Liang Zongzheng's "Jing Chu Shi Ji" in the Southern Dynasties is the earliest record of the age of Jingchu in my country、Book of Wind Story，Among them, "April 8th" subordinates: "There are incense soup buddhas in various temples，Congress Longhua Club，Think of the sign of Maitreya; and Changsha Temple has Jiuzi Mother God。is day，People who are in the city who have no children to support pancakes to begged，often test。"One of the details in this material aroused our attention，Why does "the city of the city" begged on April 8th。What is special about "April 8"? How does it have a relationship with the custom of Qizi?。This is probably because the prayer activity is too normal，It is difficult to stimulate everyone’s interest，People often think that since ancient times。Actually it is not the case。Brief words，The initial "April 8th" did not have the activity of "praying"，Qizi appeared in the late Southern Dynasties，Since then gradually fixed，and become one of the core of the customs of the Buddha Festival。I think，Taking the discussion of the "April 8th" praying custom as the entry point，Then examine the folklore of the Middle Ages、The origin of the folk customs，How is the transmission process of Buddhist culture integrated with local culture，Can deepen our understanding of Buddhism。

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Well knows，"April 8" is the Bath Buddha Festival，So，We want to explore the connection between "April Eighth" and Qizi，I have to examine the relationship between the "April 8th" praying custom and the Bath Buddha Festival。Bathing Buddha Festival, also known as the Bath Buddha Club、Buddha's birthday、Longhuahui、Buddhist club, etc.，A festival instrument extended from the myth of the Buddha。The Biography of Buddha Biography unearthed from the Luye Garden and Bet365 lotto review Amoro in India is painted with the scene of the bath Buddha，It can be seen that the origin of this section is very early。Early Chinese translation Buddhist scriptures often involve this legend，If the Three Kingdoms Zhiqian translated "Buddha said Prince Rui Ying Ben Sutra" volume: "By the night of April 8th star，Hua from the right threatening to fall to the ground。Seven steps，Live in the right hand: ‘the world，Both Three Realms。Both Three Realms，He Cocauro '‘。Is the great movement of the world，Palace full of Ming。Brahma Shin Shentian，All in the air servant。Four heavenly kings connected to the gold machine，Prince Bathing，Prince Bathing。”

other，Western Jin Fatjama translation "Buddha said to wash the Buddha -shaped statue"、Nie Daozhen's translation of "Different Bodhisattva Scriptures"、Bei Liang Yan Wuyao's translation "Buddha's Praise"、Liu Song Baoyun's translation of "Buddhist Scriptures" and the Buddhist scriptures such as the translation of Naibao translation "The Forsal and Causes and Effects" are mentioned in this，Although there are subtle differences in the content of different documents，But all include the following points。First，The birthday of the Buddha is April 8。Second，Entering the celebration of the celebration on the birthday of the Buddha can learn from Ford。Fa Zhu translated "The Buddha's Washing Buddha Story Sutra", which said: "，When the Buddha is in，Unconscious，Unconscious。"" Third，Rendering the prince (Buddha) all the gods when birth，Ru Dragon King with Xiang Tang as the prince、Sanhua、Tianle support celebration。In short，Bathing Buddha Festival has a strong religious color at the beginning of form。

