"bet365 games repaying kindness" folk song and the Sinicization of Buddhism
June 28, 2022 08:48 Source: "bet365 games Social Sciences Journal" Issue 2436, June 28, 2022 Author: Qiu Zhaoyuan

Filial piety as the core of family ethics in ancient Chinese society,Is an important tool to maintain the family organizational structure and feudal ruling order。China’s traditional patriarchal system requires filial piety to parents、Marriage support、Respecting ancestors as the fundamental norm of ethics。Buddhism was introduced to China during the Han Dynasty,As a foreign and heterogeneous culture,Buddhism is at odds with China’s inherent civilization,Those who were criticized by Chinese scholars,Unfilial piety is the biggest problem。In order to adapt to the traditional Chinese patriarchal system,Adjusting the contradiction between monk practice and filial piety at home,The most famous use of "Xuan Xiao" is the most famous one,Specific ways include translating and commenting on Buddhist filial piety classics、Compare with Confucian classics and create apocrypha、Carry out folk filial piety activities, etc.。Buddhists in secular filial piety activities,In order to gain the trust of the people,Specially draws on the function of music to change customs,Compiled verses into songs,Make one sing day and night,To influence the people。This article intends to take the popular folk song "bet365 games Repays a Favor" in the Tang Dynasty as an example,Analysis of the absorption and integration of filial piety ideas in Chinese Buddhism since the Tang Dynasty,Observe how he widely uses the popular song "bet365 games Repaying Favors" in daily Buddhist activities to serve believers,And how it affects the creation of good books and folk art in later generations。

"bet365 games repayments of kindness" folk song was first seen in Dunhuang songs,"Dunhuang Miscellaneous Records" and "Dunhuang Music Records" both contain the popular song "bet365 games Repaying Favors",Mainly talks about parents’ nurturing kindness,Especially for mothers from conception to delivery,And the various hardships in raising children,To persuade the world to be filial to parents。The song "bet365 games repayments of kindness" begins with "The first repayment of kindness",Every paragraph will start with a numerical sequence from now on,Count to "The Tenth Repayment of Gratitude"。Ren Erbei made some research on the popular song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" in "A Preliminary Study of Dunhuang Songs",Considering that it is closely related in content to the Buddhist secular text "Parents' Kindness Is Hard to Repay Sutra"。The widespread dissemination of filial piety in the Tang Dynasty created an important social and cultural environment for the trend of repaying kindness,As a result, in the early Tang Dynasty, the apocryphal "Parents' Enzhong Jing" derived from the "Parents' Enzhong Jing" appeared。As can be seen from the text,This is a classic created by monks at that time to serve various folk sutras and confessions,There are words and phrases such as "Repay kindness for bet365 games months and don't betray each other,The Buddha advises his disciples to "ask for the Lord Sakyamuni",There is no way to repay a loving mother" etc.,All texts are written in the tone of monks。Tang and Five Dynasties period,Monks are invited by believers to hold Buddhist activities at their homes,Sing various ditties to feedback the believers’ alms。The article "Eight Phases Taichang Yin" in "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu" written by Wu Zeng of the Song Dynasty said: "The monks in the capital read "Eight Phases of Liangzhou", "Taichang Yin", "Three Refuges", "Liu Hanyan", etc.,No. ‘Tang Zan’。And Nanfang Shizi wrote "The Fisherman", "Plucking the Boat", "The Proud Fisherman" and "Qianqiu Sui" to sing Taoism。Gabenvinaya said: ‘South of Rajagaha’,Youle’s name is Gan Gepo,Taking the eight signs of Bodhisattva,Ji Wei Song。Those who make believers,Happy to hear life。’”And so on,The folk song "bet365 games Repays the Gratitude" should be a folk song sung by monks at the funeral ceremony for the believers。

Such folk songs have been spread from the Tang Dynasty to modern times,You can see his figure in folk songs from various places during the Republic of China,For example, there is "October Pregnancy Song" in "Selected Anhui Ballads",The "General Catalog of Chinese Folk Songs" also includes ditties such as "bet365 games Months of Pregnancy", "bet365 games Encourages to the King", "bet365 games Heavy Kindnesses" and "Twenty-Four Filial Piety",They are similar in meaning to "bet365 games repayments of kindness"。As stated in "Selected Anhui Ballads": "The first month of pregnancy is the first month of pregnancy,Peach and plum blossoms are blooming in spring”。"bet365 games Month Pregnancy" (Fujian Printed Version) contains: "A drop of nectar comes from the first month of pregnancy,Feeling depressed after being pregnant for two months。Namo Amitabha。”Also,There are also relevant contents in various woodcut and lithographic texts of folk songs across the country,Such as "bet365 games Advises to the King" (Suzhou·Woodblock Edition,Departed from Wuhu Chongben Hall) has "Listen to the singing and give good advice to the king",I advise you not to forget your parents’ kindness”;"bet365 games Kindnesses" (Beiping Dagu Book Manuscript) says, "I advise you to be filial to your parents,Parents have the deepest kindness in raising their children”。Judging from the content,The folk song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" mainly talks about how difficult it is to repay parents' kindness in order,Great kindness,And the hardships parents face in raising children,With three characters、Four words、Seven-character consecutive sentences to describe the story,Some people add the Buddha's name "Namo Amitabha" at the end of the sentence,To show returning to the true heart of Buddha and Bodhisattva。In the old days, there was a widespread phenomenon of singing the folk song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" in the vast areas south of the Yangtze River,When an elderly person dies at home,The host family often invites monks or Taoist priests to the home to carry out various ritual activities,During the funeral, the monks and Taoists sang the folk song "bet365 games Repays the Gratitude",The whole clan, old and young, gathered around and listened,Talk about emotional points,Men, women, old and young burst into tears,To some extent, it plays the role of persuading people to do good and educating them。

