2023 is the beginning of the start of the 20th spirit of the party，It is also the 45th anniversary of reform and opening up。Data Show of the National Bureau of Statistics，Since this year，China's economic continuous recovery is good，High -quality development solidly advance。As the world's second largest economy and the creator of the miracle of sustainable economic growth，The development and trend of China's economy have always been the hotspot that people of international academics and economic circles，How to look at the Chinese economy，People also hope to see a reasonable and informative professional analysis，instead of rough judgment by feeling。Recent，The reporter is based on the prospects and challenges of the high -quality development of China's economy，Chairman of the Coun Foundation for the United States、The China Reform Friendship Medal winner Robert Lawrence Kuhn conducted an interview。

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"China Social Sciences": Preliminary accounting，The GDP in China in the first three quarters was 91302.7 billion yuan，Calculated at an unchanged price，increased by 5.2%year -on -year。In the first half of 2023，The total retail sales of Chinese social consumer goods increased by 8.2%year -on -year。August 2023，China Manufacturing Purchasing Manager Index (PMI) is 49.7%，0.4 percentage points increased from last month，The level of manufacturing prosperity is further improved。How do you interpret this series of economic data?

Kun:The recent gross domestic product data in China is encouraged，The monthly data of the total retail sales of consumer goods and the manufacturing procurement manager index is also the same。Of course，It is always unwise to make long -term predictions based on short -term economic performance。To evaluate the long -term sustainability of the economy，People need to study the component of the GDP，Observing the economy is consumption and investment、Investment productivity and other performances，and track data in a longer period of time。Some overseas media reports a pessimistic attitude towards the Chinese economy，But I noticed，The Chinese government aims to boost the economic policy and measures to be implemented in a way that is conducive to the long -term development of the economy。

How to cope with economic growth rate、Manufacturing activity、Consumer confidence and other tests? Talk about this problem，The first thing I want to say is that China does not do anything。The Chinese government has not launched a large -scale economic stimulus plan，Because Chinese leaders know，The cost of decline in long -term debt and productivity to replace short -term stimulation is not worth it。President Xi Jinping emphasizes the importance of high -quality development，and high -quality development cannot be achieved through speculative methods。So，Large -scale strong stimulation of the Chinese economy is a good sign。The Chinese government is making continuous、Targeted policy adjustment，Related measures include low -reduction interest rates、Provide financial support for private enterprises、Promoting home appliance furniture and other family supplies consumption、Subsidy car, especially new energy vehicles,、Relaxing the qualification limit for house purchase、Reconstruction of the village in the city、Reduce the stamp tax rate of securities transaction。

No perfect policy，There is no magical solution，China is trying、Tests and monitoring many specific、Targeted projects。China fully recognizes，The conditions for economic development are always changing，We must always seek optimization and improvement，and adjust the direction when necessary。Overall，With export、This long -term successful growth model driven by fixed asset investment "reaches the retirement age"，China needs to respond to the challenge of slowing economic growth。China's new growth model highlights high -quality development and drives domestic demand，This represents the future of China's economy。

　　"China Social Sciences": You mentioned the problem of driving domestic demand，How to understand the role of consumption in economic development? Further expand domestic demand in China、Give full play to the potential of the huge domestic demand market，What suggestions do you have?

Kun:Consumption is the key factor in China's economic strategy，The important basis for consumption is consumer confidence。Life status of the new crown epidemic period、fluctuations in the real estate market and uncertainty about the future，All affect people's mentality。The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting on July 24，Analysis and study of the current economic situation，Deployment of Economic Work in the second half of the year。Meeting to point out，The current economic operation is facing new difficulty challenges，Mainly inadequate domestic demand。In my opinion，This is a very frank、Practical expression。The meeting also pointed out，China's economy has huge development resilience and potential，Long -term good fundamentals have not changed。

