There are two basic ways to write Chinese classical poetry: one is to first determine the title bet365 sports poem、Poetry，Then create according to the topic；The second is after occasionally getting a good sentence，Construct the whole article based on good sentences。In the latter way，"Good sentences" are both personal and original，There are also fragments of sentences taken from predecessors、The situation of forming a sentence。It’s worth noting，This method of composing poems that continues good sentences into chapters，In literati poetry, it is mostly done by chance，But it is very common in monks’ poetry，Even dubbed "Ji Song"。From "Ode to Enlightenment" by Jiang Shan Faquan in the Northern Song Dynasty to "Hundred Questions about Tongxuan" by Lin Quan Conglun in the early Yuan Dynasty，Back to Songgu、Like、"The continuation bet365 sports sentence becomes a chapter" in the gift poem，"Song-style" writing not only broadens the meaning space of monk poetry，Also reflects the monk’s literary concepts。

　　Discussing poetry through poetry: Jiang Shan Faquan and "bet365 sports Enlightenment"

As far as existing documents are concerned，"Song of Enlightenment" written by Yunmen Sect Jiangshan Faquan is the earliest and most systematic "succession" work。Early Tang Dynasty，Yongjia Xuanjue visits the Sixth Patriarch Huineng，Then he composed "Song of Promise"，The whole poem has 320 lines and a total of 1813 words，Considered to be the longest Tang poem。Jiang Shan Faquan's "Song of Enlightenment" is re-created with each line of "Song of Enlightenment" as the first line，Four sentences to one，Thereby creating 320 new poems。According to the "Preface to the Praise of Enlightenment" of Zhu Kuang，The engraving edition of this book was published in the ninth year of Xining (1076)，Later introduced to neighboring Korea，And lost in Middle-earth，Until 1925，The famous bibliophile Zhou Zhaoxiang asked someone to buy it back from South Korea，just reappeared in front bet365 sports world。actually，Jiang Shan Faquan's "Ode to Enlightenment" is annotated in the form of poetry、Comments on previous poems，Can be regarded as a unique form of "Poetry on Poetry"。

Let’s take a closer look，"Song of Enlightenment" has two distinctive features。One，Although Zen Master Faquan explains it sentence by sentence，But it is not limited to the text itself，Often adopt the interpretation strategy of “reason + indication”。Like the original poem "If you don't get rid of delusions, you won't seek truth"，Faquan Ji as "Don't get rid of delusions and don't seek truth，True and false are like dust in the mirror。Break the Void Light and Shadow Break，This is the time to see the real person”，Do not eliminate the illusion、The reason for not seeking the truth is that truth and falsehood are all based on false names，Only by breaking through the void can we see our true colors。Another example is the original poem “In the middle and lower classes, many people hear but many don’t believe”，Fa Quanji is one bet365 sports "people who hear and disbelieve，Just to live longer away from home。I urge you to search from this breath，My hometown is full of treasures”，The reason why the middle and lower faculties hear too much and do not trust is that they do not pay attention to the nature of their own mind、Insistently seeking outside，Only by extinguishing the heart of seeking can one realize the fullness of one’s own treasure。Another example is the original poem "All actions are impermanent and everything is empty"，Dharma spring follows as "all actions are impermanent and all is empty，The same origin, origin and final nature。Desire to give up fate and seek real meaning，It’s like asking the north but traveling east”，The reason why all worldly laws are ultimately disillusioned is that the continuity of cause and effect is uninterrupted，But if you want to put aside cause and effect and pursue real meaning, it is just the opposite、Wishful thinking。Same as above，Faquan uses the second sentence bet365 sports poem to explain the Zen philosophy contained in the original poem，Use the third one again、Four sentences reveal the practice method for those who come after learning，Thus giving his poetic works a more profound purpose。