Questions about when the Bath Buddha Festival is introduced to China，Shi Wumingwen。But，According to the "Hou Han Book" Volume 73 "Tao Qian Biography" contains: "Qian envoy (笮 笮) supervise the tomb、Xia 邳、Pengcheng Yunyun ... Every bathing Buddha, drink more rice，The seat on the road，It has food and viewers and more than Bet365 app download 10,000 people。"" This explanation，until the end of the late Eastern Han Dynasty，Bathing Buddhist Festival has appeared。After the two Jin Dynasty，Bathing Buddhist Festival has gradually developed into a religious festival from the participation of the people from the royal family to the natsens.。For example，"Wei Shu · Shi Lao Zhi": "April 8th，and the statue of the Buddha，Traveling in Guangyu，Emperor Qi Gate Tower，Linkuan Sanhua，To salute。"Song Book · Liu Jing Propaganda": "Jing Xuan 8 -year -old lost mother，Day and Night Cry，Different table ... April 8，Jingxuan Seeing everyone irrigation Buddha，Nai Golden Mirror thought the mother irrigation。"Song Shu · Shen Dao Qian Biography": "Frequent Buddha，Push Father's Old House for Temple。From April 8，Every please like。Please like the day，Raise family feelings "，All proves。The Bath Buddha Festival in this period follows the festival instrument of the traditional Indian Buddha's birthday，Ruhafo、Views、Sanhua、Dagging performance，On the other hand, some new activities are added，Ru Zhai、Copy Scriptures、Statue, etc.。For example，Liu Song Xin'an King Liu Zizhen's mother Yin Shuyi after death，"Lu Zhai and the Buddha on April 8。Dianzuo is as many as 10,000，less than 5,000 "。，Northern Wei Dynasty's three years of virgin statue of Gao Axing statue: "April 8th，For the parents of the seventh generation，Do not suffer from eight difficulties，Build True Rong。Do not suffer from eight difficulties，May I go to the living office，Guang and everything，Do not suffer from eight difficulties，Longhua Tree will think of it，Guang and everything，Thinking together。"" New customs，Stretch with the filial piety concept of local culture，Provides opportunities for the customs of Qizi to be included in the bathing Buddhist festival celebration system。

Why is the custom of Qizi associated with the "Bath Buddhist Festival"? Scarcity of literature，Unable to test。But we can from other customs and etiquette，Press a Bet365 app download little shadow。As mentioned above，Bathing Buddhist Festival is a festival instrument extended from the myth and legends born in the Buddha。This kind of reproductive worship caused by the gods of the deities，It is common in history，Ru Shou worship、West Mother Western Worship、Fuxi worship, etc.，People believe that the reproductive power of these unusual gods must be strong，Therefore, you can pray for the son with the help of divine power。Such examples are all in the history of history，endless plums。The behavior of perfume irrigation Buddha in the bath Buddha ceremony mentioned above，This "The meaning of suppressing yin and yin at the time of the people at the time"，People understand the bathing Buddha ceremony with the concept of yin and yang and five elements，So，The birth ceremony of the Buddha has a potential association between the yin and yang and the combination。In addition，In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the translation of "Buddhist Sutra of the Buddha" also provided it with the theoretical basis: "To be bold in the world，For wealth wealth, hundreds of millions of students can get，Desire for a hundred sons and thousands of grandsons，For longevity, longevity can be obtained。"Therefore, the power of" people in the city without children "feels the power of the Dharma，I hope that on the April 8th Bathing Buddhist Festival, I can understand it on this day。From this，We can see that the Bath Buddha Festival affects the great influence at that time、Guang。

　"April 8th" pray for customs and local culture

Except mentioned above，"April 8th" Prayer Customs is closely related to the belief in the nine -child mother in local culture。Jiuzi mother is the god of shelter produced by women in ancient times，"Hanshu · Cheng Emperor Ji" cloud: "Emperor filial piety，Prince Emperor Yuan also。Mother Yue Queen。Emperor Yuan in the Essence of the Essence of the Prince，The grandson of the emperor of the world。Xuandi Love，Words said Taisun，Frequent left and right。"Ying 劭 said:" A view of A.，Main breasts also。Painting the hall to draw nine children。Bet365 app download "Wang Xianqian's" Hanshu Remarks "quoted Shen Qinhan's" Han Shu Shu Xuan "said:"。Draw nine children，Gai Ying's knowledge。Case "Yuhai"，Luoyang Palace、螽 Sitang、Zitang，"。"、See "Poetry · Zhounan · Sius" and "Poetry Da Ya · Si"，It is the allusion to chant the people，Therefore, the second hall is all produced，A view should also be a production house。This description，Emperor Hancheng，Jiuzi's mother has been regarded as the god of fertility in the production house。