July 31，The General Office of the State Council of the State Council forwarded the National Development and Reform Commission "Measures to Restore and Expand Consumption" (hereinafter referred to as "Measures")，20 measures include optimizing car purchase and use management、Support rigid and improved housing demand、Improve home improvement home and electronic products consumption、Rich Cultural Travel Consumption, etc.，The targetedness of these measures is impressive。For example，For the 4th measures -improve the consumption of home improvement home and electronic products，Its claim should promote home decoration consumption，Encourage the indoor all -intelligent assembly integration。Promote smart home appliances、Integrated home appliances、Functional furniture and other products，Improve the intelligent green level of home furnishings。Accelerate the implementation of appliance after -sales service。Deepen the home appliances to change the new for the old，Strengthen the recycling of waste appliances。Use ultra -high -definition video、Virtual reality、Flexible display and other new technologies，Promoting supply -side technology innovation and electronic products upgrade for replacement。Support wearable device、Smart Product Consumption，Create a new scene of consumer application of electronic products。For expanding new consumption，"Measures" proposed to strengthen digital consumption，Accelerate the digital transformation of traditional consumption，Promoting e -commerce、Live Economy、Online entertainment and other digital consumption specifications development。For the promotion of green consumption，"Measures" proposes to actively develop the green low -carbon consumer market，Improve the production and promotion mechanism of green low -carbon products，Promote the green update and quality upgrade of residents' durable consumer goods。

In addition to the above specific measures，An important way to achieve long -term sustainable growth in China，It is the power source for growth from investment to residents' consumption，The proportion of increased consumption in residents。

　"New Quality Productivity"The future of the Chinese economy

"China Social Sciences": For decades，You participate、Witness and record China's development。From the perspective of long -term historical development，What is the significance of the high -quality development of China's economy?

Kun:Some analysts in the world claim，China has reached its peak value of its relative economic strength (especially relative to the United States)，They put forward the discussion of the "peak China" based on this。When we turn our eyes to China，China is focusing on promoting high -quality development，Accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system。I think，Comparing these two points is meaningful。

If the "China Rise Peak Theory" becomes a reality in the current or close future，This means that China will never surpass the United States (calculated at market exchange rate) to become the world's largest economy，"China's economy will surpass the United States" for a long time has been a topic that many analysts are keen to talk about。British "Economist" magazine May issue，Some institutions have lowered expectations，No longer predict that the Chinese economy will surpass the leading position of the United States，Instead of thinking that the two Bet365 lotto review will be close to。but，Martin Wolf, chief economic commentator of the Financial Times Martin Wolf, posted a post on the newspaper，"We should not say‘ China ’s rising peak theory’。Although there are deep structural problems in its economy，But this is also a country with significant advantages "。Wolf lists a series of development advantages in China: a large number of engineering graduates every year; the most busy intellectual property bureau in the world; the population with a high degree of entrepreneurial; The potential of the leading world; and in the field of information technology, it seems to be ahead of Europe。

On the one hand，China's economic development is facing the complex and severe external environment、Insufficient industrial structure、Deepen of the population aging and other tests。On the other hand，China Constructing a modern industrial system、The major vision of achieving high -quality economic development，Pay attention to government guidance、Market leading、Social participation。This is a blind pursuit of high -speed growth、Energy -intensive industrial model is more meaningful，Sustainable sustainability。In the era of intelligent information，The continuous breakthrough of technology has brought new ways to economic growth。The commercial value of the technology is very important，Especially in information technology、Artificial Intelligence、Robot、Semiconductor、New Materials、E -commerce、Marine and Space Technology、Advanced manufacturing and other fields，Of course also includes lithium batteries、Green technology fields such as photovoltaic power generation and new energy vehicles。China is promoting relevant policies to implement the implementation。

"Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Accelerating the Construction of the National Unified Unified Market" emphasized，Building a national unified market is the basic support and internal requirements for building a new development pattern。President Xi Jinping pointed out during the investigation of Heilongjiang，Integrated scientific and technological innovation resources，Leading the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries，Accelerate the formation of new productive forces。Improve the core competitiveness of state -owned enterprises，Lead the healthy development of the private economy，Create a batch of industrial clusters，bigger and stronger real economy。The core carrier of the company as the transformation of the enterprise，Improve the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements。Actively connect with the national industrial chain supply chain，Deep cultivation in the advantages and industrial advantages of the advantages and industries，To better integrate into the national unified market，Play a greater role in China Unicom's domestic and international dual cycles。Now，Many Chinese companies have "settled down" in places where scientific and technological achievements landed，The development of the supply chain of China's local industrial chain is also highly consistent with the country。In short，"New Quality Productivity", a new word, highlights the rich connotation of China's economic transformation，High -quality "new productivity" represents the future of China's economy。

　　High -level scientific and technological innovation play a supporting role

"China Social Sciences": In your opinion，What role does technological innovation play in economic development? What are your evaluations of China's scientific and financial policy?

