Lukacci is the founder of Western Marxism，"History and Class Awareness" is the masterpiece of its youth。Lucic's naming of his papers with "history and class consciousness" is not accidental or casual，Instead, the results of the theme of its papers collection。Where，"Class Consciousness" is a key theory of "History and Class Consciousness"，It is also an important part of the youth Lukacic philosophy。Although someone regards the theory of the class consciousness of the young Lucari as a theoretical utopian，But as an important part of the entire thought of Lucarcic，The theory of class consciousness not only highlights the important position and positive role of the proletarian class consciousness in the proletarian revolution，and provides a strong theoretical weapon for correcting the "economic decision theory" at that time at that time。

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According to Lucar's description，"Class consciousness exists in such facts，It is attributed to the appropriate and reasonable response to the special typical position in the production process "，This kind of thought and feelings suitable for the objective status suitable for a specific class，is "Class Consciousness"。Lucari pointed out，The generation of class consciousness is a historical development process，Only when it is in a capitalist society, it really formed。Therefore，Class consciousness has experienced the process from "none" to "yes"。

During the previous capitalist period，Class consciousness is just an abstract、Form existence，Garmed by the level consciousness，It is manifested as a state of "unconscious"。Lucari thinks，Many classes in previous capitalist periods including ancient Greece and Rome，Their class consciousness does not awaken。This is mainly because of，In the former capitalist society，bet365 best casino games Class interests have not yet been expressed clearly。In such a society，Productivity is not developed，Production relationships are still the relationship between feudal affiliation，Only the level system that plays a decisive role in it，Level consciousness accompanied by the level system，At that time, it was shielded class consciousness as a real historical factors，Fundamentally hindered the emergence of class consciousness。Therefore, the "class" can only be based on the explanation of historical materialism，From the established、History of the reality of history。

With the emergence of capitalism，Grade system is gradually abolished，Instead of being a purely divided by economy、Society that coexist in diverse class。At this time，Although there are some classes (petty bourgeoisie and farmers), they are still linked to the residues of the hierarchical society，With conservative、Back features，cannot form pure class consciousness，At most a "unconscious subconscious"。but，Class that promotes the driving force of historical development，The economic interests of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat are naked，No longer hidden in the "back" of consciousness, but exists in the consciousness itself，Its ideology is manifested as a state of "conscious"，That is class consciousness begins to appear。

Specifically，Class consciousness is caused by the emergence of industrial revolution and capitalism。This is because of，In a capitalist society，The bourgeoisie realizes the socialization process，Capitalism not only destroys time and space obstacles between different regions，It also destroyed the legal distinction between different levels。There are all equal forms of people in the world of capitalist society，Directly determines that the economic relationship similar to metabolism between people and nature gradually disappears，People become real society，Society has become human reality，Class itself constitutes "the closest、Specific historical reality "。Therefore，bet365 Play online games The appearance of a conscious class consciousness becomes possible，or，Class consciousness reaches the level that it will become conscious。

　　Class Class Awareness: From "false" to "hypocrisy"

The bourgeoisie is after overcoming the weakness of the petty bourgeoisie and farmers，Class that promotes social and historical movements and development in a certain period of time with its own advantages。Although in the capitalist period，The bourgeoisie has formed class consciousness，But because consciousness is a reflection of the existence of society，Even if it is class consciousness，There is also a real and false division。and the incomparableness of the contradiction between the class consciousness of the bourgeoisie and its class interests，Leading the awareness of the bourgeoisie must be transformed from false to hypocrisy。

"False Consciousness" is a class ideological form shown by the bourgeoisie during the rising period of the capitalist society。Lucari quoted Engels，I believe that ideology is consciously by the so -called thinker，But the process of completing the "false" consciousness。From a subjective perspective，Class consciousness of the bourgeoisie's reflection of society and the historical environment is a social consciousness，It is considered to be correct; from the perspective of objective content，Because the class consciousness of the bourgeoisie does not fully express the essence of social development，Therefore, it is a false consciousness。Lucari believes that although this "false consciousness" cannot correctly reveal the nature of society，But it is still a mirror in the bourgeois society，Because any concept is a reflection of social history，Not any，Instead of its objective economic structure basis。The class status of the bourgeoisie is the objective boundary of the "false consciousness" of the bourgeoisie，Decided by the social and economic structure，instead of subjective and casual。

"Hypocritic Consciousness" is a class ideology shown by the bourgeoisie in the process of class struggle bet365 Play online games with the proletariat。Lucari pointed out，The status of the bourgeoisie，determines the role of its class consciousness in the process of competing for social control，To truly grasp the whole society，It gives individuals an unprecedented importance; for its own interests，It is trying to unify the entire society。The bourgeoisie is forced to develop the economy on the one hand、Social and Political Theory，On the other hand, I was forced to form consciousness，Belief to support it to control and organize society as its own mission。but，Because the rule of the bourgeoisie is not only performed by a few people，And for the interests of a few people，So deceive other classes，Let them have no clear class consciousness，It is an indispensable prerequisite for the existence of the bourgeois rule。Therefore, the bourgeoisie consciousness has a narrow and hypocritical feature。