Furthermore，If "Song of Enlightenment" aims to describe Xuanjue's enlightenment of Buddhism，Often "telling Zen principles in Zen language"，Then Jiangshan Faquan's continuation bet365 sports poem can be regarded as "telling Zen principles in the language of scenery"。As in the original poem "This is the Tathagata's great enlightenment"，Dharma Quan continues as "the Tathagata's Great Perfect Enlightenment，Nothing can be said to be yellow。Leaning on the eaves and surrounded by green clouds and mountains，The flowers blooming out bet365 sports threshold carry the fragrance of dew"。He thinks，The vastness and perfection of Buddha’s wisdom cannot be described in words，Therefore, two sentences of scenery are used to guide readers to understand on their own。Another example is the original poem “Contending for the Gate of Inaction Reality”，Faquanji serves as the door to the reality of inaction，If you want to know the truth, it has no form。Spring arrives and the birds crow at the end bet365 sports day，Fishing boats are released all night when the moon rises”，The reality as unconditioned law is far away from all changes of birth and death，If you want to be aware, you can only enter through conditions。In addition，Faquan also created "Falling flowers on a quiet path as red as fire" from Bai Juyi's "Recalling the South bet365 sports Yangtze River" and "To Zen Master Taoguang".，The water flowing around the door is as blue as blue" "The clouds in the east ridge are white in the west ridge，Sentences such as "the mountains in front are blooming with flowers and the mountains behind are red"，This shows the literary tendency of Zen in the Song Dynasty。Just as Zhu Kuang said，Faquan "his words are scattered"，His purpose is ambitious，Zhao Zhaoran’s heart was set in Yongjia after hundreds of years of silence” (Preface to “Songs of Enlightenment”)。

　　Detour to talk about bet365 sports: Lin Quanconglun and "Tongxuan Hundred Questions"

In the early Yuan Dynasty, Lin Quanconglun bet365 sports Caodong Sect had works such as "Empty Valley Collection", "Xutang Collection", "Tongxuan Hundred Questions" and "Qingzhou Hundred Questions" etc.，Among them, "Tongxuan Baiwen" also adopts the "song-song style" creation method。Specifically，This book includes questions about Tongxuan Yuantong、Three parts of Wan Songxingxiu’s Yangda and Lin Quan Conglun’s ode。Lin Quanconglun used Wan Songxingxiu’s answer as the first sentence，And write it into a piece based on the rhyme bet365 sports first sentence，Created one hundred poems in total。Because most bet365 sports questions in "Tongxuan Hundred Questions" come from Zen koans or Zen forest idioms，As a result, Wan Songxingxiu’s reply became one bet365 sports main forms of written Zen in the Song Dynasty, "Daiyu"，Lin Quanconglun’s eulogy can be regarded as another form of “praising the past”。This kind of Zen text integrates "public case", "daiyu" and "song of ancient times"，The koan explanation style of "Zen Wumenguan" under the influence of "Kanhua Zen" thought (example koan、无门说、Ode) exactly the same。

Compared with Jiang Shan Faquan’s writing style that emphasizes both “reasons” and “instructions”，Lin Quan Conglun often uses the method of "taking a detour to talk about Zen" to guide later students to understand the profound meaning bet365 sports words and deeds bet365 sports founder，Thus making the eulogy part a convenient means。In other words，Here in Lin Quan Cong Lun，Explaining Zen principles is not the point，Inducing people to self-enlightenment is the purpose。For example, "Ask: Three Sentences from Yunmen Chui，That’s the best sentence？Answer: This sentence is the best。Ode: This sentence is the best，One word。Don’t chase right and wrong，Human disturbance。Zen flows with detailed thoughts，This magical power is not trivial”。Lin Quanconglun’s Three Sentences to Yunmen (Covering the Universe、Two baht for the purpose、I’m not very interested in the specific connotation of not involved in all fate，Just emphasizing the importance of Wan Songxingxiu’s answer，Let readers add details here。Another example is "Question: Breaking jingles for work，Threading a bowl through the heart to make a career。Sitting peacefully in Tongxuan Temple，No matter what happens in front bet365 sports mountain。Qidao，Who is An Ran？Answer: Receiving salary for no merit。Ode: A man who receives a salary for no merit，The moon is a neighbor and the clouds are a companion。Sleep when you are hungry, eat thirsty, drink, and sleepy，In addition, there is no leisure to admire”。A person with peace of mind is a person who understands his true nature，Here it is called "a man who receives salary without merit"，The emphasis is on not being burdened by the cause and effect bet365 sports world。Lin Quanconglun said that the moon is his neighbor、With clouds as companions、Eat when hungry、Sleep when sleepy，This is a hint to the realm of seeing the Tao from the perspective of daily life，This is also a detour in Zen literature、Common methods to keep your position straight。