Kun:China attaches great importance。Another，Some Western countries have increased technical cooperation with China，Objectively prompting China to pay more attention to independence and autonomy in science and technology、Self -reliance，China now takes up the ability to improve independent innovation、Accelerate the realization of high -level technology self -reliance as an important task for the country。Comprehensively build a socialist modern power in China、In the journey of achieving the second century -old goal，How to emphasize the empowerment of scientific and technological innovation for high -quality economic development.。The 20 major reports of the Communist Party of China pointed out，We must adhere to technology as the first productive force、Talent is the first resource、Innovation is the first power，In -depth implementation of science and education strategy、Talent Strategy、Innovation -driven development strategy，Open a new field of new fields for development，Continuously shaping the new advantages of development new kinetic energy。

China has long attached great importance to the role of independent innovation，Determined determination to develop technology，Full affirmation of professionalization、High -end、Innovative -driven enterprises are ensuring high -quality growth in China's economy、The contribution made in the supply chain of the stable industrial chain。Technology -based SMEs in strategic emerging industries、"Little Giant" Enterprise，Relevant Chinese departments are passing more targeted、More effective policies，Especially in financial support、Tax preferential policy、Support for intellectual property protection and talent training，to stimulate the release of their potential in high -quality development。Many party and state leaders in China have repeatedly penetrated high -tech parks and technology companies for field investigation and research，This can be understood as a way to send a clear signal to officials at all levels。In this signal，The strongest call is the appeal of self -reliance on technology。China has long advocated technology、The importance of innovation and entrepreneurs，It is also recognized that "Innovative Generation" can play a key role in promoting industrial transformation。

　　"China Social Sciences": Current，China's high -tech industries have increased investment faster，The quality of attracting foreign investment has also continued to increase。，How do you interpret it?

Kun:From the perspective of China，Technical cooperation and professional knowledge exchanges with foreign companies is still very important。This makes the Chinese market more competitive，can also better meet the needs of Chinese consumers。other，By showing the openness of the Chinese market、Showing the status quo of foreign enterprises in the Chinese market，It also strongly refutes that "China only hopes that products exported to overseas products can face the open market and first -class business environment，But do not want foreign products to have a similar situation in China "。For foreign companies that develop business in China，China and Global geopolitical situations、Economic operation status、Business -related policies and regulations、Change of factors such as consumer emotions all affect their development trajectory。A research and development of the British Chamber of Commerce，70%of foreign companies want the information that can be obtained before the new investment can "clearer"。Research and display of the American Chamber of Commerce in China，Most interviewed companies are concerned about the friction of Sino -US relations。but but，52%of American companies are still optimistic about the prospects of business in China in the next five years。Actually，People can also see，Some overseas brands have a good performance in the Chinese market，Continue to be welcomed by Chinese consumers。At the same time，According to data from the German Chamber of Commerce in China，55%of German companies plan to increase their investment in China in the next two years。

Introduction to high -quality foreign capital is conducive to the development of advanced manufacturing、Guarantee the security and stability of the supply chain of the industrial chain、R & D breakthrough technology and other aspects to promote China's new industrialization process agglomeration energy。Actively attract and use foreign investment，is to promote high levels of opening to the public、Establish an important content of a new open economy system。The State Council of China recently issued the "Opinions on Further Optimizing Foreign Investment Environment to Increase Foreign Investment"，From improving the quality of foreign capital、Guarantee of the national treatment of foreign investment companies、Continue to strengthen foreign investment protection、Improve the level of investment and operation convenience、Increase financial tax support、A total of 24 policies and measures such as improving foreign investment promotion methods，Accelerate the creation of marketization、rule of law、International first -class business environment，Attract high -quality foreign capital。China provides convenience for bet365 live casino games foreign companies in China，and do it as an important job。Prime Minister of the State Council Li Qiang emphasized when attending the World Economic Forum Global Entrepreneur Dialogue in June，We must open up more cooperation opportunities in China's high -quality development。China strengthening scientific and technological innovation、Construction of a modern industrial system、Expand domestic demand, etc.，It will promote a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial changes to achieve new breakthroughs，Bring huge cooperation opportunities in various industries, especially new fields, new circuits。

