Tang and Five Dynasties periods，There are many bet365 bonus code 2023 sects，Various bet365 bonus code 2023 styles go hand in hand，“BOC” is one of the representatives。The so-called "heterogeneous"，Originally it is the cause position relative to the Buddha’s fruition position，includes people、days、Animals and other six-path living beings；So "walking among others" generally refers to the Bodhisattva who voluntarily walks among all living beings in order to save them after enlightenment。However，This statement comes from Hongzhou Zongnanquan Puyuan，Derived new meaning，And it was widely recognized and practiced by bet365 bonus code 2023 masters of the Tang and Five Dynasties，It then became an influential bet365 bonus code 2023 forest trend。Judging from the current academic research on “heterogeneous BOC”，The author only saw Yin Wenhan、Relevant papers by Ouyang Zhen and other scholars are slightly mentioned，But not in depth。In view of this，This article attempts to put forward this concept、Discuss the influence and its inner bet365 bonus code 2023 principles，In order to deepen the understanding of the bet365 bonus code 2023 style of the Tang and Five Dynasties。

　bet365 bonus code 2023 Puyuan and the Proposal of “Business in Different Groups”

The first person to propose "walking among the heterogeneous" was Hongzhou bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan Puyuan，In his early years, he studied the old chapters of the Xiangbu Department，Also listened to Lankavatara and Huayan，Enter the view of "Zhong", "Hundred" and "Gate"，Later obtained Game Samadhi from bet365 bonus code 2023 Mazu Daoyi，One of the three great men of Hongzhou Sect。

bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan once said when giving a lecture: "There are too many Zen masters these days."，You can’t find a dull person。O you people，Don’t make mistakes。Want to understand this matter，Zhixu Xiangfa before he was born，No name，Secret secret use，No one is aware，Tie De with Mo Shi，Fang has a few points accordingly。So the saying goes: ‘I don’t know the ancestor Buddha exists’，The raccoon slave is white but he knows it’。Why Ruju？He is not as affectionate as many，So it is called Ruru，It has already changed，Straight to the outside world。” (Volume 16 of "Zutang Ji") There are many ambiguities in understanding this passage，Ru Shang Zhiyu interpreted "you" as "actual existence"，Thus we get the raccoon slave、Bai Gu is stuck in the realm before him，The conclusion that it is difficult to understand Buddhism。However，This kind of derogatory comment on raccoon slaves、There is an obvious contradiction between Bai Ku’s statement and the idea of ​​“walking among the heterogeneous”，Unreasonable。"Quotations of bet365 bonus code 2023 Foguo" says: "If you know the bottom line，Liaowen held up，Through the bones to the marrow，Just kick it up，Sitting on the head of Baohua Buddha，Buluoyu silently。”Obviously，"Zhiyou" actually means seeing one's nature and realizing the Tao。Then，The above two sentences should be interpreted as: the ancestor Buddha did not realize the Tao，raccoon slave、Bai Ku is able to realize the Tao。The reason why bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan said this，See the words of bet365 bonus code 2023 Wan Song Xingxiu: "Become a Buddha and become an ancestor，It seems stigmatized；Wearing horns and fur，Push to the top。” (Volume 5 of "Congrong Lu") If you want to reach the true realm of seeing nature，Don’t hold on to the thought of becoming a Buddha and becoming an ancestor，But we must "obtain the Buddha's body before he was born"。So it seems，What bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan admired was actually the raccoon slave、Baikou and other "others" do not have names、The natural state without any emotion。

In order to deeply understand the above points，The author lists two other materials。First, bet365 bonus code 2023 Guizong Zhichang asked a certain monk what Buddhist karma he had at Nanquan，The monk recounted the words of Nanquan and said: "Husband Samana，Must behave like an animal；If you can’t do it, you’re a beast，Nothing good。”(Volume 16 of "Zutangji") here，bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan replaced “alien behavior” with “animal behavior”，Clear the object of appreciation from beings in the six realms to beings in the animal realm，So that it can better play the role of attracting new doubts。The second is the question and answer between bet365 bonus code 2023 Cao Shan Benji and a monk about the "Nanquan Water Bull": "'How is the Water Bull?？'Cao Shanyun: 'Mong Meng Xing Xing Di。'The monk said: 'What does this mean?'？'Cao Shanyun: 'But think about water plants，I don’t know anything。’The monk said: ‘What kind of side matter is it?’？'Cao Shanyun: 'It's just a matter of taking advantage of the water'，Eating grass wherever possible。’ asked again: ‘How is it a water cow?？’Cao Shanyun: ‘If you don’t realize the holy fruit’。’” (Volume 16 of "Zutangji") According to Cao Shan Benji's understanding，The reason why bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan came up with the saying "Water Guniu"，Because it only knows how to drink water and eat grass，I don’t have any thoughts of becoming a Buddha and becoming an ancestor，Extraordinary、The opposition of holy duality。In other words，What bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan calls "walking among the different"，It is not asking monks to become beasts，It does not require monks to go among animals to save sentient beings like Bodhisattva，Instead, it is advocated that Zen practitioners should be like animals and not climb up、without thinking、Eat when hungry、Sleep when sleepy，Do the right thing now。

