Traditional Confucianism advocates that all cognitive activities have their own physical foundation，And the body is penetrated by social and cultural value，The concept of "physical and mental integration" is an important pillar that constitutes Confucian physical philosophy，Confucianism is therefore emphasized the control of the heart of the limbs。Affected by the view of its body，Confucianism believes that "body" is not just the existence of the body，Therefore, emphasizing a kind of physical and mental cultivation; "education" is not only the process of teaching，It is a kind of moral cultivation。From this，The leading role of pre -Qin Confucianism in physical training，Promote the restraint of gifts，using the "self -cultivation" and "education" method to make the body -based educational activity full of self -introspection、Self -discipline。

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Speaking of "Speaking"，"Body" represents the body narrowly in Chinese thought，Broad -minded、Qi、metaphysics is combined with gods、The whole life of the body and mind。Confucianism，The person's body and heart are integrated，Words must be called heart，The heart must be body，The two are inseparable。"I Bet365 lotto review haven't seen a good benevolent，Those who are not benevolent。Good benevolent who is not yet good，Those who are not benevolent are benevolent，Do not make people who do not add their body。"Confucius is talking about the body and mind often" benevolence "and discussing，"Ren" as the virtue of abilities and the desire of behavior constitutes the reality of the body，And think that this kind of benevolence and body complement each other is conducive to human health longevity，"Benevolence", "Great virtue will have a longevity"。Guo store Chujian "Five Elements" wrote "Ren" as "■"，Moral must be reflected in the body，The trajectory can be used by the heart，You can also be attentive from the body。

Mencius develops the direction of the body and mind of the mind and mind，On the one hand, he said, "Those who do your heart ... so things are also heaven"，Say "shape，Natural also。But the saint can then practice "，Pointing out the intellectual、Zhitian's moral function can enrich people's body，The internal shapes of the heart，"Practice" is the internal display of the heart through the body's external display。Mencius continues to say，"Gentleman's sex，Renyi Li Zhi Ken in the heart，Its raw color also，Randomy is seen，盎 Back，Use as the last，Four Body Something "。Heart -based，Use as the last，This physiological existence and moral existence of a lofty life weather，Bet365 lotto review Expressing a kind of physical and mental integration、Internal and external concepts。"Shape and God"，Xunzi thinks that the shape is the foundation of the spirit，But "the learning of gentlemen also，Ear，箸，Four Body "，That is, the gentleman's learning is a physical and mental integration，while the villain stays between the mouth。

　The dominance of "Heart" and the training of "body"

In order to achieve "body and mind"，Confucianism pays attention to physical education，We are commonly known as "sports"。Undoubtedly in Confucian，Based on physical education Lost exercise、Training and other narrow functions，More moral cultivation is more reflected in heart -led。Affected by its "body and mind" thought，Confucian criticisms that simply meet the purpose of satisfying sensory stimuli，Profile to the master of the body to the body，Degrading the role of simplicity in physical training。"Zi is not strange、Power、Chaos、God "，Pre -Qin Confucian discourse for power、Power is usually a criticism and negation attitude。Confucianism believes that the innate power is different，So Mencius "can not win a chick，It is a powerless person ... it is also nothing but nothing. "，The power of people should not be used as a capital of showing off and competitive。The real capital worth showing off lies in "German"，So Mencius said, "Take the person with force，Non -heart service also，Forces bet365 best casino games do not help; those who serve with virtue，Xinyue and sincerity "，Xunzi also said, "Gentleman is virtue，Little man with force，The Battle of the Right "。

"A gentleman is like a cow，Do not compete with cows "," Shooting the main skin，For different subjects "，in Kong、Meng、It seems，Hundreds of steps to wear Yang is not the competing technique they worship。For hunting、Riding、Dance swords such activities，Confucianism is also an opposition，"Beasts have no deserted waste ... Wang Wuliu's joy"。These activities are all full of food、Behavioral behavior。Confucianism "mindfulness" view of the view，"Heart" as the dominance of the acquired self has the subjectivity and energy，The role of the commander。In physical training，If the "heart" is temporarily absent，These sports have lost their due legitimacy，Its virtue value will not be able to talk about。

　　"Rites" of the body's control and specification

Confucianism when talking about the relationship between heart and physical activity，The point of its foothold is not to emphasize the concentration of intention，and in the regulation ability of the mind during physical activity，Is the heart that is in line with the specification for the body's action behavior、The control of "Li"。Confucius advocates that the ethical dimension of the body should be tapped with etiquette，Fashionable function of Education，Bet365 lotto review "The shooting of the princes also，must do Yan Li first; Qing、Doctor、Shi Zhizhi，Gifts of drinking alcohol。So Yan Li，So the righteousness of the monarch and minister also。The gift of drinking in the township，So the preface to the bright and young "。Mencius is talking about Tian Hunting activities "Gallowing Hunt，Crazy "，Also proposed "Fan I drive"，That is to drive a norm for driving，Can't blindly obtain prey for the purpose of obtaining prey。

Of course，Pre -Qin Confucianism when talking about physical activity，Requires it to show polite and festival style，In the final analysis, it is to realize their ideals of governing their country。Confucianism considers physical training as Confucianism that can be compared with the country，The starting point lies in the metaphorical understanding of the "body and mind"。"Take the body near，Far Taking the Things "，Body training with "Li" as a standard，projected to the political level，It is the orderly and orderly pursuit of Confucian pursuit、The concept of governing the country with a clear nation。"Gongya is irregular，Ji Yi cannot be in the middle; six horses are discord，The father cannot be far away;，then Tang Wu cannot win with a must win。"Xunzi even directly governed the country and shoot、Royal and other activities are related，It is believed that Tang Wu can achieve the hegemony of the dominant Bet365 lotto review karma lies in the essence of the gesture of the golden mean，Get the common support of soldiers and people。

Traditional Confucianism regards the body as heart、shape、Body system composed of various levels such as qi，Starting from Confucius，Methods of physical education exist in inside and outside，Outside is a self -cultivation practice with "Li" as the core，Inward is the provincial philosophy with "benevolence" as the core，introverted "benevolence" guarantees the authenticity and effectiveness of the ceremony，The outgoing "Li" promotes the development and improvement of Rende。Confucian body concept incorporates exercise in benevolence、In the theoretical system of the rule of ritual，will shoot、The Royal Project is listed as a sixth art subject，The compulsory academic studies of the ancients，The value of physical training is also seen in the "body" -based moral education，It has historical and cultural significance that cannot be ignored。

　　(Author Unit: Department of Physical Education in Heilongjiang University)