"Festival Order"，"Book of Rites · Month" is interpreted as a solar terms。"Solar terms" is twenty -four solar terms，Beginning in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States，To the Western Han Dynasty, it has become complete and included in the national calendar.。"seasonal"，The Political Political in December，That is to formulate a policy on agriculture in the seasons。

Ancient China belongs to a self -sufficient farming society，Seasonal climate plays a decisive role in agricultural production，Promote the attention of the past people to pay attention to the festival orders。In addition to guiding agriculture，The changes in climate waiting also touched people’s minds，Treating a lot of emotions，Flings often appear in the writing of literati and Mo Ke，Section order and literature also have a contact。As Shen Yue said: "Singing and Xing，Should be from the beginning of the people。"" ("Song Book · Xie Lingyun Biography") to the Tang Dynasty，In the age of the year, the culture gradually became prosperous，further promoted the development of the festival poems。The festival poem at this time not only inherits the characteristics of the previous chanting climate，It also shows the colorful customs habits of the time -seasons。We can glimpse the folk customs of the Tang Dynasty from these poems、Belief Taboo, etc.。

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Natural worship、Soul worship、Industry God worship and other original beliefs are one of the source of the annual season order。Ancient China has respect to the sky、Tradition of Shuntian，Follow the "Premier Master，Bi Shun Tian Shi "(" Book of Justice "Volume 33)，"Master Master，Combining with heaven and earth，Combine with the sun and the moon，Sequence with bet365 best casino games four o'clock，Combat with ghosts and gods。Congenital and Tianfu violated，The day after tomorrow，Tianye Violation，It is for everyone! It is because of ghosts!，Division is expected。Should be fine，I feel late。"When will the crops sow、When will grow mature，There are specific time，Determined from nature，Can people can't control，Only after the cultivation of cashiers can there be harvest。Just as "Nong Sang Collection" Cloud: "Shun Tian Shi，Quantitative Land，It is less and successful;，No job to get it。”

Ancient Emperor known as the emperor，Carrying in Fengtian、The ceremony of being ordered by the heavens to strengthen the reasonableness of the regime。Summer solstice、Winter solstice is a joint node of yin and yang changes in the year，"Winter to，To Heavenly God Ghost。Summer to，Land 示 鬽 "(" Zhou Li "Volume 8，"Winter Soller Solstice Sky Ling Festival，Hundred Officials Express the Congratulations "(" Yanjing Shi Ji Ji ")。Emperors of all ages will be regarded as the extremely important ceremony ceremony of the country to sacrifice heaven。Yuan 稹 稹 咏 咏，The Zhou family is righteous years。The year -old Xingzhan Arctic，Shun Rizhao Nantian。By celebrate the golden hall，Huanyu Lingqi。Wanbang Ge has a way，Who dares to move the border "，Not only shows the unique sky phenomenon of the winter solstice，At that time, Jupiter runs to the northernmost tip of the earth，The sun is running to the southernmost end，Yin and Yang Erqi alternate，It also describes the worship of the ministers、Singing and Dance、Kaifu Xiangqing，Grand Festival of the Grand Festival of Sacrifice Ceremony。

When the ancients were collected in the autumn of September 9，Because of the worship of heaven, there are also customs to sacrifice the sky。For example，"Chongyang Jade Law responding，Wan Chengjin Out of。Wind Reliance Yu Xian，Yunkai Tun Yao Ri。Chrysanthemum floating wine，Juliang hanging weight。bet365 live casino games Want to know grace，Shun Shi Watching Qiu Shi "(Zheng Nanjin's" Fenghe Nine -day Xinglin Weiting to be made up to the Japanese characters "，Taking Chongyang as the background，described the section of the festival at that time。The appearance of Enze mentioned in the poem，Need to move smoothly，"Shun" is exactly the manifestation of the ancients' acting in the sky。"Zhai Temple and Crown，Guanpinya shoulder shoulder。Connecting green silk riding，Poetry Bai Luntian "(Quan Deyu's" Removal Feng Luzhou Early Autumn Performance See Seeing ");，Hundreds of jobs in time。怀 怀 怀，Similar to the same king and minister。Zhuanhua in Pavilion，Society of mutual capital。Unknown Kang Lu Yong，The year of the year of the admiration "(Li Shi" Chongyang Day is the matter ")，All describe the rituals of the ancients through fasting in the section of the lodge.，Pray for Guotai Min'an、Activities for Full Food，Reflected the ancients conforming to the sky、Social psychology of worshiping the sky。