The legend of the nine -child mother can be traced back to "Chu Ci · Tianwen": "Women's Misaki，焉 焉? "Wang Yi said:" Women's Qi，Goddess，Nine Zisi Born without a husband。"Wen Yiduo thinks，"Women's Misaki is Nine Mother，This star name also "，Related to the "Nine Zixing" of the Orthoco。"Historical Records · Tiansheng Book": "The tail is nine sons。"Song Junyun:" The House Palace，Therefore Jiuzi，Zi Ni Nine，Nine stars with tails。"Zhang Shoujie said:" Tail Nine Stars，is the harem，Also Nine Zixing。"and" Tail is the prince，Junjun; Jiu Jue，Bad "。"Spring and Autumn Yuan Life Bud" Yiyun: "Tail Nine Stars，箕 Four Stars，It is also the harem field。"" Jin Shu · Astronomy "inherited the above statements:" Tail Nine Stars，Harem field，House of Concubine Queen。The first star，Later; Samsung，Mrs.; Second Star，嫔。The third star is a star name of God Palace，Inner room。Tail is also nine sons，Star color desires，Size inheritance，The harem has a narration，Multi -descendants。"" It is worth pointing out，"Jin Shu" did not describe the situation of "bright and dark" here，Instead, highlighting "size inheritance，The harem has a narration，Multi -descendants "characteristics。This means，The nine sons of "Chu Children" landed on the ground as the "Nine Mother" God，Then it has the meaning of reproductive worship。

Sima Qian's "Historical Records · Feng Zen Book" provides related clues for this kind of star worship in heaven to transform into the ground，Its cloud: "Yongyongri、month、Participate、Chen、North and South Dou、Bet365 app download Yingwi、Taibai、Sin Star、Stars、[Chen Xing]、Twenty -eight Sepa、Fengbo、Yu Shi、Four Seas、Nine Chen、Fourteen Chen、Zhu cloth、Zhu Yan、The genus of Zhuzhu，Bai You Yu Temple。There are dozens of temples in the west。Zhou Tianzi Temple in Yuhu。There is a god of heaven in the bottom。、滈 Zhao Ming、Tianzi Pond。Yu Du、Ancestral Temple of the Three Society、Shouxing Temple; and Yongzheng Temple also has Du Lord。Du Lord，Therefore, the right General of the Zhou Dynasty，It is in Qinzhong，The Little Ghost God。Each in the age of Feng Temple。"The end of the Jiuzi Star is one of the twenty -eight stars，There should be temples and temples for sacrifice。Eastern Jin Dynasty Liu Xinqi "Jiaozhou Ji" provides direct evidence for this speculation: "Shi Jiuzi mother，Sit seven feet high，In Jinzhou Temple，Jiuzi is attached to the stone body。Chuanyun floats and arrives，Shi Yan Prayer，Seeking a child more，Endless today。"What is worth noting here is，At this time, the nine mother was worshiped in the "State Temple"，Some kinds of contact have been generated with Buddhism。Therefore "Jingchu Time" states that "Changsha Temple has the nine son gods"。

But，Different from Liu Xinqi is，Zong Yan made clearly stated in the "Jingchu Shi Ji Ji" to "Jiuzi Mother God" in April 8th。What? Desire to answer this question，We also need to learn more about the meaning of this time at that time。Explanation of the Buddhist Documents，On April 8th, "with the time of spring and summer，Crime after crime，Everything is popular，Poisonous gas does not work。Not cold or hot，Time Qi and Siter，It is the day of the Buddha "，In the concept of local traditional time，Meng Xia was the East of the East "Canglong Xing Su Jumping out of Horizon，Canglong is a yang，The emergence of Canglong symbolizes the strong yang。and Canglong's end is regarded as a star that was regarded as the birth of the Lord in ancient times "，At this time, the effect of praying or more prone to the spiritual experience than usual。In addition，bet365 live casino games The ancients also believed that "April is not only a season when yang rises，It is also a long -term season，People’s living habits must adapt to changes in this natural environment，A coordination with heaven "。"Tube · Five Elements" Cloud "People and Sky，Then the beauty of heaven and earth "，The people of the Six Dynasties cleverly rely on the time point of "April 8th"，Increase the reproductive worship of reproductive worship during ancient times into the customs of the buddha festival。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Fund's later funding project "Research on the Six Dynasties Buddhist Spiritual Test Novels"、The general project of the Hunan Social Sciences Achievement Review Committee "Guanyin Belief and the Six Dynasties Strange Novel Interactive Research" (XSP18YBZ017) phased results)

(Author Unit: School of Literature and News of Xiangtan University)