　Because of this，bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan often uses "Shui Guniu" to enlighten and learn，For example, he once led an ox into the monk hall to inspect the first monk，He also used "Calling Water and Guniu Bathing" to guide the bathing monks。Even before Master Nanquan moved，The first one asked him where he would be in a hundred years，He also replied that he would go to Tan Yue’s house at the foot of the mountain to make a water cow。

　"bet365 bonus code 2023 words", "bet365 bonus code 2023 actions" and "bet365 bonus code 2023 metaphors"

Influenced by Nanquan Puyuan，bet365 bonus code 2023 masters of the Tang and Five Dynasties often responded to monks' questions with "animal behavior"。If a monk asked Huangzhou Qi’an “How to be one’s own Buddha”，He replied: "A horse in front of the grass is hard to be poor，To achieve all the wonderful things, you have to act like an animal" (Volume 3 of "The Collection of Chuandeng Yuying")；A monk asked Jiufeng Daoqian, "What kind of behavior does a person in the world do?"，He replied: "The behavior of animals" (Volume 5 of "The Legend of bet365 bonus code 2023 Forest Monk")。Not only that，Some bet365 bonus code 2023 masters of the Tang and Five Dynasties also used a variety of "exotic words", "extraordinary actions" and "extraordinary metaphors" to guide future students and compare their own nature。Among them，Particularly noteworthy are the bet365 bonus code 2023 masters of the Weiyang Sect and the Linji Sect under the Hongzhou Sect。

Weishan Lingyou, the founder of Weiyang Sect, once renovated the above-mentioned "Nanquan Heterogeneous Words": "Old Monk A Hundred Years Later，Become a water cow toward the foot of the mountain，The five characters in Zuolishu read ‘Monk A from Weishan’。When is it right?，called Weishan Monk，Another water cow；called Shui Guniu，Yuyun Weishan Monk。Whatever you call is what you get？” (Volume 1 of "Quotations of bet365 bonus code 2023 Weishan Lingyou") Although this passage also has the consideration of later scholars with the guidance of "ignorant aliens" and "obscure beasts"，But more importantly, it raises the dilemma between "Weishan Monk" and "Shui Guniu"，Use this matter to force later scholars to jump out of the circle、Realize your true nature。Fuzhou Da’an bet365 bonus code 2023, Weishan Lingyou’s younger brother, once said: “Just look at a water cow，If it falls into the grass, pull it out，If you offend Miao Jia, you will be whipped。Long-term taming，Poor students are subject to words，Now turned into a white cow，Always in front of you，Dew in a different place all day long，Don’t go now。” (Volume 9 of "Jingde Chuan Leng Lu") bet365 bonus code 2023 Da'an regarded "Water Bull" as a delusional mind，Regard "white cows in the open" as pure and untainted，Visually explain the method and process of subduing inner delusions，It is also a creative use of "Nanquan heterogeneous dialect"。

Compared with "heterogeneous words"，The Linji bet365 bonus code 2023 is more inclined to "heterogeneous practices"，The most outstanding performance is imitating the behavior of animals in sharp repartee。Let’s first look at the conversation between bet365 bonus code 2023 Yixuan, the founder of Linji Sect, and monk Puhua in Zhenzhou: “One day Puhua was eating lettuce in front of the monk’s hall。The teacher saw the cloud: ‘It’s as big as a donkey。’If it is universalized, it will make a donkey bray。Master said: ‘This thief。’Puhuayun: ‘thief。’Just go out。" ("Linji Lu" Volume 1) Yi Xuan said that the common people eat vegetables like donkeys，In terms of name and appearance，Ridiculous language；Puhua gets up and learns how to bray as a donkey，The intention is that this mind at this moment is the Buddha，Mainly anti-customer。Yi Xuan then calls him "thief"，Praise for his cleverness、According to your wishes。Another example is that the master of Tongfeng Temple, a disciple of Linji Yixuan, once learned how to make a tiger roar: "The monk asked: 'What is the reason for the sudden encounter of a big insect here?'"？’The teacher roared like a giant insect。Monk shows fear。Master laughs。The monk said: ‘This old thief。’” Another disciple, the master of Huxi Temple, learned to make the sound of a parrot: “The monk said: ‘I heard that there are parrots in Longxi’.，Not really yet？'Shi Yun: 'Yes。’The monk said: ‘It’s possible that the monk is nothing’？’The teacher then made a parrot sound。The monk said: ‘What a parrot。’” (See Volume 12 of "Jingde Chuanlan Lu") This "abnormal behavior" of imitating the sounds of animals is not only a clever way to test others，Also shows that imitators are not obsessed with objects、The cognitive state of forgetfulness between humans and donkeys，I am even more attached to bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan、Acceptance and practice of the delusional idea of ​​“working within the heterogeneity”。

