About the Book of Rites · University "Gou Ri Xin，Daily New，Annotation of the sentence "again"，It is the focus of the attention of scholars of all ages。There are three interpretations in academic history，That is the original meaning of the "Pan Ming" of the "University" text、The interpretation of the classics of Zheng Xuan and Kong Yingda and Zhu Xi's science interpretation，They interpret the meaning of "Gou Ri Xin" from different perspectives。

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The "Pan Ming" of the "University" text "Gou Ri Xin，Daily New，Nihon New "。Here，The word "Pan" is the key to understanding "Gou Ri Xin"。For this，Scholars of all generations have the following two views: the first view is Kong Yingda、Zhu Xi as the representative。"University Justice" cloud "Tang Zhi" Pan Ming "，Tang Bathing Disk，and engraved the inscriptions as a ring ";" Four Books and Sentences Collection "says" Disk，Bathing disk also "。Obviously，Both of them have annotated "disk" as "bath disk"。The second point is the Southern Song Xin Ding Shao、The "Disk of Display" represented by Yu Yue in the Qing Dynasty。Yu Yue said in "Four Books Disciplinary Volume · Tongzhuan Drive", "Kong's unknown is a shower device，Flame is not ancient meaning "，It is believed that the soup disk should be "盥" for daily use，Therefore, the theory of Kong Yingda'Bet365 app download s "bathing disk" was denied。I think，"Disk" in "Soup's Disk" should be understood as "盥頮 Disk"，That is the disk for Shangtang's hand -washing facial washing。The reason is as what Shaw said，"，Ri Ri，The same place is the same。Daily bath，Fear never inevitably "。According to people's daily life，People are washing their hands and faces far higher than bathing，Therefore, "disk" is understood as "盥頮 Disk"，Can be associated with the "New Daily" and "New Day" on Pan Ming，That is, people need to wash their hands every day，The two complement each other。On the contrary，If you understand the "disk" as "bathing disk"，will conflict with "New Daily" and "New Day"，Because the word "bath" refers to washing and bathing，According to the Book of Rites, we can see that the ancients were washing their hair for three days，Bathing in five days，"Inner Rules" ‘Parent’ s Parent ’，It's just ‘Five days, you soup, please bath，Three days with Mu ""。Even in modern society with rich material life，It is difficult for us to take a bath every day，Farewell, more than 3,000 years ago when the living conditions are more difficult。

According to the above discussion，If the "disk" is regarded as "盥頮 Disk"，So the original meaning of "Gou Ri Xin" should be understood as "Ri Xinqi and its faces"。The content of "New" to Shang Tang's "New" mainly refers to the filth on the hands and faces of the hand and the face，Keep it clean and clean。But，What needs to be pointed out is，The main body of the behavior bet365 Play online games of "Soup" Pan Ming "is the founding of the foundation of the Shang Dynasty，He is a monarch with virtue，Its status and morality are very prominent，Can't just understand it as an ordinary person and forget his status。Therefore，"Tang Zhi Ming Ming" "as a warning inscription，potentially contains the meaning of "new and new virtue"。

　　Gentleman's Day New Qide

Zheng Xuan "University Note" said: "Pan Ming，Keeping in the plate also。Extreme，Still all。Gentleman's Day New Qide，Frequent heart power，No more。"This means，"Gouri Xin，Daily New，New Ri Xin "means" gentleman "to" New Qide "and" often your mind "。Here，The main body of the "Nikko Nikko" is "gentleman"。According to Zheng Xuan's related solution in other chapters，"Gentleman" mainly refers to two types of people: the first refers to the doctor Qing and the middle school sage。"Yili · Shi Xiang Mei Li" cloud: "Everyone to sit in a gentleman，Gentleman's extension，Ask the morning early Yan，，House，Please retreat。"Zheng Xuan Note:" Gentleman，Dr. Qing and Middle School Sage also。"Book of Rites · Tan Gong" Cloud: "Although he is heavy，Gentleman can’t seek to consider，Shifer can die，Not。"Zheng Xuan Note:" Gentleman，Dr. Qing also。"The second refers to the princes。"Yi · Ge": "Upper six，Gentleman Leopard Change，Villager Revolution。"Zheng Xuan Note:" Gentleman，Princes。"Although the two" gentlemen "specifically referred to，But there is no doubt that they are "for politicians"，This is "" University bet365 best casino games " when I said with Zheng Xuan's" University "，Learn from its memory，The view that can be for politics "is closely linked。Jin Chunfeng inferred it from the dynasty of the Zhou replacement merchants，The word "Germany" is "the original meaning is full life、Bao Sheng、Thick Life，It is a political category，Non -moral cultivation category "。And Zheng Xuan's "politics" actually mainly refers to the "gentleman" of the "gentleman" of politics，So，He specially emphasized that "gentleman" wants to "new and new" and "often your mind"。