Lucari thinks，"hypocritical consciousness" is the product after dialectical contradictions in the bourgeois "false consciousness"。One aspect，The status of the bourgeoisie in the production process and the classic interests generated by this are the development of the development of class consciousness。On the other hand，The class awareness of the bourgeoisie is in its unsolvable contradictions in its own development summit。The deep root of this contradiction is the basic contradiction of the capitalist system，To overcome this contradiction must eliminate the capitalist system，This is not allowed by the bourgeoisie。This is the case，The bourgeoisie can only choose to cover the facts with a means of deception、Forgery of truth。This means，As the bourgeoisie class awareness goes on the reactionary side，It also gradually reaches the edge of the perishable。

　Incidental awareness: From "materialization" to "maturity"

The process of class consciousness development，For the bourgeoisie，Is a process that constantly oppose itself，In the end, it will lead to the crisis of capitalist social crisis and the demise of the bourgeoisie; but for the bet365 Play online games proletariat，but it means that as a whole, it is continuously strengthened，and finally go to victory under the guidance of their own class awareness。But，Does this mean that the awareness of the proletariat is of congenital correctness? Lucari thinks，The awareness of the proletariat also needs to go through a change process from "materialization" to "mature"。

In a capitalist society，No problem cannot be finally traced back to the issue of the product，No question answers cannot be found in the answer to the mystery of the product structure，Lucari called this phenomenon "materialization"。The "materialization" phenomenon in the capitalist society erodes the proletarian consciousness，It makes it difficult for the proletarian to form a unified consciousness，The division of this consciousness is prominently manifested in the separation of economic struggles and political struggles。Because in the proletarian revolution，The individual goals of the proletariat are mainly economic benefits，It belongs to the capitalist economic structure，The ultimate goal is to consciously exceed the restrictions of the capitalist society。"materialization consciousness" is actually a manifestation of immature proletarian consciousness，rooted in the temporary superiority of capitalism in terms of economic and political aspects，Is a false consciousness，Because it only sees one part of the overall history，without seeing it all。Lucari thinks，It is the differentiation of the proletarian consciousness due to materialization，In the end, the failure of the European proletariat revolutionary movement after the First World War。

Because "materialization consciousness" not only causes the proletariat to lose its overallness and subjectivity、Lack of critical spirit，and also a affirmation and protection of the capitalist system，is the force that hinders social progress，Therefore, the youth Lucari proposed，Must build a mature proletarian awareness -the class consciousness of the proletariat，Relying on the "overall" principle，"materialization" phenomenon of overcoming capitalism，bet365 Play online games Promoting the victory of the proletarian revolution。

Lucari thinks，Class consciousness of the proletariat has clear historical characteristics。It is not the individual psychological consciousness of individual proletarians，Not all their group psychological consciousness，Instead of "the feeling of becoming consciousness for class historical status"，It is the historical status of the proletariat，Including class interests、Class action、Careful expression of class mission。Therefore，Class consciousness of the proletariat is a "granted class awareness"。Because the proletariat was given the task of transforming the society consciously by history，Its class consciousness will inevitably be between the interests and long -term goals in front of you、Contradictions between the factors of isolation and the whole。So for Lucari，The formation of a mature proletarian consciousness，Its importance is also in the solution of contradictions in reality。but but，Only when these contradictions are conscious of the proletariat and overcome it in practice，The consciousness of the proletariat will change from abstract to specific reality，Only becomes a truly mature consciousness。

From the view of Lucari，Class struggle is the main class action of the proletariat，is the ultimate point of class consciousness。Class struggle includes objective struggle，It also includes the scientific establishment of class consciousness。Class consciousness of the proletariat is important for its class struggle，It is a realistic means and revolutionary forces that make people get rid of materialization。Since the consciousness of materialization and materialization has been universal，Lucari believes that it must rely on the "overall" principle，Take a overall criticism of the consciousness of materialization and materialization。The important guarantee of the victory of the proletariat revolution is to evoke people's desire for "overallness"。The overall method requires not only the society as an organic、Key to inspect Bet365 app download the overall movement，and also recognize the comprehensiveness and integrity of people's own existence，Get rid of the materialized state of people。Therefore，The proletariat must conduct internal transformation and self -education as a conscious revolution，​​to promote the maturity of its ideology。

　　(This article was funded by the "Central University Construction World First -class University (Discipline) and Special Fund for Development Guidance" in 2019)

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Renmin University of China)