　　Culfur and wicked evil prayer for peace

Due to low productivity、Cognitive limitations，The operation of the ancients for the sun, moon and stars、Changes in the Meteorology of Nature、Phenomenon of birth, sickness, death and other phenomena，Frequent scientific explanations，Think of disaster differences、Death、Diseases, all of which come from the control of the mysterious power of non -human beings。In the concept of the ancients，Section order as a special time node of the year，The possibility of more ghost evil spirits。So，Drive and wicked evil has become one of the important forms of festival cultural activities。

Due to the influence of traditional Taoist culture，The Tang Dynasty Festival Ling the charm and evil spirits is particularly prosperous。Firecrackers in the Yuan Dynasty、Putting Peach Charm and other traditional。"Jingchu Nian Ji Yun: Yuanri，Firecrackers in front of the court，Evil of the mountains ";" The new calendar will open the half paper，Xiao bet365 Play online games Ting still gathers ashes "(Lai 鹄" Early Spring ")，depicting people in the New Year with a fire burning bamboo tube to make a crackling sound，Fear of the mountains and evil spirits with this、Custom painting rolls away from the place where the crowd lives。Taoist person、Drawing peach stalk、Insert Taowu、The function of writing peach runes is similar to it。Peach Wood, also known as "Ghost Wood"，According to the Mountains and Seas Classic: "The Mountains of Du Shuo ... There are two gods on it，One is Shen Tu，One is Yu Bao，Lord read the leading ghost。Ghost of evil harm，Perseverance with reeds and eating tigers。"People have painted painting、The peach board of the second god of Yu Lei is hanging on both sides of the door，Used to drive ghosts、Blessing Ping An。"The age of the year" cloud: "Make a peach board with a household，It is the immortal wood，It is like Yukou Mountain、Peach Tree，Hundred Ghosts also。"Li Shangyin specifically mentioned the sacrifice supplies of" Peach Wood Figne "in" Three Songs of Emperor Zhaosu "，"Sea fans seeking medicine for medicine，Snow dedicated peach people ... Songxuan Bailu Xin "，When people think that ghosts are daunting peach wood，Then cut the peach wood into human form，To avoid evil and drive ghosts。

Midsummer May in the Yangtze River Basin is at the season of Meiyu，Steamed and hot，Worms 蠹，Easy to dye the plague。"Jing Chu Shi Ji Ji" contains: "May commonly known as evil month，More taboo exposure bed、Recommended seats and house。"Yin Yaofan" Dragon Boat Festival "cloud:" Youth festivals are more passionate，Who knows the sorrow。Insufficient Ai Fu tends to become custom，But praying for wine to be flat。"" Although the poet feels hard to do because of his age，Instead of revealing helplessness and sadness between the lines，But it can be seen from it，Hall of wormwood in the Dragon Boat Festival、Exorcism、Drinking puppet wine has become the festival custom that the society Bet365 lotto review prevailed at that time。"May Faculty of May，Five Tone Xia Jun。Old Lai Zhuan five days，Nothing to call God。Pillow pillow aura，Long silk renewal。"" (Li Longji's "Dragon Boat Festival Three Halls of Palace to Destiny God")，"Long silk" is color silk thread，from red、Huang、Blue、Green、Purple Five Color Composition，Symbol five -color dragon，Tomples in the wrist of the fans and feet，Prevent five poisonous ghosts、Exempted plague、Baoping'an Longevity、Disaster of the sword -avoiding soldiers。In ancient times, it was also called colorful long life、Renewal。"Jing Chu Shi Ji Ji" has a cloud: "The arms of the king color silk，Name is Bingbing，No illness。”

