connotation of Chinese opera classics。

 

　　From the perspective of traditional performances, traditional opera translation

 

Compared with the ancient Greek drama in the three ancient drama culture and the ancient Indian Sanskrit,，Although traditional Chinese opera has a late formation time，However, it has gone through several times and ups and downs，The only ancient drama culture that still exists and retains vitality。This is not only due to its cultural heritage from the literary classics，It is inseparable from its unique performance form。Chinese traditional opera performance set "sing、Nonde、Do、Play "in one，There are texts and martial arts，There are texts and martial arts，Unique forest in the world's drama。

 

Beijing Beijing Theater、Jiangsu Province Kunma Theater and other well -known domestic drama troupes，Drawing the art of opera representing Chinese culture many times，Footprints are almost all over the world，Everywhere you go has set off a boom in Chinese opera and a Chinese cultural boom。These overseas performances are performed in Chinese with Chinese actors，Supplected to the audience in the form of foreign language subtitles。In this form of performance，Actor performance is not affected by foreign subtitles，The stage subtitles are mainly used to help the audience understand the meaning of singing and thinking synchronously。bet365 live casino games Due to the particularity of the theater environment，Especially the limitation of time and space，The stage subtitles must use simple and clear language，Avoid using rare vocabulary and expression。Therefore，naturalization translation is more desirable，Use transparent、Smooth translation minimizes heterogeneous ingredients，Make the audience understand the performance content easily in the limited performance time。It is worth noting that，Although the simplicity of naturalized translations from this performance perspective is more desirable，But the stage subtitles must also correspond to the actor's stage performance。For example，Actors perform a singing word with excellent rhythm，The subtitles should also show the sound of the phonetic rhyme，instead of being treated with a straight -paving language hasty。Because the actor still performs in Chinese，This gives the stage subtitles a larger space in the rhyme treatment，No need to fully follow the Chinese rhythm，It can be more flexibly used to use a more natural rhythmic method inside the translation language to show the phonetic beauty of the singing。

 

　　From the perspective of foreign language performances, the traditional opera foreign translation

 

Some scholars and artists put forward higher expectations and requirements for the translation of traditional Chinese opera under the perspective of the performance，I hope that Chinese opera can perform directly in foreign languages。

 

Professor Wei Lisha, a professor at the University of Hawaii, is the firm practitioner of this pursuit。She thinks，In Western countries，Opera must perform foreign languages，Not as a foreign flavor。Unique aesthetics and performance characteristics of the opera，is the real appreciation and respect for traditional Chinese opera。From the perspective of the audience，The performance of the audience's mother tongue is easier to establish an emotional and psychological subconscious contact with the audience，to cause deeper resonance。Of course，This has higher requirements for the translation。Performance of foreign languages，It means that the translation is to meet the basic requirements of the intention in the bet365 best casino games theater environment，Also strive to meet the original singing and blame sentence、Structure、Music board style、The unique artistic features of traditional Chinese opera such as rhyme feet and rhythm，Must be in style、Structure and language level with the audience's hearing and keep it consistent，Otherwise, it will interfere with the audience。Professor Wei Lisha is proficient in Chinese and Peking opera art，Former teacher Shen Xiaomei。Under her leadership，The opera translation project of the University of Hawaii has become a classic reference for the study of Peking Opera in the Western academic community，It also provided us with many references。To meet the standards that directly perform in foreign language，Translation process not only require translator，It also needs Chinese opera artists to record the original singing and blame，and the chanting instructor to discuss the translation suitable for performance during rehearsal，Finally。This can only be achieved to sing、Mind、Aable opera translation。

 

To sum up，Traditional Chinese opera is different from other types of cultural forms，As far as its foreign translation is concerned，The requirements for the translator are very high。Especially in the pursuit of breakthrough content、Direct performances of foreign languages ​​to shorten the new era of distance from the audience，Translators face more difficult tasks。Translators not only need to be proficient in Chinese and foreign languages，You must also be familiar with the professional knowledge of traditional Chinese opera。In this context，Chinese and foreign translator cooperation is worth promoting。For example，Yang Xianyi、Dai Naidian and his wife translated classic opera works such as "Changsheng Hall"，The Department of Drama and Dance of the University of Hawaii has been committed to cooperating with Chinese and English -speaking translators to carry out Peking Opera translations that can be used for performance。other，The participation of traditional Chinese opera professionals is also essential。There are a large number of theater troupes in China、Theater and opera professional art colleges，Can be described as our unique advantage，The closer cooperation with high -level translators will become a strong engine of traditional Chinese opera translation in the future，Jointly made your own contribution to the Chinese culture in the new era。

 

　　(This article is the 2019 Jiangsu Provincial Cultural and Scientific Research Project General Project "Jiangsu Local Opera British Translation Research" (19YB71) phased achievement)