Kong Yingda has been promoted on the basis of inheriting Zheng Xuan's "New Qide for Politicians"，Emphasized the importance of "sincerity" for "being a politician"。He said in "University Justice", "Tang Zhi" Pan Ming "，This is what is wide and sincere ";，This "Pan Ming" resignation also。Non -only wash Muzhin。Gou，Chengye。Sincerely makes morality increasingly new。Newcomer，Say Nafei New，When making it more new。A newcomer，Yan Fei is more new，You must be constantly new，All are Ding Ningzhi。This means sincere meaning，Xiu Devonic "。From Kong Yingda's view，A gentleman or a politician can only achieve "sincerity"，Only to truly realize the people，True the country。"University Justice" said "Poetry" cloud: Yu opera，Former King，This is the sincerity of sincerity。This article "Zhou Song · Lie Wen" also，Poems of King Meiwu。Yu Opera，Ukraine。King of Wenwen、Wu Wang Yicheng in the world，So the poet sighs Bet365 lotto review the cloud of beauty: the king of the previous life，Do not forget its virtue "。Kong Yingda thinks，The "virtue" expressed by "sincerity" is the most important thing for the king。The "virtue" of the monarch will naturally penetrate into "politics and education"，reflected as "Rende's Government"，Can make gentlemen、Villagers have their own。In short，From Kong Yingda's view，The "way of governing the country" for politicians is "the way of sincerity" from the inside to outside、A natural manifestation from this to the end，This is exactly that he emphasizes gentlemen or those who are politicians should "sincere meaning，Relations。

　　Scholars from the new people

Zhu Xi has accepted the basic thoughts of "Pan Ming" as required to keep "Pan Ming".，"Yan Chengneng has a decoction of its old dyeing one day and it is new，When it is a new one，and the new day of the day，Newness，It is not slightly intermittent "，But for the content of "Daily New"，He did not simply inherit the point of view of the Han Dynasty Zheng Kong。Zhu Xi interpreted the word "new" as "new"，Democracy of its old saying，Speaking from Mingde，Push and people，Make it also to go to its old stains "。So，"New" mainly refers to "self -new"，and in terms of "Ming Mingde"，It is to rehabilize its body，In order to restore "people get it in the sky，Virtual spirit is not ambiguous，Those who respond to everything with public reason "。Visible，Zhu Xi and Zheng Xuan、Kong Yingda's understanding of "virtue" is completely different。

Bet365 lotto review Cheng Yi has re -adjusted the structure of the whole article of "University" to: Three Outline、Octopus; Demonstrate Three Outline、Shi Bayuan，advocates the "dear" in "Three Outlines" and "as a New"，"In the people of the people，Make people use this way with self -new "。This is here，"The Drive of Tang" is not "Guangming 'sincerity'"，Instead, the second outline of "Three Outline" "Biography"，is "Shi Xinmin"。Zhu Xi accepts this say，and refuted the error of Kong "Shu" with it。Obviously，Zhu Xi did not close "Mingmingde" within the subject，I thought it was only related to the moral activist itself，Instead, the purpose of "self -new" is for "new people"，"New Qide and Yu Min"，"Although Zhou Guo is old，As for King Wen，Can be new in virtue and Yumin，and began to be destined "。

In addition，In Zhu Xi's understanding，The theme of "University" is "Scholars' Cultivation of themselves"。So，Here，"Gou Ri Xin" behavior is no longer the gentleman class or politician that the scholars of the Han and Tang dynasties，but "Scholar"，Readers who specialize in moral cultivation。So，Zhu Xi talked about "Gou Ri Xin" refers to the scholar "from the new people"，and put the foothold on the "Xinmin" in the "Three Outlines"。

can be seen，For Tang's "Pan Ming"，Zheng、Kong two are interpreted from the perspective of politicians，and Zhu Xi interpreted from the perspective of virtue scholars。Comparison for comparison，"Daily New" behavior subject has undergone tremendous changes。This is here，The bet365 best casino games "Nikko theory" in the "Pan Ming" in Tang Zhi realized the second significance change through Zhu Xi's interpretation。

　　(This article is the "Study of the Golden Mean" (18czx021) in the "Study of the Studies" (18czx021) of the National Social Science Fund youth project)

(Author Unit: International Confucian Research and Exchange Center of Shandong Academy of Social Sciences)