The Dai Taiwanese clan is proposed and named by Chinese linguist Mr. Li Fangui，Also known as Zhuang Dai language、侗。Foreign scholars are generally called the "Tai-Kadai Languages"，There are also scholars who use "KRA-DAI" to replace the Taiwan-Kazu。According to the report of the World National Language Network (Ethnology)，There are 91 languages ​​and dialects in the Dai Taiwanese people，Mainly distributed in Guangdong, China, Guangdong、Guangxi、Hainan，West to Assam, India，Northern Sichuan Jinsha River，Area in the south of Thailand。"Chinese Language" according to the relative relationship of the language，Divided the Dai Taiwanese clan into Zhuang Dai language、侗、Li language branch and 仡。

The Dai Taiwanese people are a very complex cultural community in South China to Southeast Asia，The frequent contact and flow of prehistoric groups in this area have led to interlaced language、Complex landscapes of cultural blending。The Miao Yao language of Zhuang and Dong language and surrounding Miao Yao language、South Island Language、South Asian language department, etc. adjacent to geographical distribution，Language and cultural intertwined，It brings difficulties to judge its source flow。Scholars from domestic and foreign scholars from the perspective of different disciplines to the origin of the Dai Taiwanese people、Migration and differentiation have been conducted in many explorations and research，Reached some consensus，But there are different views and opinions，Multi -disciplinary conversation provides a new reference for solving this problem。

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Archeology is revealing bet365 Play online games the origin of human beings、Development and characteristics has unique advantages。British archaeologist C. Renfrew is a collection of comprehensive archeology and linguistics research。The origin of the Indo -European language system，He proposed the theory of "Agriculture -Language" common spread theory。This theory thinks，When the population density increases，Agricultural crowd needs more agricultural land，Therefore, you will migrate out to seek new settlements，And the language is spread in this process。Subsequent，Australian archaeologist P. Bellwood (P. Bellwood) applied it to exploring the origin and diffusion of the East Asian language system and language clan。He thinks，The hometown of South Island is consistent with the core area of ​​Southeast Asia，侗 侗 also from this area，and spread with the spread of the agricultural population。

Ancient human fossils excavated according to archeological excavation，In the Old Stone Age，Ancient humans live in South China，The characteristics of their body structure are very similar to the modern sample people in modern South China。In Guangxi、Archaeological excavation in Guangdong and other places，I found a rich cultural relic in the Neolithic era，Among them、There is a section of stone、There are relics related to agriculture with shoulder stone ax，Have a clear inheritance relationship，Explain that the ancestors in this area have started farming operations，Have the same cultural characteristics。From the perspective of this area reflected in the archeological culture，The ancestors of the Dai Taiwanese people are the indigenous people here，It is likely to exist in common source。New Stone Age culture in southern China has inextricable connections with the culture of the Yangtze River Basin，The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River、Minjiang、Pearl River Basin、Archaeological Bet365 app download Discovery of the Lancang River — Mekong River, middle and lower reaches，Reflects the group that is widely distributed in this area with similar historical and cultural groups。Nationalist thought，The crowds of Dongtai people are descendants of the ancient Baiyue people in southern China，They lived in the coastal areas between Shanghai and Hanoi between 2000，As the Han people go south，Some people of the Dai Taiwanese people migrate westward，Another part is migrated to Hainan Island and Southeast Asia in batches。The southward movement of the Baiyue nation not only has genetic contributions to people in southern China and Southeast Asia，They also have a strong commonality and historical relationship in language，It also has inheritance and commonality in customs and habits，Living in a house、Tooth extraction customs、copper drum culture, etc.。

　　Linguistics research provides language clues

Study on the origin of the Dai Taiwanese people is mostly based on the practice of linguistics。Based on homologous words based on historical comparative linguistics，You can judge the prehistoric culture of the ancient Taiwanese people，Including the geographical environment where it is、Life Method、Animals and plants and various utensils。Li Fanggui、Liang Min、Zhang Junru and other scholars planned to be in the Tongtai language homology words，There is rice、Xiaomi、Straw、Yam、Seed、seedlings、Weeding、Hoe、Ax、House、buffalo, etc.，It can be inferred that the main livelihood method of the ancestors of the Dai Taiwanese people is agriculture，Live in the community，also domesticated some animals。River Agriculture is also the biggest feature shared by ancient people and their descendants。

