Learning and Si Si is an important category in the tradition of Chinese philosophy，It occupies an extremely important position in the Confucian tradition of Confucianism。"Learning" and "Thinking" are both people who have obtained "the knowledge of virtue" to become the only way to Chengde and shape the ideal personality。From pre -Qin to Ming and Qing dynasties，Confucian scholars have more explanations about "learning" and "thinking" and their relationships。In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the enlightenment thinker Wang Fuzhi stated in the "Four Books Training": "The way of knowing has two，Xue Yue Si ... You must not be discarded，Must -likely ask for merit。"He is based on the deep inheritance of the old Confucian" learning "and" thinking "theory，Expressing a lot of new ideological content with its subtle philosophy。

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In terms of "learning",，Wang Fu's explanation of the "The Analects of Confucius" "learns the time to learn" is thought，"Learning" contains the two meaning of "what learned" and "learning for learning"。Learning is not only through lectures and reading to learn various theoretical knowledge，It also includes participating in real life through personal experience，Get practical experience from it。Wang Fu believes，The more the theoretical knowledge and the experience, the better the better，Only by learning to continuously update your knowledge reserve，Only to deal with changes、The complex social reality。At the level of learning，He emphasized that "learning" with both the two levels of the two levels，At the same Bet365 app download time, the content of "Du Xing Performance" is also included in "learning" from the perspective of Knowing the Bank。Wang Fu's focus on the value of the "practice" in the process of learning，To highlight the significance of practice in the process of understanding formation and knowledge acquisition。It is worth noting that，Wang Fu Zhizhi still discusses this problem in the context of Confucianism，What he said "practice" refers to the practical behavior of ethical politics。

Although Wang Fu's emphasis on "practice"，But this does not mean that he will "learn" with "line" completely opposite。Wang Fu has a clear description of the relationship between "learning" and "Xing": "Today, the person who learns to learn from the physical and mental person said:，It is heard;，There is a opinion; it can be described by Ming Tao，There is a saying; when you see it, you can use it with things，。""，From the perspective of the function of "learning" and "line", Wang Fu thinks that there is "Xingxing" in "learning"，"Xue" in "Xing"，"Learning" is a process from practice to recognition，"Xing" is the process of knowing guidance and practice。

　　Benevolence

Wang Fu's interpretation of "Thinking"，The academic community has paid widespread attention and studied in depth。In Wang Fu's thought system，"Thinking" includes the development of moral rationality and body recognition of the inherent morality of the person，also includes speculation and rational understanding in the conceptive sense。Wang Fu has more inheritance in Mencius in the specific discussion，It is believed that it is the "thought" of people who transform the morality of human morality and energy that people who have received the minds of the heavens and the heart。"Thinking" is rooted in heaven and achieved in personal。From bet365 best casino games the perspective of physical and mental relationships，The god of the heart cannot be separated from the shape。People are born with a subject，Thinking as a kind of original experience, it is manifested on people。From the perspective of Chinese thought and tradition,，"Heart Thinking" is actually a kind of "thinking of the body"。In his opinion，Renyi and Sijun are endowment given by heaven。People have thoughts，Therefore, be able to obtain benevolence，and S must be based on benevolence。The word "thought"，Can be good in function、Successful、Storage of the three to penetrate，In the time, it contains knowledge、grid、sincerity、Righteousness。So，Wang Fu's height praises the role of "thinking"，Called "The Tibetan of Everbright"，and "read" with "Zhou Shu"，The Confucian classic concepts such as "Consciousness" of "The Analects" are regarded as。

Wang Fu believes，With "thinking" grasping, it takes two steps: first is to examine the "clearly discriminated"，Followed by exploring its "so" "cautious"，A missing one is indispensable。"Of course" as the appearance of things is the understanding of the appearance of things，Explore its "so" is the process of understanding the essence of things。From "so"，"Of course" is the "no credential"。The understanding of "Of course" is not true knowledge，The purpose of the understanding is to study the "so" hidden behind the phenomenon as the essence of things。So，You need to distinguish between right and wrong in many complicated phenomena through "clearing"、Remove the truth，Based on this, rose to the essential understanding of the "granted" of things "cautious"。From "clearly" to "cautious thinking" is the "thinking".，The process of grasping things in an all -round way。