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,The folk song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" has been widely used in folk books,Especially in the compilation of Baojuan, the popular song "bet365 games repaying kindness" appears from time to time,From the early sect treasure scrolls to the later folk treasure scrolls, the shadow of "bet365 games repayments of kindness" can be seen。The "Sighing the World and Inaction Volume" published in the fourth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty finally contains the words "Repay the favor of heaven and earth",Two reports of the sun and moon shining upon me...nine reports of nine ancestors being born in the pure land,The tribute text of "The Lonely Soul of the bet365 games Reports has ascended early"。At the end of the volume of the "Roading and Immovable Mount Tai Root Treasure Scroll" of the same period, there is also the words "If you can teach the Dharma to save all sentient beings,The words "Boundless merit always repays kindness"。Other than that,In the sect’s treasure scrolls, “Right Faith Eliminates Doubts, No Cultivation and Achieves Freedom”, “Pu Jing Tathagata Key Treasure Scroll”, “Guanyin Bodhisattva in White Clothes Sends a Baby to the Next Birth Treasure Scroll”, “bet365 games Repaying Kindness” appears,It’s just that the bet365 games kinds of kindness reported are different。To the Qing Dynasty,With the large-scale compilation and printing of folk treasure scrolls,The folk song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" is also widely used in folk treasure scroll texts,After hundreds of years of mutation,Some develop into unique repayment songs,For example, "The Treasure Scroll of Flower Names" (copy collected by Suzhou Opera Museum) has the verse "bet365 games Candles",The content starts from "Everyone will offer candles of his life to the World Honored One,Everyone is sincere in worshiping before the Buddha。My mother has no favors for raising me,bet365 games candles will be used to repay mother’s kindness。A candle to heaven,Three lamp grasses form a heart。Illuminating the faces of the Buddhas in heaven,Xiazhao Yinsi Hell Gate。Burn incense, light candles and worship with devotion,I will repay my mother’s kindness before the Buddha”,Until the tenth candle is counted,Select allusions from Twenty-Four Filial Piety,Tell one by one,Encourage people to be filial and do good deeds。The "Five Saints Treasure Scroll" (copy, collected by Suzhou Opera Museum) states that "One repayment of heaven and earth brings forth all things"、The second report is that the sun and moon are shining brightly、Three Repayments to the Emperor of the Country、Repay the kindness of parents in raising children four times...repay the kindness of saints in three religions bet365 games times",Expand the content of repaying kindness bet365 games times to the heaven, earth, sun and moon、National Saint,Obviously follows the Ming Dynasty sect’s Baojuan tradition。At the end of various folk treasure scrolls, there are often verses lamenting the difficulty of repaying the mother's kindness,For example, "The Treasure Scroll of Fighting the Knife to Encourage Your Wife" (copy, collected by Suzhou Opera Museum) concludes with the verse: "It is hard for a mother to be pregnant in bet365 games months.",Three years of breastfeeding。Eating mother’s milk three times a day,Eat mother for nine meals in three days。Eat mother’s blood every day,No access to the four seas and the Eastern Ocean。Mother’s breasts are not Yangtze River water,That’s six feet tall。”This is similar to the dedication text in Buddhist scriptures,Dedicate the merit of preaching the treasure scroll to your parents,This is a way to repay your parents’ kindness in childbirth。

From the above examples, it can be seen that the folk song tradition of "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" originated from the Tang Dynasty had an important influence on the rap music art of later generations,Clear inheritance relationships can be found in both content and sentence structure。The folk song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" is one of the various attempts made by Buddhist monks to better integrate Buddhism into Chinese culture,This approach not only meets the needs of filial piety education in the clan society,It also caters to the social needs of people to commemorate their loved ones,In addition, rap music is inherently entertaining,The folk song "bet365 games Repays a Kindness" has always maintained a strong vitality in the historical development and evolution of thousands of years。

 (Author’s Affiliation: School of Liberal Arts, Soochow University)

Editor: Zhang bet365 games
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