China ’s above -mentioned policies and measures make Chinese Chamber of Commerce in China with confidence to encourage foreign companies to invest in China。China Chamber of Commerce 2023 Science and Technology Innovation Summit points out，In a world marked by volatility for three years，One thing is yes: the organization that is ready to meet the challenge can more effectively serve customers and stakeholders。

　　Promoting the development of the private economy

"China Social Sciences": with the shift of China's economy to a high -quality development stage，Look from the long -term eyes，What role can private enterprises innovation and entrepreneurship play in China's economic development prospects?

Kun:On the one hand，China has made a strong statement on supporting the development of the private economy，and continued to launch specific policies and measures to strengthen support; on the other hand,，Private enterprises are also facing challenges，Feeling uncertainty。As of the end of May，There are more than 50 million private enterprises registered in China，There are quite a lot of small and micro enterprises，And these companies are generally affected by the new crown epidemic。The private economy is an important part of China's socialist market economy，contributed more than 50%of China's taxes、More than 60%of the domestic GDP、More than 70%of technological innovation results、More than 80%of urban labor employment。The Chinese government shows a clear and eye -catching attitude，Provided more support for private enterprises that create wealth and employment opportunities，Timely response concern，and solve the worries of its care。

July，"Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Promoting the Development of the Private Economy" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") release，One of the core goals of the "Opinions" is to boost the development confidence of the private economy through strong measures。"Opinions" proposed 31 specific measures in 8 aspects，"Opinions" mentioned，Continue to break the barriers to market access; comprehensively implement the fair competition policy system，Among them, the market intervention line is regularly launched as a negative list，Timely cleaning and abolishing local protection、Market segmentation、Specifying policies to hinder unified markets and fair competition in designated transactions; protect the property rights and entrepreneurial rights and interests of private enterprises in accordance with the law; improve the direct support policy to the fast enjoyment mechanism，Among them, it includes the role of the direct mechanism of the fiscal capital，Promoting the funds involved in enterprises directly enjoy; improve the implementation of the incentive constraint mechanism，Among them, the establishment and improvement of the private economy complaint right protection platform，Improve the complaint report confidentiality system、Treatment procedures and supervision and assessment mechanisms; strengthen the construction of representatives of the private economy，Among them, the representatives of supporting the private economy play a greater role in international economic activities and economic organizations;。These measures above are a strong signal issued to Chinese private enterprises，It shows the confidence and determination of supporting private enterprises by optimizing the development of the private economic development environment。China deeply realizes，This is for promoting high -quality growth、Create more employment opportunities、Strengthening the construction of scientific and technological innovation、slow down the goals such as downward risks in the economic recovery，It is very necessary。

January 2022，President Xi Jinping pointed out when he attended the 2022 World Economic Forum video conference and delivered a speech，China wants to achieve common prosperity，but not averageism，Instead, bet365 best casino games you must first make the "cake" bigger，Then arrange the "cake" through a reasonable institutional arrangement，Water rising boat high、Each of its own，Make the results of development more fair and benefit all the people。In China，Private enterprises can create more wealth，Make "cake"; can also participate in allocation of wealth，Help more fairly divide the "cake"。President Xi Jinping was visiting the Democratic Construction of the 14th Session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference、During the members of the Federation of Industry and Commerce, I pointed out，Whether it is a state -owned enterprise or a private enterprise，All are important forces to promote common prosperity，All social responsibility to promote common prosperity。

Some Western media reported some people's doubt about China's support for the development of the private economy，Chinese leaders put the high -quality development of the private economy in an important position of work，Visited outstanding private enterprises for many visits，Communicate with private entrepreneurs，This kind of concern for private enterprises and attach importance to it is just a direct refutation of skeptical attitude。September，President Xi Jinping inspected Yiwu International Trade City, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province，Where is the world's largest small commodity wholesale market，own about 75,000 shops，Provide 26 categories、More than 2 million products，It is a place that fully shows the spirit of entrepreneurs。October，Premier Li Qiang hosted a symposium on the economic situation experts and entrepreneurs，Listen to expert entrepreneurs' suggestions on the current economic situation and the next economic work。

　"China Social Sciences": Except the above issues，What are the aspects of China's economic development?