Among other things，Using "animal" as a metaphor for "self-nature" also became a common phenomenon in Zen forests in the Tang and Five Dynasties，For example, bet365 bonus code 2023 Hong'en from Zhongyi answered "How to see nature" with "Macaques playing at six windows"，Fuqing bet365 bonus code 2023 Xuanna answered "How is a pure Dharmakaya" with "A shrimp and a toad" etc.。Overall，Discuss "Nanquan Idiosyncratic Words"、The practice of imitating the "exotic behaviors" of animals and using animals as "exotic metaphors"，Making "extraordinary practices" a common trend among the Hongzhou Sect。

　"Practice among the bet365 bonus code 2023" and "A normal mind is the way"

The formation of a Zen forest atmosphere，There must be an internal reason in Zen thought，The popularity of "walking among the different" is closely related to the "ordinary mind is the way" advocated by the Hongzhou Sect。According to "Mazu's Quotations"，bet365 bonus code 2023 Daoyi once said in public: "The Tao does not need to be cultivated，But don’t pollute。What is pollution？But there is a desire for life and death，Pretending to be interesting，It’s all pollution。If you want to know the way，A normal mind is the way。What is a normal mind？No pretense，Nothing is right or wrong，No choice，Unbreakable，No ordinary and no saint。”In other words，Don’t practice deliberately，Not making judgments about right and wrong，There is no distinction between life, death, mortals and saints，Stay in a ready-made and natural state and you can "know the way"。Obviously，This concept of "ordinary mind is the way" is different from "but thinking about water grass"，It’s very close to the animal state of “I don’t know anything”，Thus it became the ideological soil for the "heterogeneous business" to flourish。As a disciple of Mazu Daoyi，Nanquan Puyuan accepted this concept: The teacher asked Nanquan: "What is the Tao？"Quanyun: "A normal mind is the way。"Shi Yun: "Is it still interesting?？"Quan Yun: "If you want to go in the direction, you will be obedient。” (Volume 47 of "Gu Zunsu Quotations") in the eyes of bet365 bonus code 2023 Nanquan，A normal mind with no false interests is the state and realm to be achieved by practicing Buddhism。Look further，Linji Yixuan, the third disciple of bet365 bonus code 2023 Mazu, also said: "Buddhism is useless，Just normal and nothing happened。” (Volume 1 of "Linji Lu") He contrasted "nothing" and "ordinary"，This points out the idea of ​​"nothing Zen" that was recognized by later generations of Zen as the main feature of Zen in the Tang Dynasty。

It’s worth noting，The Zen forest culture of "walking among the different" began to gradually fade after the Tang and Five Dynasties，Although there are still many Zen masters who explain and comment on "Nanquan Heterogeneous Words" as Gude Gongan，However, in specific questions and answers, the practices of "heterogeneous actions" and "heterogeneous metaphors" rarely appear。This point is also related to the evolution of Chinese Zen thought。Since the Northern Song Dynasty，Yima Zudaoyi、The "Nothing Zen" thought of the Hongzhou Sect represented by Nanquan Puyuan is gradually becoming rigid，Thus incurring Zhen Jing Ke Wen、Yuanwu Keqin、Multiple criticisms from Zen masters such as Huitang Zuxin and others。Although they have not completely denied "Nothing Zen"，But I am dissatisfied with those who insist on nothing but no real insights。As Yuanwu Keqin said: "It must be a profound enlightenment，Mountains are still mountains、Water is water，even all methods，Everything has come true，Fang Shi is a carefree person。” (Volume 5 of "Biyanlu") bet365 bonus code 2023 Yuanwu denied the ready-made natural state of nothingness，Emphasis on the need for great enlightenment，Re-reach the original situation where nothing happened。Since then，Animals that only know how to eat grass and drink water cannot be ideal objects of imitation，Reflected in the response to the situation, this is the end of the Zen style of "walking among the different"。

As a kind of Zen forest atmosphere，"Practice among the heterogeneous" became popular in the world due to the rise of the Hongzhou Sect's concept of "the ordinary mind is the Tao"，With the Northern Song Dynasty bet365 bonus code 2023’s criticism of “nothing Zen”, he quietly retired，But the distance it conveys、The philosophy of learning to avoid delusion and observing one’s own mind、The Zen spirit of not looking outside has always been the characteristic of Chinese Zen。

　　(Author’s affiliation: School of Liberal Arts, South China bet365 bonus code 2023 University)