　　Extraction of epidemic and eliminating life extension

Profitable to avoid harm、Fear of death is human instinct，In addition, affected by Taoist thought，Tang people generally cherish life、Cherish real life，Desire、Pursuit of the length of life。If "only the time to slaughter the Suzu annual teeth，Sitting with a smile and smiling hair spots "(Fang Qian's" Yuan Ri ") mentioned on the day of quitting the old and welcoming the new，There are drinking and slaughtering wine to dispel the disease、The custom of looking forward to longevity。"Dai Xing first hold Zhu Yaozhen，It is shocking in the mirror。Good is a laugch in front of the lamp，Tu Su should not taste first "(Cheng Yanxiong" Yuanri ")，Then talk more about the way to drink Tu Su wine，During the order of drinking when drinking alcohol。Children's New Year's New Year，Drink first to congratulate; the elderly in the New Year is a decrease in life，Drink late to show longevity。"Jing Chu Shi Ji Ji" also contains "Sui Dian Tu Su，，The New Year for the younger，Elderly Wishes Life "。In addition to drinking Tu Su wine，Tang people also have the customs of drinking cypress wine in the Yuan Dynasty。Songbai Changqing，is the most common plant in Taoist view，"Songbai is a hundred wood long，and the door is wide "(" Historical Records bet365 Play online games "Volume 128)。Pine cypress wooden tough、Scent Fen，An ancient，The story of a immortality circulating in the folk，Its leaves can be used as medicine or soaked in wine。"New Year's Day Entry Pepper、cypress wine。Pepper is Yushu Xingjing，The service is old。Bai is a immortal medicine，I can stay in the year but get sick。"" ("Four People's Moon Order") Li Yan's "Yuan Ni Gift Bai Ye Ya Yao System" cloud: "Ji Ling Dong Jin，Fangxin stays in Fang Fang。It can make people longevity，Non -stop musk with incense "，The poet will see Yuci Baiye as the joy of Yishou Rui Zhao, revealing nothing。

Yuan Yan once said with emotion: "It's not only love chrysanthemum，There is no flower in this flower。"(" Chrysanthemum ") When the frost falls，Bai Cao withered，Only chrysanthemum independent cold autumn，Chrysanthemum becomes a symbol of vitality。Ancient Xiandao Fang Family seemed to be "Yanshouke" and "Nothing Grass"，Praying for Chrysanthemum Praying for Yishou Explanation has become an important Chongyang festival custom。"Xijing Miscellaneous" contains: "September 9th，Pending dogwood，Fang Pant bait，Drink chrysanthemum wine，Yun's longevity。"The examples of Chongyang and Shouqing's associated chanting verses in the Tang Dynasty are abound，such as "Zichen Caixian Chrysanthemum，Recommended Shouqing Chongyang "(Xieye" Fenghe September 9th Deng Ci En Temple Floating Map should be controlled ")、"Emili Chongyang Festival，Xiangyuan Wanchenglai。But the evilwood enters the pendant，Shoushou Ju Chuan Cup。Tower category inheritance，Doubt to the Buddha open。Rui Ci suspension of the sun and the moon，Yang Zhao Hui "(Shangguan Zhaoyong" On September 9th, Xingcian Temple，Climbing Figure，Siniors on chrysanthemum life wine ")。

visible from Tang poetry，Diren and religious beliefs intertwined with each other，Section order is in the process of inheritance and evolution，From the initial simple time tape，bet365 live casino games Gradually develop into a comprehensive knowledge system and folk activities，Its connotation is also increasingly rich，Stretching for thousands of years。Different customs and habits in each section of sections，Reflect that the Tang people value health、Cherish life attitude of life，and conform to the sky、Disaster Exorcism、Social psychology that pray for blessing。The Tang Dynasty festival makes poetry while expressing natural beauty，It also expresses the Tang people's deep thinking and exploration of life，For us to learn more about ancient material life、The spiritual world provides a window。

　　(This article is the key project of the National Social Science Foundation "Tang Song Yunwen East Asia Accept Literature Examination and Research" (20AZW008) phased results)

(Author is a doctoral student at the School of Literature of Jilin University; Professor of the School of Arts of Jilin University)