Kun:I want to talk about my opinion on two aspects，First, promote the reform of state -owned enterprises，The second is to stabilize the real estate market。Current，China is implementing the deepening of the reform of state -owned enterprises。According to data from Guojin Securities，2021，Total state -owned assets account for nearly 60 % of China's GDP、Total revenue of state -owned enterprises accounted for nearly 70 % in the proportion of GDP。The 20 major reports of the Communist Party of China are proposed，Deepen the reform of state -owned enterprises，Accelerate the optimization of the state -owned economic layout and structural adjustment，Promote state -owned capital and state -owned enterprises to become stronger and better，Enhance the core competitiveness of the enterprise。In my opinion，This is both for economic reasons，It is also a politician consideration，For example，This can enhance the competitiveness of Chinese state -owned enterprises in the global market。The state -owned economy is the pillar of the Chinese national economy，Reform and development of state -owned enterprises is conducive to strengthening the strategic planning and unified leadership of the Communist Party of China for economic work，State -owned enterprises can implement government policy more efficiently，This helps accelerate the promotion of industrial transformation and upgrading，It helps reduce potential risks。

China's state -owned enterprise reform is multi -pronged，Specifically including strengthening the construction of the board of directors、Implement the power of the board of directors; introduce private capital in the reform of mixed ownership; encourage and support enterprises to dare to do it、Dare to break、Dare to cast、Dare to bear risk，Actively develop the market; rectify chaos charges、Random fines、Faculty ratio phenomenon, etc.。Since the end of the 1970s，From the corporate system、Management and Control System、Management method、improvement in state -owned asset supervision and management，to the mixed ownership enterprise、Gaoms of State -owned Capital Investment and Operation Company，The pace of China's state -owned enterprise reform continues to move forward。Now，A highlight of the reform is to highlight the core functions of state -owned enterprises。Relevant measures for the reform of state -owned enterprise can play a positive role in improving the competitiveness of state -owned enterprises。For example，Strengthen core professional knowledge bet365 Play online games and key technologies; further promote the internal and external digital transformation of state -owned enterprises; improve the level of modernization of state -owned enterprise governance systems and governance capabilities; improve the incentive mechanism、Improve employee enthusiasm; pay attention to profitability and cash flow status; build a valuation system with Chinese characteristics。other，China is also advanced to technology、Novel and practical innovation -driven state -owned enterprises with new products give priority support，Actively give play to the development of state -owned enterprises in the development、Upgrade and lead cutting -edge technology、The role of high -end manufacturing and digital economy，and this is different from the experience of developed industrialized economies such as the United States。

US Fortune Magazine 2023 The World Fortune 500 Enterprise Rankings，There are 142 companies on the list in China，The United States ranks second in the United States with 136 companies。It is worth noting that，Most Chinese companies on the list are state -owned enterprises。Evaluation and predicting China's economic performance，A good method is to follow the reform progress of Chinese state -owned enterprises and the change of profitability。Next，These companies can increase profit margin and asset return。

China fully recognizes the urgent need to promote the steady development of the real estate market，Of course，The measures it takes will not be a close -up method that may cause market distortion。China advocates a good policy "toolbox"，To better meet the housing needs of residents，Promoting the stable and healthy development of the real estate industry，Specific measures include expanding the supply of affordable housing、Reform "Chengzhong Village"、Actively and steadily promotes the construction of public infrastructure for "emergency two -purpose"、Activate all kinds of idle land and property。Promote the construction of affordable housing、Improving the quality of public services is to further improve the living standards of residents，It is also conducive to building a new model of real estate development、Vision of the high -quality development of China's real estate industry。By controlling the scale of local government debt and ensuring the safe and stable operation of financial institutions to effectively prevent and resolve financial risks，It is also part of the relevant plan。Other favorable measures launched by major cities in China also include relaxation of the qualification standard for house purchase、Relaxing the mortgage loan policy、Introduction of residents' replacement housing related personal income tax preferential policies、Distribution subsidies Invalently rural residents to buy houses in urban and towns。