Although the Dai Taiwanese people are distributed wide，But the language of various nations in voice、There are still high similarity on the vocabulary and grammar system，Especially basic Bet365 app download vocabulary，It has maintained its stability and continuity in the precipitation of history。Linguist Luo Meizhen compared the Zhuang tribe、More than 2,000 common basic vocabulary of Dai and overseas Thai people，It is found that more than 500 vocabulary of the three ethnic groups，Dai and Thai are as high as 1500，From this, you can judge the earliest separation of Zhuang language people，and the relationship between Dai language and Thai language is more closely。Linguistics evidence shows that there are frost and no snow in the original residence of the ancestors of the Dong Taiwanese people，and the tropical that is not close to the equator。Li Jinfang speculates that the ancestors of the Dai Taiwanese people live in the subtropical area according to the common words of various languages。仡 语、Lin Gao language exists unique to the same source words，Have a close relationship，仡 仡，Then we moved westward to Guizhou。Deng Xiaohua uses the statistical analysis of the source of the source to conduct mathematical classification and kinship judgment of Zhuangyu language，Calculating Baiyue -South Island Group formed in southeast China 4000 years ago，The Li people of Zhuang and Dong language were independent about 2700 years before 2700.，The conclusion of the income is consistent with the results of archeology and anthropology。Li Rengui is the most diverse according to language.，It is speculated that the ancestral home of the Dai Taisu clan is in the north of Guangxi and southern Guizhou。Language is a activated stone to witness historical culture，The traces of the ancestors of the Dai Taiwanese people in the early days of living in South China can also be seen from the ancient place name，Witches the inheritance and continuation of the local ancestors in this area。

　Revelation of genetic scienceTrace of crowd migration and fusion

Genetics research provides scientific objective information for the origin and differentiation of the crowd，Described the migration pattern bet365 best casino games of ancient people under the large space -time framework for us。Genes can reflect the relationship between crowds，The process of crowd migration can be mapped on the change of archeological culture，These changes are associated with the distribution of language systems。Li Hui and others performed a mitochia sample from 30 Dong and Taiwanese people from southern China and Vietnam.，Discover B、M7、F and R's four most typical southern polymers in the Daitai ethnic groups are as high as 66.4%，It shows that the Dai Taiwanese clan originated from southern China，The Han people south brought new genetic fusion to the people of the Dai Taiwanese people。From the perspective of Y chromosome，The main Y chromosomal polarity group of the Dongtai ethnic group is O1-M119 and O2A-M95，accounting for more than 60%of the most Taiwanese ethnic groups，The frequency of Y chromosomal polarity with the southern Asia people is consistent。Dipple group O1-M119 is Chinese、One of the most important patriarchal types in the Taiwanese and South Island people。It is also found in the Liangzhu Cultural Site near the Yangtze River Estuary, which is also found to have a high frequency of O1-M119 pool group.，This will associate the ancestors of Liangzhu Culture with the modern Dong Taiwanese group and the South Island ethnic group。，From the Taiwanese people、The analysis of Y chromosome diversity of the Malays and Taiwan ethnic minorities in Indonesia，The parental inheritance of the Malay group and the Taiwan ethnic minorities comes from the relevant people of the Taiwanese language，Determined the closely patriarchal genetic relationship of the Dai Taiwanese people and the western population of the South Island。Wang Chuanchao and other studies also revealed from the level of genomic groups that the people of the Dai Taiwanese people and the south of the South Island are homologous，It is possible to originate Bet365 lotto review from the rice -made agricultural crowd from the Yangtze River Basin，The primitive Taiwanese population and the southern island are separated by the south of the north.。

The migration and diffusion of the primitive Dai Taiwanese people also have a profound impact on modern Thais and Laos in terms of language and genes，Other Southeast Asians and South Asian people have also been affected by the continuous genetic influence of southern Chinese people。Lipson (m. lipson)、Ancient DNA research results in H. McColl (H. McColl) are displayed，From southern China to Southeast Asia, first experienced the great population migration of the ancestors of the South Asian crowd，The second batch is the south mix of the Kazu language crowd。Although the number and representative of the ancient genome samples are limited，It needs further excavation，But the current ancient DNA research in the region has important reference value for exploring the migration and genetic history of East Asian people。

Historical linguistic methods can infer the most likely differential geographical location of a language group，But it cannot provide an exact time table，Because of the early stages of language, it is mainly to be reconstructed by related vocabulary structures。Multi -disciplinary cooperation will distribute language distribution with archeological cultural areas、Create contact between the genetic clues of the crowd，To more accurately speculate on the specific origin and diffusion time and spatial scale of a language (family)。In view of the complex language landscape and genetic structure of the Dongtai people，We should be within the range of East Asia and even Southeast Asia，Re -examine this problem from the perspective of prehistoric language and crowd。Through Linguistics、Archeology、Research on multiple disciplines such as genetics，The close relationship between the Taiwanese clan and its ethnic group、Origin and bet365 live casino games diffusion issues will be expected to be further clarified。

　　(This article is a major project of the National Social Science Fund "the origin and formation of the South Island language clan under the perspective of multiple disciplines" (20&ZD248) Pharmaceutical results)

(Author Unit: Ningxia University School of Foreign Languages，Xiamen University Social and Human Academy; Xiamen University Social and Human Academy、School of Life Sciences)