　　Xue Si Xiang Xiangbi

bet365 live casino games The discussion of the relationship between "learning" and "thinking" of Wang Fu is wonderful，It is also one of the theoretical values ​​in its thoughts。One of Wang Fu repeatedly emphasized，Whether it is learning or thinking，It should always adhere to the subjective spirit of "trying it in my violation"，This is the uniqueness of their learning theory。In his opinion，"Learning" is the spiritual heritage left by the inheritance and inspection of the ancestors，In this process, we should fully respect the theoretical results of the predecessors。"Thinking" is not the ancient people's traces，Requirement to be cautious、The spirit of independent thinking reviews the theoretical heritage left by the ancients。In this process，There are two extreme tendencies to avoid: First of all, avoid becoming a mud ancient man who has been "Chan Gu has passed"。The "pure solid" of the ancient "pure solid" is blindly faithful of the ancient language and classic records，The words of the ancients are Zhan，Never look at the problem with dialectical and development views，This is a typical example of learning but not thinking。Secondly, avoid being doubtful、Criticize everything、Blind and confident "Sumid"，This is a typical representative of thinking without learning。Wang Fu's warning us，After the correct judgment of the theoretical heritage of the predecessors，Guide practice with you again。This requires that the students must have a keen judgment ability，and this judgment ability is based on the broad knowledge。The theoretical results left by predecessors are actually the ideological crystallization of thought after the "exhausted" of seniors，If you can inherit the theoretical results of the ancients with a correct attitude，bet365 Play online games You can avoid taking less detours in the process of understanding and practice。

From Wang Fu's view，Learning Si Noshita is not contradictory，"Learning is not to think of thinking，and learn to worship the Bo is farther;，Thinking of the trapped and learning must be diligent "，The two are in love with each other，Not abolished，Not abolished。Wang Fu transformed the moral cultivation theory of "Dao Wenxue" and "respecting morality" in Song and Ming Confucianism into more vast and exquisite epistemology issues，Unified two in the higher theoretical thinking level，and in the process, the subjective spirit of the person。

　　Learning to Jugu Si Yu Yong

Wang Fu made an extremely exciting discussion and summary of "learning" in "Zhouyi Biography"。He said: "Learn to gather in gathering，New reason and new reason; think in Yong，Microcontroller and observe in the micro。"" inheritance and innovation，Promote each other、Common Development。It is not the right attitude to believe in ancient or split tradition。The new knowledge is developed from "So"，The generation of new knowledge will also update the inherent theory and concepts。Wang Fu's clearly tells us，By exerting the ability of "thinking"，can we be obtained by Weichaxian、Back to the micro，The development of continuous deepening and promotion。

Contemporary American philosopher Kun's "Paradigm" theory emphasizes，Although conventional science is in the process of continuous update iteration of the new and old paradigms，But the old paradigm provides the theoretical problems and open space for the arrival of the new paradigm; the new paradigm is committed to solving the theoretical problems left by the old paradigm，On the other hand, we will continue to maintain openness，Provides possible for the arrival bet365 live casino games of the updated paradigm。This is the real portrait of "new and fundamental" in the development of scientific knowledge。In other words，The entire understanding and practice of human civilization deepen the development of the entire human civilization，It is the great crystallization of "new hometown" and "micro -phase" on the basis of continuously inheriting the theoretical heritage of their predecessors。Wang Fu is good at melting a large amount of advanced ideological information，Not only does it study the Confucian classics，and "Enter its base，Attack it，violent，Seeing its flaws "attitude towards Lao Zhuang、Discussion of Buddhist theory，Fully absorb the reasonable ideological resources in it to continuously improve your ideological and theoretical system。This is exactly the best proof of the learning and thinking of "new hometown" and "micro -phase"。Wang Fu revealed us with his own thoughts and Xuexing，Neither "mud ancient" has a dogmatic -like treated traditional culture，Do not "believe in" to abandon traditional wisdom，Instead, it should be based on the current specific social reality，On the basis of adhering to the subjective spirit of "examining it and judging its violations", the wisdom of the ancients was criticized with abandoned eyes，Ideological resource for responding and solving real problems。

From today's vision，Wang Fu Zhizhi still discusses his learning ideas in the traditional episodes，Its thoughts still cannot be unable to get rid of the national thinking characteristics of traditional Chinese thought and ethics and epistemology。Specifically，Although Wang Fu attaches great importance to the learning of "quality testing"，and try to use the principle of material immortality of natural science to demonstrate the problem bet365 Play online games of people's views，But the idea of ​​thinking and even the entire knowledge is still based on morality and moral practice as the main content。

　　(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Renmin University of China)