Of course，Such hints and insinuations can sometimes reflect certain Zen principles。As in "Ask: No door is the Dharma door，What is the meaning of Dao?？Answer: Who is outside the door。Ode: Who is at the door，The world is not big。Yuanjue Jialan，Time-tested。No need to carry the moon with you，Breaking the city without any obstruction”。There are two interpretations of "No door is the Dharma door"，One is that there is no fixed one、Special practice method，The second is to use "nothing" as a method。Wan Songxingxiu’s answer overturned the scholars’ obsession with “inside the door” and “outside the door”，And Lin Quanconglun’s so-called "breakthrough bet365 sports city"，uses symbolic techniques to point out that there is no "door" in the first place。Since the self-nature is complete and complete，Why bother trying to be pretentious in the path of learning，But observe your own mind、Don’t ask outsiders for help is the true Zen method。It is worth mentioning，Lin Quan’s words from Lun’s poem include “There is no courage without doing what is right”，Prose sentences such as "Knowing kindness and repaying it is loyalty"，Even "things that are justifiable are not timeless"，Sexy sentences such as "the common truth and the truth are inseparable"，Show high literary standards。In addition，Lin Quanconglun’s practice of creating eulogies centered on Wan Songxingxiu’s reply，And its koan explanatory style that is very similar to "Zen Wumenguan"，All reflect the important influence of Linji Sect’s Mahawisdom Zonggao’s “Kanhua Zen”。

　　Continuation bet365 sports sentence: Reconstruction of Tang poetry in the Zen forest

In addition to the above two people，More Jisong works appear in Koan Songgu、While praising the ancestor’s portrait and even sending gifts and singing hymns。These are continuations of beautiful verses，The "good sentences" mainly come from Tang poetry。Take "Plum Blossoms Falling in May in Jiangcheng" in Li Bai's "The Flute at the Yellow Crane Tower" as an example，There is a sequel to Song Sengci’s beloved work "Sound and Color"，The monk cannot see through the sand in his eyes。Playing the Jade Flute in the Yellow Crane Tower，Plum blossoms fall in May in Jiangcheng” (Volume 54 of Zongjian Falin)；The sequel "Dongshan Buddha Talks Three Catties of Ma" by Song monk Shi Gong Jieming，Old writer in the jungle of Binding and Killing。It’s best to whistle before the wind，Plum blossoms fall in May in Jiangcheng" (Volume 36 of "Zen Ode to the Ancient Lian Zhu Tongji")；The sequel "Plum Blossoms Falling in Jiangcheng in May" by Qing Dynasty Monk Jinting Dezong，The wind brings fragrance to the whole courtyard on credit。The beautiful girl is nowhere to be found，Butterflies are flying over the neighbor's house" (Volume 2 of "Quotations of Zen Master Jingting Sect") etc.。Not only that，Jufan Wang Wei、Du Fu、Bai Juyi、Liu Yuxi、Luo Yin、Famous poems by Du Xunhe and others，All of them have been used as "good sentences" by Zen monks in the creation of various types of poetry such as ancient poems。For example, in Song Dynasty monk Shi Xixinyue's "Praise to the Avalokitesvara": "The sun is high and the shadows bet365 sports flowers are heavy，The wind is warm and the birds are singing。Zai Zai Yuantong Gate，Every door is at ease。The top of Baotuo Peak is higher，The moon shines across the sea。" ("Zhuanyi Shixi Zen Master Fohai's Miscellaneous Records") The first two lines of this poem come from Du Xunhe's "Spring Palace Resentment"，Here, the spring scene originally used to set off resentment is given the Guanyin of Freedom，On the contrary, it better highlights the ease of Guanyin Bodhisattva。Another example is the Song Dynasty monk Xueyan Zuqin's "Send to the Tiger Hill Monk": "One side bet365 sports bright moon can be in the middle bet365 sports courtyard，The shadow bet365 sports tower is sharp and the night air is clear。Always a resident of Tiger Hill，Don’t do favors easily。” (Volume 21 of "Wu Du Dharma") The first line of this poem comes from Liu Yuxi's "Sheng Gong Lecture Hall"，Together with the second sentence, it creates a cool and quiet night scene bet365 sports temple，The last two sentences are to advise the Tiger Hill monk not to treat the night scenery as easy to get，Hints that the other party should work harder。The site of Sheng Gong Lecture Hall is located in Huqiu Temple，This is also the reason why Zu Qin continued Liu Yuxi’s poems into a chapter and gave it to the Tiger Hill Monk。

Overall view，Constructing the whole article based on the good sentences of predecessors，It is a unique way and common phenomenon of monk poetry creation。As the Qing monk Hanxiu Ruqian said: "Think about it and calculate it，Just nothing to say，Remember a Tang poem，I can’t help but borrow the whole situation。” (Volume 9 of "Quotations of Zen Master Hanxiu") You can also directly borrow the poems of predecessors，Writing a continuation bet365 sports good verses bet365 sports predecessors，It’s all just to “complete the situation”，That is, used to explain Buddhism and guide students。In other words，What Zen monks value most is not the artistry of poetry，But as a practical means of convenience，So they often adhere to a literary concept of "playing with calligraphy"。

　　(The author is a distinguished associate researcher bet365 sports School of Humanities, Guangzhou University)